(1) Bank St Petersburg PJSC (2) Alexander Savelyev v (1) Vitaly Arkhangelsky (2) Julia Arkhangelskaya (3) Oslo Marine Group Ports
LLC
Day 38
April 14, 2016
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April 14, 2016 Day 38
1 Thursday, 14 April 2016
2 (9.45 am)
3 Housekeeping
4 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes, good morning.
5 MR STROILOV: May it please your Lordship. First, I think
6 I need to report that Mr Arkhangelsky is stuck in
7 a traffic jam but he is coming in five to 10 minutes, as
8 he indicated. He does apologise.
9 My Lord, I gather from the transcript of Tuesday
10 that you meant to do some housekeeping today in terms of
11 the Popov/Steadman dispute and in terms of the Russian
12 law timetabling.
13 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Well, I felt we needed to take stock
14 now that we are approaching the final factual witness,
15 and to work out how we do progress, lest everyone’s
16 diaries fill up and make it even more difficult to
17 establish the route forward.
18 MR STROILOV: In terms of Russian law, on our side the week
19 starting 2 May is fine with me and with Dr Gladyshev.
20 So if that is fine with everyone else, that would be our
21 preference.
22 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes. Now, let me get — I am sorry,
23 I was in a different court yesterday so my grip is even
24 more haphazard.
25 Yes, the week commencing 2 May, which delightfully
1 MR BIRT: My Lord, it is, and I think Mr Stroilov is right
2 to say we should be able to do that within three days.
3 I suppose if there was a spillover onto the Friday and
4 your Lordship had some time then there is the safety
5 valve, but I would have thought we can do it in three
6 days; that would be my best estimate at the moment,
7 my Lord.
8 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: That’s very helpful. And both experts
9 have been apprised of this and they are clear?
10 MR STROILOV: Indeed, my Lord, well, Dr Gladyshev.
11 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Because you would, presumably, each
12 need your expert when cross-examining in that.
13 MR STROILOV: I do hope so, yes.
14 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: That’s helpful.
15 MR BIRT: My Lord, can I just check now a point of logistics
16 for the evidence?
17 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes.
18 MR BIRT: It is simply because I don’t know, I don’t know
19 whether we have made enquiries, actually, whether we
20 will be in this court this week, and if so — in other
21 words, whether we need to obtain a court which has the
22 videolink for Mr Arkhangelsky for the purposes of
23 Russian law or not. I don’t know whether we have the
24 interpreters as well.
25 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: That is a helpful and good point,
1 3
1 commences with a bank holiday, those were the ones 1 Mr Birt. We won’t need the interpreters or we will need
2 pencilled in, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 9, I cannot do 11 and 12. 2 the interpreters?
3 I think I have a matter which I had not spotted 3 MR BIRT: For the purposes of the witnesses I understand we
4 previously on 6 May. I would have an interrupted day on 4 won’t need the interpreters, I understand Dr Gladyshev
5 Friday the 6th, where I have an appeal to deal with, 5 is fluent in English.
6 which I am told will last about an hour, so that can be 6 MR STROILOV: We won’t, Dr Gladyshev is fluent, that’s
7 fitted in. 7 correct, and I think really even if Dr Arkhangelsky is
8 Then on the 10th, but that’s beyond the time when 8 here, his English is —
9 you would require me, I cannot sit either, nor on the 9 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: He is content with English.
10 9th. So that’s the way of things, so far as I am 10 Mrs Arkhangelskaya has not been present since Paris,
11 concerned. 11 really.
12 MR STROILOV: My Lord, on the estimates as they stand, 12 MR STROILOV: Indeed, my Lord, I think except on one or two
13 I think between ourselves three days for Russian law 13 occasions, and I don’t think Russian law is something
14 evidence is quite enough. I don’t think I will need 14 she will find the most exciting bit.
15 longer than a day. Well, I know my time estimates are 15 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Well, you never know. Okay.
16 not always accurate, but I think it’s just a day, and 16 MR BIRT: So, my Lord, we won’t arrange for the simultaneous
17 Mr Birt has indicated that it’s a day, maybe slightly 17 interpreters for that week.
18 longer, so I think 2nd, 3rd and 4th sound fine with… 18 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: It seems unless Mr Stroilov or his
19 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: The 2nd is a bank holiday, so we 19 quasi clients want it, I think we can save you the
20 wouldn’t sit on that, so it would be the 3rd, 4th and 20 expense of it.
21 5th. 21 MR BIRT: My Lord, my clients would appreciate that.
22 MR STROILOV: Sorry, my Lord, I misspoke. I meant 3rd, 4th 22 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: That’s agreed, is it?
23 and 5th. 23 MR STROILOV: It is.
24 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: So is that agreed, that we have those 24 MR BIRT: And I suppose the other question is the videolink,
25 three days for the Russian evidence? 25 my Lord. Does Mr Arkhangelsky want —
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1 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: What about the videolink?
2 MR STROILOV: Well, I confess I haven’t checked. I think we
3 had better ask him when he turns up, my Lord. I am
4 sorry about that.
5 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: No, that’s all right. The reason this
6 court is required immediately on the week after —
7 I can’t remember, 25th or 26th — is that there is some
8 large event sponsored by the Chancellor for which the
9 court is required. I don’t think immediately after that
10 it is required, but I will ask my clerk to make the
11 enquiries. It just seems to me that we have got used to
12 the scenery in here. It probably is easiest. It means
13 that subject to my clarification with the powers that
14 be, you could leave the files over the time, which would
15 save a bit of back strain and expense, no doubt, so
16 I shall ask for that.
17 If, on the other hand, my lease runs out, never to
18 be restored for the case, well there we are, I am
19 afraid.
20 MR BIRT: My Lord, yes, I will ask RPC to liaise with,
21 maybe, my Lord’s clerk to find out things like whether
22 we have to clear the court of all the computer equipment
23 for the purposes of the Chancellor’s event.
24 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I have a feeling that he does — well,
25 I am personalising it too much. It is required.
1 and the oral hearing, and the Popov/Steadman matter.
2 Those are the three things which are impacted; is that
3 right?
4 MR STROILOV: Indeed, my Lord, I think Popov/Steadman is
5 really something that needs to be resolved first,
6 because we either have to — obviously if your Lordship
7 is not prepared to do what we invite you to do, that’s
8 either to split them off or to limit that to written
9 reports, obviously they must — or Mr Popov must come
10 before closing submissions.
11 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes.
12 Submissions by MR STROILOV
13 MR STROILOV: Your Lordship has seen written submissions,
14 and obviously I invite you to do the opposite; that’s to
15 say, to split them off or to limit that evidence to
16 written reports.
17 I don’t think I need to add a lot over and above the
18 written submissions.
19 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Right.
20 MR STROILOV: Except, perhaps, two points, one general and
21 one specific, which I don’t think have been quite made
22 in the written submissions.
23 Firstly, I would say it’s easy, but inadvisable, to
24 lose focus on the need to ensure fairness of the trial,
25 and that includes equality of arms, even though
5
1 MR BIRT: Very well, my Lord.
2 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: That we have to get all those out.
3 And of the papers?
4 MR BIRT: My Lord, I will ask RPC to maybe liaise with your
5 clerk. We will have, of course, next week, or whenever
6 we finish this witness, the remainder of the week to
7 arrange the logistics of whatever clearing or tidying is
8 required.
9 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I’m very grateful.
10 MR BIRT: And we will wait for Mr Stroilov to come back to
11 us on whether we require the videolink for the Russian
12 law witnesses.
13 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I think we all know what our
14 preference would be, which is to be able to leave as
15 much as possible, at least of the files, in the corners
16 and on my bit, as we can, and to leave as much of
17 the infrastructure, the electronic equipment, as is
18 consistent with this event, but to spruce it up by
19 taking all those boxes out, and that kind of thing,
20 I think is probably what is wanted.
21 MR BIRT: Very good. That’s probably as far as we can take
22 it in court today, I suspect.
23 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes. That deals with the Russians.
24 We will have to, in due course, and possibly now, at
25 least indicatively, to decide about written submissions
7
1 your Lordship has quite stressed the subjective element
2 of that on all the occasions when that was discussed,
3 and quite rightly too.
4 Nevertheless, it is important to remember that the
5 case where it comes from, Perotti, that dealt with
6 fairness of a 20-minute hearing on an application for
7 permission to appeal, and there is also quite massive
8 and consistent case law on the need to ensure equality
9 of arms in presentation of evidence at the trial, and
10 I submit that the situation where we are simply left, in
11 practice, in a position where it is unrealistic to call
12 Mr Steadman, or at the very least unrealistic to make
13 him prepare as well as Mr Popov no doubt will, that puts
14 the defendants at a substantial disadvantage and,
15 accordingly, puts the fairness of the trial at risk.
16 Secondly, as far as the issue of availability of
17 resources is concerned, one additional point to bear in
18 mind is that unfortunately, really, this battle, these
19 proceedings between the claimants and the defendants,
20 are not quite limited to this trial. There have been
21 extradition proceedings, and your Lordship has heard
22 some evidence as to the claimants’ role in them. There
23 is a risk of further extradition proceedings being
24 commenced now there have been indications from Russian
25 authorities to the media as a result of evidence
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1 elicited at this trial. There are proceedings which put
2 the — well, at least the claimants have pursued the
3 proceedings which put the family home at risk, that’s
4 enforcement of BVI costs, and they have lost in
5 the first instance in France, but there have been
6 indications that an appeal is possible.
7 We don’t quite know, there have been moves, equally,
8 in Russia to try and enforce a BVI costs order against
9 OMG Ports, which again might undermine the defendants’
10 position in these proceedings. So it is perfectly
11 reasonable, in addition to the defendants’ need, really,
12 to survive this, for their children, it’s also
13 reasonable to keep some emergency fund in case there are
14 further proceedings which threaten Mr Arkhangelsky’s
15 liberty, or the family home, or something vital.
16 So in these circumstances it is particularly
17 incorrect, really, to treat all resources that are
18 available as being available for Mr Steadman. There are
19 other things which have to be — which potentially have
20 to be funded, and obviously the proportion of what
21 Mr Steadman requires is quite a lot compared to what the
22 defendants literally have at their disposal.
23 Apart from that, my Lord, I simply incorporate the
24 written submissions I have made.
25 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Well, was Mr Steadman aware that his
1 really to tell a court, if that’s what he intended to
2 do, that he is just busy for the next few weeks, is
3 somewhat surprising for a professional man who has
4 already given evidence and charged, no doubt, quite
5 considerable sums for it.
6 MR STROILOV: Well, my Lord, it wasn’t quite a letter to
7 court, and I’m sure that if he wrote to your Lordship he
8 would have perhaps worded it a little more — well, in
9 different terms. I don’t think the substance would be
10 very different. Ultimately, really, it is a respectable
11 reason in itself in substance. If he is a professional,
12 he is not paid for this job and he has to work on
13 matters for which he is paid. I wouldn’t criticise him
14 for that. Even though I accept perhaps he should have
15 worded it more politely.
16 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: It’s not only more polite, but more
17 detail, to tell me exactly when he is and when he isn’t
18 available.
19 The impression that he gives in his letter, and it
20 may be that you can’t take this further, is there was
21 a one-off offer, take it or leave it, £10,000; is that
22 fair or not fair?
23 MR STROILOV: I wasn’t part of the discussion myself and
24 perhaps it is better to wait for Mr Arkhangelsky to
25 address you on that.
9 11
1 letter would, as it were, be produced to the court as 1 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Okay.
2 a statement to the court of his position? 2 MR STROILOV: My understanding was that it wasn’t quite
3 MR STROILOV: I believe he was. That’s certainly the case 3 a one-off offer and he addresses it on a more narrow
4 in relation to the first letter, because that was 4 basis than the oral discussion was, in particular
5 preceded with a confidential letter. A letter was 5 I understand there was some discussion about the
6 marked confidential where he set out in more detail the 6 potential witness summons.
7 breakdown of work he anticipates is necessary, and for 7 So I think, essentially, what was discussed is what
8 one reason or another, Alvarez & Marsal considers that 8 was envisaged in court; that there is a risk of witness
9 would be inappropriate to make it anything other than 9 summons and perhaps there is a way to find some middle
10 confidential. 10 ground where he would give a discount, whereby it would
11 My understanding is that the second letter was meant 11 become affordable, but nothing came out of that.
12 to be produced on the same basis. 12 When you try to crystallise it in writing and when,
13 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: A letter to me as much as to your 13 essentially, the answer is no, it is somewhat natural to
14 client? 14 crystallise it to really, to a figure which was given.
15 MR STROILOV: Well, I don’t think it was. From memory, 15 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: He is based in London, is he?
16 my Lord, I think Mr Steadman indicated that if it is 16 MR STROILOV: I believe he is, yes.
17 necessary for him to write to the court, he would be 17 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I mean, it is difficult to gauge, and
18 prepared to do so, but for the moment he was writing to 18 possibly impossible at this stage, and without waiver of
19 Mr Arkhangelsky about that. 19 privilege to do so, I simply don’t know, but one of
20 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: One mustn’t be injured by these 20 the things which has troubled me, really — and this is
21 things, but it is a rather dismissive letter in terms of 21 a particular example of it — is that one would have
22 its tone. 22 thought that if you had a finite amount of money, you
23 MR STROILOV: Well, my Lord, obviously we are all 23 would work out what you could and what you couldn’t
24 disappointed. 24 afford, and you would say: right, we can allocate X to
25 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: It’s not only with his message, but 25 an expert on business values, that’s got to carry us
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1 through to the process of trial and including it. We 1 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Well, that is what I am saying:
2 need an expert who can do that. 2 supposing they did, I could make clear to them that
3 To some extent it is surprising that one has simply 3 I didn’t agree with them, couldn’t I?
4 has an expert, pays him what he wants, gets a report, 4 MR STROILOV: Well — at the end of the day, the defendants
5 accepts a 12.5 per cent discount, realise you have no 5 would be prejudiced by all that whereas it is not their
6 money and, therefore, the entire report is capable of 6 choice.
7 being a complete waste of time; do you see what I mean? 7 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Because you would have a crosspatch
8 MR STROILOV: Yes, my Lord, but of course something that has 8 expert, you mean? A reluctant expert.
9 to be kept in mind, that at the time the experts were 9 MR STROILOV: Indeed, my Lord, well, obviously it is like
10 instructed and we were preparing, really the strategy 10 with a factual witness, it is much better to have
11 was to spend the money in the most efficient way to take 11 a willing witness than a hostile witness, and with
12 us to a stage where third party funding might become 12 an expert I imagine it will be the same.
13 possible, and that has unfortunately failed. 13 Obviously, even if he prepares himself just
14 So in a way it’s a — yes, well I take the point, 14 satisfactorily, it’s not the same thing as when you have
15 but there was simply a very limited sum on the whole in 15 an expert who is really arguing his view because —
16 terms of trying to put the case into shape so that it 16 well —
17 might potentially be funded by someone, and obviously 17 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: So I shouldn’t place much weight on
18 it’s helpful to the court and to everyone to have the 18 professional pride and obligation to the court?
19 case — well, to have all the papers there rather than 19 MR STROILOV: Well, it would be a bit of gambling, my Lord.
20 thinking now: well, what do we do to obtain a business 20 It would have an element of gambling in it, frankly.
21 valuation report. 21 In adversarial litigation, you need — well, I wouldn’t
22 But the downside is that, really, beyond the point 22 say, really — you need some enthusiasm, really, in
23 of having the case in shape on papers, no money could be 23 a way, for the expert to argue his view, not to argue
24 saved, and well, really, it’s really tricky to prepare 24 his — a party’s case, but to argue his view of things,
25 a case like that on £700,000. 25 well, you need him to be free and willing. It is
13
1 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: It is, but it rather emphasises how
2 important it is — though I take your point on third
3 party funding — to have planned in advance as to what
4 you can do and what you can’t do and that’s
5 a disappointment, you know, it is not of much assistance
6 to the court to have the first chapter of a four-chapter
7 book.
8 MR STROILOV: My Lord, I take the point, but really that was
9 the best we could do with 700,000, I am afraid, and in
10 my submission, really, it is really difficult. If more
11 was allocated for business valuation expert, other vital
12 things wouldn’t have been done. It’s as simple as that,
13 really.
14 On top of that, really, I think Withers and
15 Mr Milner deserve a lot of credit for the work they did
16 over and above what they have been paid for.
17 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I suppose if he were summonsed and the
18 summons was not set aside, it would be implicit in that
19 that it wouldn’t be a proper excuse for the expert to
20 say that he hasn’t been able to do the work necessary to
21 give the court assistance, it would carry with it the
22 implication he had to put himself in a position to
23 assist the court.
24 MR STROILOV: Well, perhaps, or perhaps Alvarez & Marsal
25 might take a different view, one never knows.
15
1 a disadvantage. I accept it is in a way a practical
2 solution, but the risk is wouldn’t that shift the
3 balance of fairness too far against the defendants?
4 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Anyway, in your squash ladder of
5 preferences, what you would like most is for it to be
6 split off — this element of the evidence to be split
7 off. Forever?
8 MR STROILOV: No, my Lord, what we would suggest is, really,
9 what was, I think, envisaged as one of the scenarios in
10 the start. So this is split off as a trial on quantum,
11 even though some issues of quantum have already been
12 addressed, but this particular issue is split off as
13 a quantum trial. So your Lordship rules on liability.
14 In my submission the asset valuations plus all the other
15 evidence, are sufficient for that.
16 If we succeed on liability, then as your Lordship
17 has —
18 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Proceed on liability to the tune of in
19 excess of $200 million?
20 MR STROILOV: Well, I don’t think it has to be in excess of
21 $200 million; it may well become that if your Lordship
22 accepts the valuation of Mrs Simonova.
23 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I’m not saying whether I do or
24 I don’t, but the thing is that you accept that the money
25 is owed and that any claim you have must overtop that
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1 before you start being above the water.
2 MR STROILOV: We only need to overtop, from memory,
3 something around $60 million, or if you count in
4 roubles, it is less than that, but then our valuation
5 also.
6 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I see. For some reason I had stuck in
7 my mind $200 million, but that’s wrong.
8 MR STROILOV: That’s roughly Ms Simonova’s valuation for
9 Western Terminal. Of course, Western Terminal is
10 simpler because there is no problem of reflective loss,
11 and there is no problem of ownership, as Onega Terminal
12 was owned by two different companies, one of them was
13 not the claimant. So in that respect, the business
14 claim is more important because we claim for business of
15 Onega, but not for most of the underlying assets.
16 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Well, with apologies for the
17 (inaudible), what I mean is, what I think you are
18 getting at, although your latest skeleton was a little
19 shy on this, is that what you envisage is that at some
20 point I would determine that it was now appropriate, in
21 a difficult set of circumstances, to require
22 Mr Steadman’s attendance in effect to be funded by the
23 claimants?
24 MR STROILOV: Quite, my Lord.
25 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: That is what you are really saying.
1 out of the pockets of the claimants, even if you had
2 been successful? You would have improved your moral
3 position but financially it is just as much an
4 imposition as ever it was, isn’t it?
5 MR STROILOV: No, I don’t think so, my Lord, well, unless
6 your Lordship is minded to reduce Ms Simonova’s
7 valuation very dramatically, which I would submit is
8 wrong, that would easily overtop the claimants’ claim on
9 any view.
10 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Right.
11 MR STROILOV: Roughly speaking, their claim is 60 million
12 and ours is 200 million. I think there is a calculation
13 which we did at the time we hoped to get there in two
14 days.
15 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I was groping about for it, yes.
16 MR STROILOV: So we could look at that, because I think it
17 is a little more complicated, because the debts for
18 which credit has been given also need to be taken out of
19 Ms Simonova’s valuation, but from memory, I think the
20 difference which we calculated was something in
21 the region of $75 million.
22 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: So you would have plenty of room if
23 I accept Ms Simonova’s approach and figures.
24 MR STROILOV: Indeed, my Lord, yes.
25 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I see. When would you have in mind
17 19
1 You don’t quite say it in your skeleton, but you have
2 said it before and that is the underlying premise.
3 MR STROILOV: I am sorry if I didn’t quite make that clear
4 in the skeleton. Of course it is the underlying
5 premise. I would suggest an interim payment of much
6 more than what Mr Steadman requires is in order. Really
7 the test is irreducible minimum. So what your Lordship
8 would need to do is look at assets — assuming that all
9 other elements are proven and accepted, in terms of
10 quantum you would need to look at assets valuations,
11 see — well, you can now choose between the experts.
12 You can consider whether you need to make any
13 adjustments to the figures given by Ms Simonova, and
14 order an interim payment of the irreducible minimum of
15 damages to which the counterclaimants —
16 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: That’s my point, or am I confused?
17 Supposing you establish your counterclaim and you
18 establish the valuations up to a certain limit, say,
19 proposed by Ms Simonova. You are not above water, as it
20 were, unless you exceed the amount of the underlying
21 debt which, though the personal guarantee is disputed,
22 the indebtedness is not.
23 MR STROILOV: Indeed.
24 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: In those circumstances, why would it
25 be any fairer for me to require payment of Mr Steadman
1 that that second part be done, or are you saying that is
2 a matter for the court and for consultation with
3 diaries, but some time quite far?
4 MR STROILOV: Well, I suppose, really, in a way that needs
5 to be — I can’t imagine that it needs to be later than,
6 say, two months after any interim payment is made,
7 because obviously Mr Steadman needs time to prepare, but
8 I think two months would give him plenty of time, given
9 availability problems.
10 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Right.
11 Then your second suggestion is, in effect, that both
12 reports be admitted, but neither expert cross-examined?
13 MR STROILOV: Indeed, my Lord, you simply read them and
14 choose who to believe. It’s not very satisfactory
15 because it effectively pushes the difficulty away from
16 us onto your Lordship, but if your Lordship is in
17 a position, given all the surrounding evidence, the
18 evidence of all the assets —
19 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: And you would consider that fair? You
20 wouldn’t complain thereafter of not being able to
21 cross-examine Mr Popov?
22 MR STROILOV: No, we wouldn’t, my Lord. It is an equal
23 position and we are not in a position to complain, if
24 your Lordship is content to proceed on that basis.
25 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I simply want your assurance it isn’t
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1 going to be relied on thereafter as having deprived you
2 of some right; do you see what I mean? I would take you
3 as promoting that and therefore not able to complain
4 about it.
5 MR STROILOV: My Lord, we are promoting that, in
6 the alternative to the proposed split off, my Lord that
7 is simply the only realistic —
8 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I don’t want that. I know you have
9 anxieties about the fairness of the trial and there we
10 are, but I would want to have cordoned this off as not
11 a matter of complaint.
12 MR STROILOV: I don’t think that we are, because we are in
13 an equal position. We accept that puts us in an equal
14 position in that regard.
15 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes. Then the third, and the least
16 favoured because of the question of enthusiasm and
17 difficulties which are evident from the letter, is the
18 witness summons, but of course, that would probably be
19 quite a delayed process because we would have to issue
20 it, we would have to dispute it in all probability, and
21 it is obviously a very exceptional course. So that’s
22 right down at the bottom of your list?
23 MR STROILOV: Very much so, my Lord. It is just we would
24 prefer that to being simply deprived of an expert. It
25 is very much the last resort. It is embarking,
1 over-striking has gone on in this document, but it is
2 certainly right that this is the starting point of
3 the counterclaim.
4 If we go to the previous page, please {I25/39/31},
5 your Lordship can see at the foot of that page is headed
6 «Counterclaim».
7 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes.
8 MR LORD: Then if we could please go to {I25/39/32},
9 your Lordship can see the defendants’ case is as
10 follows:
11 «The counterclaim concerns a conspiracy intended to
12 defraud Mr and Mrs Arkhangelsky and Oslo Marine Group
13 Ports LLC (‘OMGP’) (the Additional Counterclaimant) of
14 two very valuable businesses:
15 «Western Terminal LLC …
16 «Scandinavia Insurance LLC…»
17 So the context for the present debate about Mr Popov
18 and Mr Steadman is really the counterclaim, which is
19 premised upon a conspiracy to steal two very, allegedly,
20 valuable businesses.
21 Now, your Lordship knows the value claimed. If we
22 go to paragraph 181B, if we go towards the back of
23 the document, {I25/39/74}, if we could then just scroll
24 on if that is possible, please {I25/39/75}, we can see
25 there are claims for loss and damage arising from loss
21 23
1 effectively, on satellite litigation against a third
2 party, risking costs, which would be really terrible: we
3 would lose money and do not get the benefit, and then at
4 the end of the day it’s a big question whether that
5 cures the inequality, so it’s a very problematic
6 scenario from our point of view.
7 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: And in terms of timing, the punch line
8 of three, and a thing common to all of them, is that
9 there would be no Mr Popov in the immediate future?
10 MR STROILOV: Indeed, my Lord, yes. I think that is fair,
11 yes.
12 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Thank you.
13 MR STROILOV: Thank you, my Lord.
14 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes. Mr Lord.
15 Submissions by MR LORD
16 MR LORD: May it please your Lordship. I obviously adopt
17 the written submissions that we put in the note to
18 your Lordship over the weekend. My Lord, the starting
19 point, in our submission, is the counterclaim.
20 I wonder, could we have {I25/39/32}, please, on the
21 screen, which I think is the most recent version of
22 the verified pleading by the defendants. Your Lordship
23 only needs a very quick reference, I think, to this.
24 Although it has been crossed out, I think it is
25 paragraph 100. I am not sure how the marking up and
1 of business which I accept is potentially a quantum
2 matter. Can we have paragraph 181B, if you could just
3 scroll on, please. Your Lordship can see the values
4 claimed there in terms of the business losses. If you
5 go, please, to the last page of the document,
6 appendix 2, your Lordship will get a feel of the overall
7 size of the counterclaim {I25/39/92}.
8 Your Lordship can see that the quantification of
9 this counterclaim straddles two different headings
10 «Business», and «Real estate», and if one just scans
11 down the page, one can see that this is a counterclaim
12 in aggregate of considerably more than US $500 million.
13 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: But it does seem to have two branches,
14 does it not? One is businesses, one is assets.
15 MR LORD: That’s right, my Lord, that is how the loss is
16 put, your Lordship is absolutely right, there are two
17 aspects to it.
18 My Lord, in my respectful submission, the alleged
19 value of these businesses is central to the conspiracy
20 case. Not just to its quantification, but also to
21 liability.
22 In my submission, the starting point for the
23 analysis and the adjudication on this huge conspiracy
24 counterclaim should, therefore, be an analysis of these
25 OMG businesses. It should be the starting point for the
22 24
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1 forensic analysis, not what you reach at the end in some 1 of the two companies, Western Terminal and Scan, said to
2 bifurcation or splitting off. It should be the starting 2 be the target of the corporate raid, goes to the motive
3 point. The claim is a conspiracy to steal valuable 3 of the claimants to raid or steal or conspire to steal
4 businesses, overall generating a half a billion dollar 4 in the first place, and it goes to the credibility of
5 claim or more. The very first question is: well, is 5 Dr Arkhangelsky and these counterclaimants, given their
6 that right? What are these businesses? What are they 6 allegations about their businesses. If, in fact, these
7 about? Would anyone steal them? 7 are not valuable businesses, and if in fact they are
8 In my submission, we are coming at it, with the 8 deeply questionable enterprises, that goes right to
9 greatest of respect, there is a danger of coming at it 9 the heart of the credibility of the counterclaimants.
10 from the wrong end of the telescope. Your Lordship 10 Nothing to do with quantum; it’s all about liability.
11 knows that the defendants place great store upon the 11 Secondly, Mr Popov says this goes to the viability
12 alleged value of certain assets in order to infer a case 12 of the OMG businesses, including those that I have
13 of fraud and conspiracy, so it is not really a case 13 identified. It goes to the question of whether
14 where they have built it up. 14 Bank of St Petersburg were engineering a premature
15 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: The value of assets, yes. They say 15 demise of viable companies or just moving to protect the
16 that the assets were disposed of by incestuous 16 Bank’s exposure to them in their insolvent default
17 transactions involving the Renord Group for a fraction 17 state. The viability of the businesses goes to
18 of their true value. They maintain that conspiracy and 18 Dr Arkhangelsky’s credibility again. He has been
19 they say that the persons identified were party to it. 19 adamant that these were very valuable and viable
20 MR LORD: My Lord, I am going to develop my submissions. 20 businesses, suffering, in effect, some temporary and
21 I hope to cover the intertwining of the issues as to 21 soluble problems.
22 the businesses with the conspiracy case and its 22 If in fact they were nothing of the sort, if in fact
23 liability. 23 they were built on sand, then that will have a very
24 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: All right. 24 profound implication for his credibility generally and
25 MR LORD: I’m going to try and deal with that. Could we 25 for much of what he has to say, including as to his
25
1 have {A1/2/55}, please, paragraph 176.
2 This is part of the scheme claim. So the conspiracy
3 claim under the scheme is to seize the businesses. It
4 is not just — and it is important to remember, however
5 it may have mutated, and whatever is maybe its final
6 resting point in closing this trial, the pleaded case,
7 and the way it has been conducted for many, many years
8 around the globe, is that this was a corporate raid, not
9 an attempt to grab a valuable asset or two through a
10 collateral disposal at an auction, that’s not been the
11 claim. Whatever it might end up being at the end of
12 this process, it’s very important to remember the
13 counterclaim that is currently still advanced, and it
14 starts with a corporate raid: to steal valuable
15 businesses.
16 So in my respectful submission the idea that the
17 court — this court, would not look very, very carefully
18 at expert evidence which analyses any of those
19 businesses would be an unlikely answer to a proper
20 adjudication of the matter.
21 Now, in terms of the relevance of Mr Popov’s
22 evidence, it’s really as follows: he values
23 Western Terminal and Scandinavia Insurance and
24 Onega Terminal as businesses.
25 Now, first, the nature and value of these companies,
27
1 counterclaim.
2 It obviously goes to causation. If the Bank could
3 have called default anyway, then no December 2008
4 conspiracy to bring down OMG, as alleged, has caused any
5 subsequent losses. These OMG companies were always
6 going to go into default, they were always going to
7 fail, and their assets were always going to be
8 liquidated.
9 Thirdly, Mr Popov’s evidence goes to the value of
10 the assets on the income approach, in other words,
11 Ms Simonova’s preferred approach to valuing assets at
12 Western Terminal and Onega Terminal.
13 Mr Popov’s evidence on the business model and its
14 profitability is clearly relevant to the valuation
15 approach adopted by Ms Simonova. She adopts the income
16 DCF approach, and therefore Mr Popov’s opinion is
17 relevant to these issues.
18 That there is a clear link, therefore, between
19 Mr Popov’s evidence and that given already by
20 Ms Simonova, is shown by the following — not just the
21 obvious connection, but the instructions to Ms Simonova
22 from Withers, the references to which are in our note
23 that I will give your Lordship again, {E8/26.1/4} and
24 {E8/26.1/9}, and {E8/27.2/3} where Ms Simonova is asked
25 to consider Mr Popov’s evidence.
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1 Your Lordship will, I think, recollect that
2 I took — it is actually footnote 19 in our note on
3 page 7, so I won’t repeat that.
4 Mr Popov’s report, if we could have that up, please,
5 at {E5/18/16}. This is the second example. He looks at
6 Ms Simonova’s approach and assumptions to the valuation
7 of Onega Terminal. If we could have page {E5/18/22} up,
8 please, as well. Mr Popov considers what he sees as
9 contradictions between Mr Steadman and Ms Simonova’s
10 approach to the business valuation of
11 the Onega Terminal.
12 Thirdly, your Lordship knows that Mr Stroilov has
13 submitted that Ms Simonova has apparently offered to
14 assist in the cross-examination of Mr Popov, should
15 Mr Popov be called to give evidence orally at the trial.
16 One, I think, can reasonably infer from that that
17 Ms Simonova and the alleged expertise that she has, is
18 going to be deployed in relation to Mr Popov’s expert
19 analysis and, therefore, there looks to be a clear
20 degree of crossover, or overlap, in and about what those
21 two witnesses are engaged upon in this case.
22 My Lord, these are not expert issues going only to
23 quantum, since the defendants rely on the asset values
24 to infer fraud and conspiracy, so, in other words,
25 Mr Popov’s evidence —
1 business loss case, the ownership loss, but also
2 necessarily to assess Ms Simonova’s analysis of
3 the business model itself. It’s all very well saying:
4 the business model is one thing with Mr Arkhangelsky and
5 one thing with another owner. There are factors that
6 will be different, but quite a few of the core liability
7 questions: throughput, capacity, access to the water,
8 those are going to be common on either of those two
9 approaches.
10 So, therefore, if Mr Popov has dealt with those
11 inputs and those assumptions and parts of the analyses
12 by Ms Simonova, his evidence goes to Simonova’s
13 evidence, and her evidence then goes to asset value, and
14 that then goes right back, it circles right back to
15 the defendants’ liability case on their counterclaim,
16 because the central, if not only, plank in their case on
17 liability is that the assets were worth so much more
18 than BSP gave credit for that there must be
19 a conspiracy.
20 The validity of this central tenet, and whether it
21 can conceivably take the weight that the defendants
22 require it to bear in support of their conspiracy case
23 will obviously be a matter for closing submissions.
24 However, my Lord, this is the case — quote
25 unquote — that my clients must meet in defence of
29 31
1 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: The asset values?
2 MR LORD: Sorry, my Lord? Yes, because Ms Simonova deals
3 with asset values. She arrives at it through a DCF
4 calculation. Mr Popov —
5 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I see what you mean.
6 MR LORD: I am not putting it very clearly —
7 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: No, you are, but you say there is
8 crossover because her DCF approach relies on a business
9 or economic assessment which Mr Popov says is not only
10 wrong but inconsistent with Mr Steadman’s report.
11 MR LORD: Exactly, my Lord. Mr Stroilov makes the point
12 that there is a difference between the actual business
13 losses of the owner, which is the business case
14 simpliciter, as it were, and, if you like, the putative,
15 or notional business modelling which a potential
16 purchaser or investor would shell out to acquire the
17 said business prospectively. He makes that point in his
18 skeleton, and that’s a fair point as far as it goes.
19 But, of course, those two exercises, those two
20 modelling exercises are likely to consider a lot of
21 the same material as is, in fact, the case here.
22 Ms Simonova who is looking at asset value, obviously
23 looks at what can be done at the various sites and what
24 she says would be viable, and that’s what Mr Popov has
25 done, true enough part to arrive at his opinion on the
1 a $500 million counterclaim.
2 So the defendants are therefore seeking to adduce
3 expert evidence — sorry, the claimants are seeking to
4 adduce expert evidence that is relevant to the court’s
5 assessment of Ms Simonova’s valuations, and that goes
6 not just to quantification of the business loss claim,
7 but it goes to liability as well, pursuant to
8 the defendants’ case that you can infer conspiracy, this
9 grand conspiracy, from an analysis by Ms Simonova of
10 certain asset values.
11 We would respectfully submit that it would be a very
12 serious matter for the court to exclude from its
13 consideration expert evidence that the claimants seek to
14 adduce in this light.
15 The fourth aspect of Mr Popov’s expert evidence goes
16 to various matters of the OMG businesses, and they
17 include City Centre — and I will give the references,
18 but your Lordship doesn’t need to turn them up
19 {E5/16/14}, {E5/16/29}, {E5/16/37}, and {E5/16/53}.
20 It is right that your Lordship should see that
21 Mr Steadman also deals with this. If we could have
22 {E6/19/61} up, please, your Lordship will see how this
23 point first, I think, arose. Mr Steadman identified
24 certain issues to do with Scandinavia Insurance’s
25 balance sheets. If we could go to the next page
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1 {E6/19/62}, your Lordship can see what Mr Steadman set
2 out in paragraph 4.6.8. He identified the considerable
3 value of liquid assets, apparently at one stage on
4 Scandinavia Insurance’s balance sheet, that appeared to
5 have gone via a transaction involving discount notes
6 with an entity called City Centre LLC, and your Lordship
7 knows that Dr Arkhangelsky’s position remains that he
8 has no recollection of this entity, notwithstanding the
9 size of those transactions, somewhere in the region of
10 RUB 725 million. Mr Popov identifies it as higher
11 because there are certain other notes I think that
12 haven’t been taken into account. Your Lordship can see
13 straightaway that that is a very substantial amount of
14 money.
15 At {E5/16/40}, where your Lordship can see Mr Popov
16 deals with the question of guarantees.
17 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: On that last point, the experts can
18 tell me, or I can deduce, possibly, from the experts,
19 what the effect on the balance sheets would be, but the
20 question of fact as to what became and as to the reasons
21 for the discount notes is not a matter for the experts.
22 MR LORD: I accept that, my Lord, entirely, yes, but to
23 the extent that your Lordship’s analysis is going to
24 involve some acquaintance with and orientation with the
25 accountancy context and the way in which these entries
1 experts?
2 MR LORD: No. Then at {E5/17/5} we see some further
3 evidence of Mr Popov on Scandinavia Insurance, the same
4 company, and he identifies, or he expands upon his view
5 on some of these companies. Paragraph 2.1 is
6 potentially important, because he is giving expert
7 evidence on, if you like, the overall set up of this
8 business, and the hallmarks, as far as he is concerned,
9 of it, in particular the last bullet point. He says in
10 2.2:
11 «Scandinavia is a classic example of such an SPV.
12 The financial information that I have reviewed indicates
13 that it had no stand-alone prospects in the sense that
14 it could not have survived outside of the OMG Group.»
15 Now, Mr Popov from Deloittes, one would think is
16 here really assessing the important business elements
17 that go to this counterclaim. He has obviously analysed
18 the OMG accounts. Your Lordship will recollect that
19 Dr Arkhangelsky was, I think, adamant when
20 cross-examined in France —
21 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes, I remember, the IFRS discussions.
22 MR LORD: I was put in my place in no uncertain terms on
23 more occasions than I wish to recall, my alleged lack of
24 expertise in this certain area and how one could only
25 really analyse IFRS accounts if you were an expert, so a
33 35
1 appear, then it might be assisted by evidence from 1 forensic accountancy expert seems to be an appropriate
2 forensic accountants, but I accept your Lordship’s basic 2 choice. Obviously there are issues as to how
3 point. 3 Dr Arkhangelsky «built» OMG’s alleged «business empire».
4 Fifthly, Mr Popov deals with the use of 4 There are issues as to «negative goodwill», «fair value
5 Scandinavia Insurance as the OMG treasury. If we could 5 of development property» — those are both quotes —
6 have {E5/16/38}, please. 6 which your Lordship may feel could helpfully be
7 I made a point on the Scan guarantee, sorry, and 7 explained by an expert forensic accountant versed in
8 I moved on too quickly. {E5/16/40}. 8 the IFRS standards.
9 Your Lordship knows that Mr Popov has analysed the 9 So, my Lord, in summary, Mr Popov’s evidence goes to
10 extent to which Scandinavia Insurance had guaranteed 10 wide-ranging issues on liability as well as
11 other OMG group companies, the extent of those 11 quantification of this enormous counterclaim.
12 guarantees, and the effect upon the viability or even 12 In our respectful submission there is, therefore,
13 solvency of Scandinavia Insurance in those 13 a clear overlap here between liability and quantum, and
14 circumstances. 14 your Lordship will recollect considering the question of
15 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Scandinavia is here Scan Insurance. 15 overlap in a case which Mr Stroilov helpfully identified
16 MR LORD: It is, my Lord, yes, Scan is 16 in his note.
17 Scandinavia Insurance. If we could have {E5/16/38}, 17 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: The EWRG case.
18 again, from one of Mr Popov’s reports, your Lordship can 18 MR LORD: It is, my Lord, and I won’t take your Lordship to
19 see what he opines about — effectively 19 it, because your Lordship, I am sure, is familiar with
20 Scandinavia Insurance was an OMG treasury, it wasn’t 20 this, so I don’t need to take up too much time, so if
21 really a standalone company, and it did what he said it 21 I just give your Lordship the reference in the case, in
22 did in paragraph 6.34, 6.35 and 6.36. 22 paragraph 10 your Lordship looked at the question of
23 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: These guarantees too are disputed? 23 splitting a trial. I don’t know if your Lordship has
24 MR LORD: Yes, that’s right. That’s right. 24 a copy of the case there?
25 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Again, that’s nothing to do with the 25 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes, it was somewhere.
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1 MR LORD: Yes.
2 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I thought it was in your file that you
3 gave me. Read it out to me.
4 MR LORD: Yes, in paragraph 10 your Lordship said this, in
5 the second sentence:
6 «Thus, for example, the determining factors in The
7 Leaflet Company case were that (a) the boundaries
8 between liability, causation and quantum were tolerably
9 clear, (b) there were no significant issues of causation
10 that could not safely be left to be dealt with at the
11 second stage of trial…»
12 I am helpfully told by my learned junior that it is
13 at {I27/43/39}. It’s on screen now, my Lord. I won’t
14 read out paragraph 10. Paragraphs 10, 13 and 14 are
15 relevant.
16 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes.
17 MR LORD: Your Lordship, in our respectful submission, if
18 one looks at those criteria which your Lordship
19 identifies there and applies them to this case, one can
20 see this is clearly not a case where you could start
21 safely to scoop out various issues on Mr Popov’s watch.
22 So Mr Popov’s evidence, in my submission, goes not
23 only to quantum but to the issues of liability and
24 credit more generally.
25 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: This is a development of your thinking
1 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I remember it very well, just before
2 Christmas, that the submission in effect was that
3 because there were no funds, no trial at all would be
4 possible, unless you paid for it.
5 MR LORD: Completely. So we were debating a very extreme
6 situation, which I don’t accept was correctly premised,
7 and I don’t accept applies now, we were seeing how one
8 might go about dealing with that, if you like, extreme
9 obstacle to a fair trial.
10 So the context is important, the premise is
11 important, and the current relevant factors, which
12 I will adumbrate, are also important to today’s
13 decision.
14 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I tell you — I am slightly bothered
15 about the time — but the flip side of this is that the
16 more central the evidence, the more unfair it is not to
17 have a full fight on it.
18 MR LORD: My Lord, I think I need to make these submissions,
19 because I am concerned about it. If I could make them
20 as briskly as I can, your Lordship will have them, and
21 then I will obviously, as I always try to do, answer any
22 of your Lordship’s questions and see what can be done,
23 but I do think I need to, if you don’t mind, just make
24 these submissions.
25 In my submission, the fact that this evidence goes
37
1 from your position in December, if I could put it very
2 neutrally?
3 MR LORD: My Lord, I don’t think that is a completely fair
4 point in a number of respects. First, we were debating
5 in December the situation where there was — two things.
6 First, I made it clear at that hearing that it wasn’t
7 just quantification, it went to issues of causation and
8 credibility and so on. I haven’t got the references,
9 but I am as sure as I can be that that was what
10 I submitted.
11 Can we have — I don’t know what the Magnum
12 reference is. It’s 14 December 2015. {L8/43/131}, line
13 24 running over the page all the way down {L8/43/132}.
14 Then down to {L8/43/133}, down to line 5.
15 My Lord, I don’t think it is right to say that
16 I didn’t identify potential difficulties with this
17 carve-out, but it is right to note that, trying to help
18 the court on the premises that were then underlying
19 Mr Stroilov’s application, to which I am going to return
20 soon, I identified this as being an area where
21 potentially the court might look more carefully to see
22 whether that could be done.
23 Your Lordship will recollect that we were facing
24 an application where what was said was there were no
25 funds available to pay for —
39
1 to the question of liability and credit should dispose
2 of Mr Stroilov’s first and second options.
3 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: First and second?
4 MR LORD: Yes, my Lord. Yes.
5 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I understand that they go to no split
6 trial; you say they also control whether I should allow
7 in both experts but on a written basis only?
8 MR LORD: Well, what I am going to submit, my Lord, what
9 I will try to develop as briefly as I can, is that if
10 one takes a step back, in a normal case —
11 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: What does that have to do with this
12 case?
13 MR LORD: My Lord, I thought I might be taxed with that.
14 One could make, I think, a very decent case for saying
15 the more exceptional and difficult a case, the more one
16 might apply orthodox and conventional approaches where
17 those are available, where those are the right
18 approaches. Unless that is too cryptic, in
19 circumstances where the finance is available, for
20 example…
21 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I know you don’t like me interrupting,
22 but equally I have to hurry you along, and now you have
23 given me written submissions.
24 I agree with you, as is implicit in your
25 submissions, that the two vital points in this part of
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1 the application, apart from the overall amorphous
2 question of fairness, are whether their failure to call
3 Mr Steadman is really their own choice or fault. That’s
4 question one. If the answer to that was: it is, then
5 none of the rest of it is relevant because — you are
6 quite right — the purpose of the rules is not just to
7 be a pain in the proverbial, but in order to guide you
8 in difficult scenes. I agree with you the more
9 difficult a case, the more, in a way, you have to cling
10 to the rules.
11 MR LORD: Exactly, that was exactly the submission I was
12 going to make.
13 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I understand that. If you win on that
14 point and persuade me that it is choice, really all the
15 rest is a waste of breath because it is much better, in
16 my view, to avoid the difficulties of a split trial,
17 especially at a time such as this.
18 MR LORD: I see, yes.
19 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Then the question is, can the trial be
20 split, and I don’t mean in any sense to devalue what you
21 have said, you have said it very well, if I may say so,
22 and you have given me particularity, which is important.
23 It is not easy to split this trial. It never seemed to
24 me to be altogether easy, and there are real
25 difficulties in it.
1 determine how this expert evidence and when it is to be
2 given. That also goes for Mr Steadman, and I can —
3 though he is not to be called, then unless that is
4 a matter of choice, which goes back to your first point,
5 I can admit that, look at it, and see what my combined
6 reading reveals.
7 MR LORD: My Lord, the potential dangers with that —
8 potential dangers —
9 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes.
10 MR LORD: — are that where those experts, Popov
11 and Steadman, disagree, and disagree quite
12 significantly, it is obviously more difficult for
13 a court to decide that.
14 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: It is much more difficult and it is
15 not at all what I would prefer, but my provisional
16 least-bad solution, if I can put it that way, is that
17 I should read both, I should then determine whether
18 I can make head or fair tail of them without
19 cross-examination of both, and in that context, I will
20 also — query having read all the other submissions of
21 the case in writing — I will also be able to determine
22 whether ultimately this business evidence is really
23 vital in terms of the actual values, because, as I have
24 said repeatedly, Mr Bromley-Martin’s evidence was that,
25 amongst other things, he saw no practical realistic
41 43
1 However, we then have to move, in the context of 1 possibility of raising funds if people knew of
2 the amorphous fairness, to a solution, because fairness 2 the payments that are being made to the officials, full
3 is the predominant principle. 3 stop. That’s what he said, and that —
4 MR LORD: To both parties. 4 MR LORD: That must be right, my Lord.
5 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: To both parties, yes. But 5 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: That may be a very difficult point to
6 unfortunately, it is one strike and out. If it is 6 surmount.
7 unfair to either party it is very difficult to know what 7 MR LORD: It must be right, yes. Your Lordship will
8 to do. Now — 8 recollect that Mr Bromley-Martin — can we have Day 21,
9 MR LORD: My Lord — sorry. 9 page 3, please. Your Lordship is right, but I was
10 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I am just trying to assess where 10 reminded today — no. {Day21/2:1}. I think this was
11 I have got to on the basis of the written submissions. 11 the re-examination of Mr Bromley-Martin by Mr Stroilov.
12 MR LORD: Yes, I see that, my Lord. My submission would be 12 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Don’t worry, Mr Stroilov. Everyone
13 it is not at all apparent how one would fairly, 13 always relies on re-examination.
14 certainly to the claimants as defendants to this huge 14 MR LORD: Sorry, {Day21/1:1}. You see, Mr Stroilov asked
15 counterclaim, keep out the sort of evidence that I have 15 Mr Bromley-Martin some questions about the significance
16 discussed. 16 to be attached to the assets of Western Terminal, and he
17 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Well, that’s why I’m testing you on 17 was asked at line 19 by Mr Stroilov:
18 whether it goes to your second — Mr Stroilov’s second 18 «Question: And I think the burden of your evidence,
19 one. 19 it is fair to summarise it as that it would be relevant
20 As it seems to me, and I will show you where I am 20 because it would indicate the market value of
21 thinking, because we have to move on — as it seems to 21 the asset…»
22 me, I cannot exclude your evidence. You have adduced 22 If you scroll on, please, to the next page, and
23 it, I said it was necessary. 23 Mr Bromley-Martin confirms that at {Day21/2:2}.
24 MR LORD: Yes. 24 My Lord, to go back your Lordship’s point to me
25 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: But I do have full jurisdiction to 25 about deciding it on paper, can I raise at least the
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1 following two points that spring to my mind. First,
2 that Ms Simonova has given oral evidence and, therefore,
3 if you like, the defendants have the benefit or
4 otherwise of that, in the sense that if there are issues
5 about the DCF analysis, one party has been able to
6 adduce live, oral evidence, as it were.
7 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: You will have adduced evidence and
8 I think it would have to rely on me, as it were, if
9 I don’t think that I can fairly — I am by no means
10 saying that I’m not going to require cross-examination
11 in the end, I just feel that I must proceed
12 incrementally.
13 MR LORD: The second point, my Lord, is whether it is the
14 right approach in this case for your Lordship to, if you
15 like, come to some sort of decisions without having had
16 that evidence in in a different way as part of
17 your Lordship’s thought process.
18 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Either I would think that I could make
19 the decision in which case I would make the decision, or
20 I would determine in due course that I couldn’t make
21 the decision, in which case, I am afraid, one aspect of
22 the trial would have to be revived.
23 MR LORD: Yes.
24 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I feel that, you know, with all
25 respect, I cannot see a way out of this. It’s not what
1 there is a fairness, I am not backing off fairness, but
2 fairness is a two-way street and justice is to both
3 parties, and I want to just ask your Lordship to
4 question, as the trial judge, is there a reason to
5 supplant or displace, dis-apply the ordinary rules in
6 this regard. In this regard.
7 The relevant consideration is first: permission was
8 already given for oral evidence, your Lordship has the
9 reference. That permission was given for potentially
10 two valuers without a restriction of a valuer —
11 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I’m complying with those.
12 MR LORD: Sorry?
13 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I am letting them in. I’m letting
14 both in.
15 MR LORD: Yes.
16 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Right?
17 MR LORD: Yes.
18 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: They were necessary, and I’m going to
19 read them.
20 MR LORD: I understand that, my Lord, but the question is
21 whether the normal rules should be displaced, because
22 your Lordship is really predicating or postulating to me
23 that we go to a different paradigm for testing it.
24 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: No, the normal process is being
25 changed. I am going to read both experts. I am going
45 47
1 I would like. It is — and I accept this entirely, not 1 to have very careful submissions from each of you, and
2 the way business should proceed in the High Court. It’s 2 I am going to determine whether I can make any
3 one of the differences, in effect. 3 conclusions on the existing state of things with my own
4 MR LORD: My Lord, I do think I must — your Lordship has 4 reading alone. I think this is going to be difficult.
5 the points, but this proceeds on the premise that this 5 MR LORD: I’m sorry, my Lord, there is a premise here which
6 is a situation that your Lordship should be grappling 6 I am afraid I am not going to accept. I am happy to
7 with in the way we are now debating, and I don’t in any 7 move on, but I must put a reservation down, which is
8 way give up the submission that there is the money here. 8 that this sort of truncated — this sort of bifurcated
9 There is the money. It is proportionate in a half 9 or staged process is happening because of certain things
10 a billion dollar counterclaim of this seriousness to 10 that the defendants pray in aid. So your Lordship has,
11 expect the defendants to have paid and still to pay for 11 effectively, to accept that before —
12 Mr Steadman; that that is the starting point for this, 12 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Mr Lord, I don’t know how to put this
13 and that we shouldn’t just jump because the defendants 13 more clearly: I have said if you persuade me that this
14 don’t want to pay — 14 is a matter of choice, as far as I’m concerned, that’s
15 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Please understand, I haven’t jumped. 15 the end of the road for the defendants.
16 The fact that we are on one topic doesn’t mean I have 16 MR LORD: I understand. I misunderstood. So if
17 overridden another. 17 your Lordship is of that view, we will not go to this
18 MR LORD: My Lord, I was going to submit that the question 18 kind of process —
19 is, really, are there any countervailing factors, 19 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: No, all this is on the alternative
20 because in an orthodox case, or on orthodox principles, 20 view that they have —
21 one would say: right, well let’s have whatever expert 21 MR LORD: Oh, sorry.
22 evidence from Popov or Steadman the parties want to 22 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: — crossed the hurdle of not showing
23 adduce. Just call them and they can be cross-examined. 23 that it was because they don’t want to or because they
24 That’s what normally happens. The question is, is there 24 would prefer to go on holiday than call Mr Steadman. As
25 anything here sufficient to displace that, and I accept 25 far as I can see, if that was the question, it would be
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1 inappropriate and unfair of me to say: okay, well 1 change in circumstance. In fact, the circumstances, if
2 I support your holiday and I am going to visit the 2 anything, have changed adverse to Mr Stroilov’s clients
3 consequences on the claimants. I can’t see that I would 3 because in fact it is plain that there are funds. The
4 fairly do that. 4 premise of the application and the appeal to the Court
5 MR LORD: I understand. And in that context your Lordship 5 of Appeal was actually false.
6 will obviously recollect the letter at {I22/29/26} on 6 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I can’t remember what the resulting
7 finances. Could we have that on the screen, please? 7 balance after the withdrawal of funds was.
8 This was a letter that set out various submissions that 8 MR LORD: It’s over about €200,000, my Lord.
9 had been made by Mr Stroilov as to finances, and I ask 9 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: €200,000.
10 your Lordship to take that into account, please. 10 MR LORD: I think it is about 290,000, but there may be some
11 I don’t need to go through it all, I think. {I22/29/28} 11 tax to come off, but I don’t think it is in issue that
12 lists certain hearings where submissions were made about 12 there are well over €200,000 left in that life policy.
13 the alleged lack of finance of the defendants, they’ve 13 So your Lordship has the point about the finances,
14 been highlighted, and I think most significantly is at 14 and we ask your Lordship to look at that.
15 item {I22/29/29} at paragraph 5. At the hearing on 15 In our submission, points are made about other
16 26 November 2015, Mr Stroilov says: 16 claims upon the Arkhangelskys’ resources. That’s always
17 «Valuation, we can’t afford to pay the valuation 17 the case for litigants, they always have other claims,
18 experts.» 18 they always want to keep money back for future events.
19 Then your Lordship says, I think at page 34, line 6: 19 It doesn’t mean that there aren’t funds available at the
20 «Are there any funds presently subject to a freezing 20 moment, and there is a question of allocation of funds.
21 order of any kind in any jurisdiction which, but for 21 They found money for Mr Milner, £22,000 was found for
22 those orders, would be available to the Arkhangelskys 22 Mr Milner, but seemingly own £10,000 has been offered to
23 for funding this claim?» 23 Mr Steadman. That really tells its own tale. That
24 Mr Stroilov’s answer was: 24 really should be the end of it.
25 «No, I am afraid not. That’s the problem. There 25 There is no evidence before your Lordship that the
49
1 was one asset which was realised and utilised, and it
2 was — that’s the Bulgarian — »
3 And your Lordship said:
4 «… But that’s it, that’s the only thing?»
5 Mr Stroilov responded.
6 «That’s it, I am afraid now. Apart — there is,
7 theoretically, there is a family home —«.
8 My Lord, with the greatest of respect, that was
9 untrue.
10 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Inaccurate.
11 MR LORD: It was inaccurate, it was incorrect.
12 Paragraph 7 on {I22/29/30} — and that submission
13 has still, to my knowledge, not been withdrawn or
14 corrected — {I22/29/30} identifies the submission made
15 to the Court of Appeal, and I don’t need to repeat my
16 submissions on that. That was also incorrect.
17 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: This was before Lord Justice Elias,
18 was it?
19 MR LORD: It is, my Lord, it was the appeal from
20 your Lordship’s ruling on what appears to be
21 a re-presented application for some sort of payment on
22 account in relation to Mr Steadman and the point I am
23 making on that is your Lordship has decided that point,
24 it has been to the Court of Appeal where they refused
25 permission to appeal, and there has been no material
51
1 defendants have constructively engaged this expert to
2 see whether there could be some sort of middle ground
3 reached.
4 Telling an expert he can have £10,000 —
5 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I think it would be rash of me to
6 assume that that was the only dialogue.
7 MR LORD: My Lord, it would also not be right to note
8 that — and I think I must say this. I would just sound
9 one note of caution against findings in relation to
10 Mr Steadman. I don’t carry any brief for Mr Steadman,
11 but I must say I have a slight professional concern that
12 he is entitled — that various things are said about him
13 and his approach and what has or hasn’t passed, if you
14 like, outside of court between him and Dr Arkhangelsky
15 and Mr Stroilov without necessarily his —
16 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I think that is a very, very fair
17 point, and that’s why I asked whether the letter was to
18 me or to Dr Arkhangelsky, and I must say for my own part
19 I think that I would — if the matter proceeds as
20 I envisage it might, I would probably want, in any
21 event, to give him the opportunity to come and explain
22 more clearly for himself what the position was.
23 MR LORD: Yes. I just don’t want — if, at a subsequent
24 event, Mr Steadman arrives, all guns blazing, as it
25 were, I don’t want it to be said, that I have, if you
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1 like, I have —
2 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Professional men are entitled to
3 payment and it is very, very rare for the court to
4 override that entitlement. In fact, as a matter of fact
5 I know of no example when that has occurred.
6 MR LORD: My Lord, just to test it in this way: I don’t
7 know whether Mr Steadman, for example, has been told
8 about the life policy. I don’t know if he has been told
9 about the payment for the cross-examination of
10 Mr Millard. I don’t know if he is going to come to
11 court and be surprised and say: what’s going on, what’s
12 happening here? Why wasn’t I told about all this?
13 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: These points are well made and
14 I accept them. When I said that his letter was
15 dismissive, it was in the context of being to
16 Dr Arkhangelsky, allowing for the possibility that he
17 would have been more forthcoming had the letter been to
18 me. In case it was of assistance, I think if the matter
19 proceeds needing Mr Steadman, I would, rather than
20 immediately issue a witness summons, I would prefer it
21 if he came and told me for himself what the problems
22 were and the context in which he was operating, and
23 I would rather hope that he would wish to cooperate in
24 that because I just think that we are going to be faced
25 with a difficult situation, but he may be in even more
1 matters couldn’t have been set out in evidence, really,
2 or certainly in a way that really brooked no real query.
3 So they are very important, if there’s going to be
4 a material imposition on your Lordship’s case management
5 rulings, as it were, going to be an attempt to wrestle
6 with this, on certain bases, those should really have
7 been set out, and no lack of funding explains why they
8 haven’t been set out. They could have been set out.
9 One is left with — particularly in the light of
10 Mr Bromley-Martin’s evidence, one is left with the
11 distinct impression that the defendants do find resource
12 when they want to to cross-examine Mr Millard, but are
13 not so enthusiastic to dip into their resources to call
14 an expert where perhaps they see the writing on the
15 wall, or maybe don’t want questions to be put in and
16 about those areas to a witness. He would see the
17 transcripts, he would see what had been said by
18 Dr Arkhangelsky about his businesses, and Mr Steadman
19 may have a view, or his view may be affected by those.
20 So one can well see why, potentially, the defendants
21 might not really be as enthusiastic on getting
22 Mr Steadman into play —
23 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I think you are spreading yourself
24 rather on that. I’m not sure I could possibly conclude
25 that.
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1 difficulties, for all I know. 1 MR LORD: No, I just put that point in, my Lord, to
2 MR LORD: I suppose in terms of fairness I feel 2 the extent that your Lordship feels happy there is
3 a professional obligation — 3 sufficient evidence as to why Mr Steadman can’t take
4 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: And you are right. 4 part in the case and efforts to bring him, then that
5 MR LORD: — to sound a note of caution in the sense that he 5 obviously will be a matter that your Lordship will
6 has not been able, really, to put his side of the case. 6 obviously take into account.
7 The burden of Mr Stroilov’s submissions is that the 7 The point I think I have made is the defendants have
8 witness is asking for too much and he is not really 8 already adduced live evidence from Ms Simonova, so
9 engaging, and he has a lot of work to do, and we haven’t 9 your Lordship will have to consider whether or not —
10 heard from his side of things, and he may come along and 10 and I know we will come to that — how much weight to
11 say: that is absolute nonsense, they haven’t tried to 11 put, for example, on the evidence of witnesses who have
12 get me along at all. There have been some token 12 been cross-examined as opposed to those whose evidence
13 efforts… 13 is only going to be received on paper, and obviously it
14 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I would be very surprised if that were 14 is a matter for your Lordship ultimately whether
15 the case, but I dare say that a full explanation of all 15 your Lordship feels that your Lordship can safely decide
16 the circumstances may not have been given. 16 questions concerning Mr Popov’s opinion, and in effect
17 MR LORD: Well, it will be a matter for your Lordship to 17 finding against the defendants on a material part of
18 decide whether or not — because obviously some of these 18 the case, where Mr Popov would have — his evidence
19 matters are being covered through submissions by 19 would have gone to that issue, that’s the case.
20 Mr Stroilov today. Something as important as this 20 That, in my submission, deals with options one and
21 really should have lend itself to — 21 two.
22 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: And it’s a bad traffic jam in Nice. 22 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Against the claimants?
23 MR LORD: Yes, so some of these points really, in my 23 MR LORD: Yes, against the claimants. Sorry, did I say
24 respectful submission, there’s no justification, 24 defendants.
25 whatever the position of the parties, that these sort of 25 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: You did, but it was alligator instead
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1 of an allegation.
2 MR LORD: Sorry, there were no alligators.
3 In our submission that deals with options one and
4 two, and our submission that really it ought to come in
5 the normal way.
6 Option three, the point of the witness summons,
7 that’s really a matter for the defendants, whether they
8 witness summons an expert, and we do say whose fees they
9 could afford but they are electing not to pay, and I say
10 nothing about the appropriateness of that as a course on
11 that premise, and therefore I won’t say anything about
12 any application that there might be by the said witness.
13 My Lord, that’s one of the other unsatisfactory bits
14 of the case: that there really had been — given that
15 there is obviously some funding available, Mr Steadman
16 has obviously played a part in this case, monies have
17 been spent on litigation last year. It is
18 unsatisfactory that it has suddenly gone into a siding,
19 hit the buffers like this, and the question is should
20 that really have happened? I accept that may not be the
21 end of it, because your Lordship may say: that’s
22 happened, but how do we sort it out? We can’t get out
23 of how we have arrived at this point because that must
24 bear upon the fairness point.
25 So really, my Lord, those really, I think, are my
1 having to prepare for an entire cross-examination and
2 the cross-examination of the other side’s witness, and
3 answering discrete points such as might arise in
4 a hot-tubbing situation where you are focused by the
5 court on particular issues where it has stuck.
6 MR LORD: My Lord, I suppose there are issues that arise
7 there as to the parties, if you like, making closing
8 submissions without having necessarily all the evidence
9 having been tested.
10 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: It is not satisfactory.
11 MR LORD: Whether that is quite the right way around,
12 really, because it is — obviously the normal approach
13 would be all the evidence in, tested or not, and then
14 the parties would make their submissions on that, on the
15 evidence, and I am just —
16 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Can you identify any real prejudice,
17 given that the only thing outstanding would be this
18 aspect of expert evidence? I mean, I know your points,
19 which is that there is a crossover, and I know what
20 Mr Popov says in terms of the viability of the approach
21 espoused by Mr Steadman, its inconsistency with
22 Ms Simonova, and the unreliability of both. That’s
23 what his evidence is. I can read all that.
24 MR LORD: You can, my Lord, but obviously evidence tends to
25 come to life when a witness comes to gives it. That is
57
1 submissions. The only other issue is in terms of
2 the timing. Your Lordship I think is anticipating or
3 contemplating deciding following closing submissions
4 whether or not paper is enough for the reception of this
5 evidence. Sorry, having had written closings, or oral
6 closings as well … am I jumping ahead too far?
7 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I think the whole lot is the prima
8 facie position, but if I felt, after looking at your
9 written submissions, that really, it couldn’t fairly be
10 adjudicated without cross-examination, or at least
11 a sort of rather poor relation of hot-tubbing with
12 respect to particular questions which I had identified
13 and therefore requiring the experts to attend on a very
14 much more limited basis, and therefore on a much less
15 expensive basis, that I might, myself, issue or cause to
16 be issued a witness summons whereupon, having identified
17 the particular issues for Mr Steadman, there would be
18 less reason for him to go back into all the entrails, he
19 would only have to answer a very discrete point, or
20 series of points, and I would, on that footing, rather
21 expect him, subject to him setting aside the witness
22 summons, to have done the necessary work; do you see
23 what I mean?
24 As it seems to me, I may be wrong about this, but as
25 it seems to me presently, there is a world of difference
59
1 one of the complaints by Mr Stroilov that it is unfair
2 that Mr Popov comes to life, Mr Steadman doesn’t come to
3 life, so I would turn it the other way around.
4 Ms Simonova has come to life, more than come to life.
5 So you are going to read some paper reports of Mr Popov
6 and not see the cut and thrust and see well, actually,
7 is he really right? He’s really right about that.
8 So, your Lordship, Ms Simonova has come and gone.
9 Huge, huge weight is placed on that by Mr Stroilov.
10 In effect, in our submission, the defendants have
11 collapsed land value and business value into one of
12 the two valuers, Ms Simonova, that’s entirely their
13 prerogative. I don’t think they would agree with that,
14 but that is my submission what they have done. Our
15 evidence straddles Millard and Popov, and in that
16 situation, there is a fairness issue as to whether
17 Mr Popov is going to —
18 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Mr Stroilov has given me a squash
19 ladder of preferences. What is your squash ladder?
20 MR LORD: My Lord, the preference is that we are able to
21 call Mr Popov and tender him for cross-examination, and
22 that happens before the conclusion of the evidence in
23 this case. Then that would raise the question of: well,
24 should steps be taken to seek the attendance of
25 Mr Steadman? I’m not prepared to give that up, I’m not
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1 prepared to let that go because I don’t accept the old
2 saying: where there is a will, there’s a way. I just
3 don’t accept, I’m not accepting that we should move to
4 your Lordship’s potential solution, because that is
5 going to build in enormous delay and problems. One can
6 see time for written closings, judicial consideration,
7 then having to reconvene, regroup, get witnesses a long
8 time after the other evidence, having to drag up the
9 evidence, possibly — well, many, many months after the
10 rest of the evidence has been received, which would
11 build in its own disadvantages to the process.
12 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Right.
13 MR LORD: I accept if your Lordship feels that is the only
14 fair solution, your Lordship will go down that route,
15 but I am not accepting, really, that we are in quite
16 such an exceptional, quite such a difficult position as
17 that, and I would favour attempt to try to get the
18 business experts into play as part of the evidence in
19 the foreseeable future before we —
20 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: How long is foreseeable on that
21 footing? Play it out the other way: take it that
22 Mr Steadman is going to be in difficulties over the next
23 few weeks, so that’s what he’s said, and that there must
24 be a risk, whether or not he said it, that any witness
25 summons would be opposed, right. That all has to be
1 get them over the first hurdle, if I were to conclude
2 that, what I would have in mind in those circumstances
3 is, as I say, an incremental approach. I would complete
4 the trial in all other respects.
5 MR LORD: In the first week of May.
6 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: In the first week of May. I would
7 then consult with you as to when the proper time for
8 exchange of witness statements were. I would in the
9 meantime have some time to really grapple with the
10 competing business expertise, but also grapple with my
11 conclusions as to whether any of it is truly, in point
12 of detail, going to be relevant.
13 MR LORD: I understand.
14 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I would then let you know whether
15 I felt that oral submissions could safely take place, or
16 whether it was really requisite to grasp, at last, the
17 nettle, and determine how we were going to deal. In
18 that context I think that I would, in any event, favour,
19 although it is a rod for my own back, formulating
20 questions, if necessary with your combined assistance,
21 to put to Mr Steadman as the basis on which he would be
22 summonsed to the court, and I would require a detail in
23 that context as to his estimate of costs in that
24 respect, and if he were, I would facilitate him coming
25 to the court for any issue of a witness statement so
61 63
1 thought out. It is a novel point. It could well go on 1 that he could more fully understand all the context and
2 appeal. 2 confide in me what his position truly is.
3 We then decide that he has to turn up and he has 3 I appreciate that that would be expenditure of
4 said: fine, in order to do myself justice I have to go 4 chargeable time, but I think it could be done within,
5 through the whole lot. It’s going to take me six weeks. 5 say, an hour, and I think it wouldn’t be mandatory: it
6 I can’t do that for another six weeks, so three months 6 would just be a facility offered to him.
7 away. 7 Either I would have decided that I can deal with
8 On any footing, when you get down to practical brass 8 this without cross-examination at the end, or that I can
9 tacks, this will occasion tremendous delay unless 9 deal with it but only after limited cross-examination;
10 an incremental approach is adopted. 10 or that I need full cross-examination and that the other
11 MR LORD: I’m not sure if your Lordship is positing the 11 side have established their assets valuation to overtop
12 timescale on your Lordship’s solution. In other words, 12 your claim. There are very, very many permutations
13 I don’t know the timing when we would return to 13 which is why I say it is incremental. I think this is
14 the question of Popov/Steadman. Because it would be one 14 a pretty near intractable situation.
15 thing if it was shortly after the matter closed, it 15 MR LORD: Well, if your Lordship takes that course then we
16 would be another, in my submission, if it was a long 16 will obviously endeavour to help it along.
17 time after the matter closed. To come back to this 17 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: And at each stage I would seek to
18 evidence a long, long time after, then those would be 18 consult, if I can put it that way, with you, as to
19 very different. I’m not saying either would be the 19 the stage to which I have got and as to the viability of
20 better. 20 what I propose.
21 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I think what I have in mind, but 21 MR LORD: Yes.
22 I want to know the prejudice, if I conclude — and I am 22 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: But I think for all the reasons you
23 just going to make some sort of provisional directions 23 give, it is pretty important, this evidence. It’s one
24 today, but if I were to conclude that impecuniosity 24 of those terrible things: if it is relevant at all, it’s
25 is — well, the difficulty of funding is sufficient to 25 pretty relevant. That’s the problem.
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1 MR LORD: I understand that, my Lord, and I’ve made my
2 submissions. We will obviously engage as constructively
3 as we can.
4 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes.
5 MR LORD: I’m not going to repeat the submissions. Whether
6 we should have arrived at this point, whether we should
7 be wrestling in this way, but if we do wrestle, we will
8 obviously help with the match.
9 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: The only directions I propose to give,
10 I don’t think it is conceivable that we are going to
11 need Mr Popov next week.
12 MR LORD: No, he has been stood down, my Lord, I am afraid.
13 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: And we must simply work out when he
14 must come, if at all. I will try and write something
15 out on this, or I will give some oral judgment.
16 MR LORD: Thank you.
17 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I find the question of
18 the Arkhangelskys’ financial position not an easy one,
19 Mr Stroilov. I think that their exaggeration in
20 the past as to having to sleep on the floor and that
21 kind of thing, which is now dismissed as simply being
22 illustrative of a difficulty, was unfortunate. I do not
23 begrudge people holidays, particularly when they are
24 under severe stress. It’s not really the 10,000 that
25 concerns me, which was the cost of Guadeloupe, or
1 especially on the submissions that have been made in
2 relation to financial position, well most illustratively
3 as your Lordship has said, this rhetoric about having to
4 sleep on the floor.
5 Throughout that time, rightly or wrongly, there has
6 been the freezing order and the financial position,
7 including all the life insurance policies, has been
8 completely transparent. So, really, it wasn’t
9 a question of misrepresenting the position in any way.
10 Really it’s the facts were known to all parties. They
11 were all on the table.
12 Perhaps, I agree, really it wasn’t —
13 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I know, but the trouble is that it’s
14 not always easy for the court to distinguish between
15 careless rhetoric and careful submission.
16 MR STROILOV: Well, yes, my Lord, and that’s one of
17 the downsides of being a litigant in person, I am
18 afraid.
19 But the point I am making, and it may be understood
20 as submissions that have been made, is that really well,
21 the court has been misled, and by now we have caught
22 them lying, and that’s not true. The claimants were in
23 a position to stand up there and then and to say: well
24 no, hold on, there is a life insurance policy. They
25 knew all that at the time. So it’s not the case.
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1 Martinique, I can’t remember which, it’s the attitude or 1 Secondly, I think the point that has been made about
2 safety net which that seems to indicates, because people 2 money being spent on cross-examination of Mr Millard,
3 who only have £10,000 simply do not spend it on 3 well, it’s not a luxury: it is pretty important in
4 a holiday in Martinique, just full stop, they just don’t 4 itself, and I think it would be very — it is tempting
5 do it, or if they do do it, they cannot really ask for 5 in a way, it would be very unfair to assume that because
6 sympathy. 6 we are trying to do our best as litigants in person, we
7 So all these things trouble me. Equally, 7 don’t really need lawyers, and it’s just a luxury to
8 I appreciate the threats to this family in terms of 8 have Mr Milner here. We could have just as well done it
9 possible future proceedings. There are young children 9 ourselves, we’ve been too lazy and asked Mr Milner, it
10 involved. They are not living in a style which appears 10 is not quite how it is.
11 to be generally luxurious. There are very many 11 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I don’t think that is suggested.
12 competing factors, and I will try and iron them out. 12 MR LORD: Sorry, my Lord, I take issue with that. That was
13 I do not wish to prejudge what I think, having read 13 not suggested. I am not having my submissions
14 all these submissions and re-read. I think it is not 14 mischaracterised. They are being mischaracterised.
15 unlikely that I would decide that I simply have to adopt 15 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: No, no, don’t worry, Mr Lord. To be
16 the incremental position, but I shall be more than wary 16 honest I can quite understand why one might put first
17 if it is subsequently said that a more limited 17 the building brick of the assets as against the rather
18 engagement which I propose and think is pretty near 18 more uncertain claim of the business value. I can quite
19 inevitable cannot be afforded. 19 understand that.
20 MR STROILOV: I’m grateful, my Lord. I think I have only 20 MR STROILOV: My Lord, very briefly on the crossover,
21 a few points to make in — 21 obviously seeing in what direction you are going, and
22 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: You can, yes. 22 really that you want to consider the reports carefully
23 Submissions in reply by MR STROILOV 23 yourself, but very briefly, I think insofar as it is
24 MR STROILOV: In terms of the financial position, I think 24 suggested that Mr Popov is going to undermine
25 something that has not been stressed quite enough, is 25 Ms Simonova, well that’s exactly — if that is so, that
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1 is exactly where inequality of arms comes in. It was
2 Mr Millard’s job to undermine Ms Simonova, he has done
3 his best to do that. Having two experts on one, that is
4 unfair. So that is, insofar as he is capable of doing
5 that, that should not be allowed. Rather, I would say
6 it’s a point in my favour.
7 As far as the other points are concerned on the
8 crossover, such as Scan guarantees or City Centre, it is
9 rather putting the cart before the horse, because what
10 the expert is capable of telling your Lordship is how
11 these various factual assumptions would affect the value
12 of the business but not the other way around, and what
13 is relevant at this stage is whether these factual
14 matters are true.
15 Then finally concerning your Lordship’s point on
16 Mr Bromley-Martin’s evidence, probably it’s not
17 something you will rule on today and there will be
18 closing submissions on that, but obviously what he did
19 say is that, yes, if these payments had come to light,
20 then refinancing wouldn’t be realistic. But that,
21 I submit, is a big if, and he gave evidence as well that
22 it would be his job and he would see this to do his best
23 to keep it in the undergrowth, I think, as he said it.
24 Obviously this process of raising that loan wouldn’t
25 include cross-examination on oath, and so as likely as
1 a trial as I can secure for the parties. I would much
2 rather, if I can put it this way, set out a certain
3 course and adhere to it. I would much rather rule now
4 and forever hold my peace, but I don’t feel able to do
5 so. I wish to proceed incrementally, and for these
6 purposes I will do the following: Mr Popov has already
7 been stood out. That was on the guesstimate of whether
8 that would be necessary. That guesstimate has been
9 proved correct. We will proceed with the Russian
10 experts in accordance with the timetable you have
11 agreed.
12 We will need to discuss what impact that has on the
13 written submissions. I have explained that there will
14 then be a reading time for me, at which I will determine
15 whether oral submissions are fair or unfair, or whether
16 we have to find some slot for whatever process of
17 examination or cross-examination of the Popov/Steadman
18 evidence is required. I will read that evidence.
19 I will do my best with it. I do not feel confident that
20 I will be able to do without some limited
21 cross-examination.
22 MR STROILOV: I’m grateful, my Lord.
23 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I think Dr Arkhangelsky and
24 Mrs Arkhangelskaya need to search in their priorities as
25 to whether a more limited budget could be made available
69
1 not, Mr Arkhangelsky wouldn’t have said what he told
2 your Lordship.
3 But there will be more detailed submissions on that,
4 but I would caution against rushing to say if that is
5 really a business claim, it fails. It is slightly more
6 complex.
7 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Well, if that was so, the business
8 claim probably would fail, but what you say is, it may
9 not have emerged. I mean, I am not making any findings,
10 it would be grotesquely inappropriate for me to do so,
11 although we have reached the point of the trial when
12 I can indicate various provisional thoughts.
13 Mr Bromley-Martin said what he said. You are quite
14 right that that was on the assumption that the lenders
15 came to hear of it. The other side will say: yes, but a
16 100 million funding gap is difficult to explain with
17 people like EBRD who have a great big look at it and
18 say: right, you have spent this on infrastructure, you
19 have spent this overall, what’s the explanation for the
20 difference? There will be all sorts of enquiries I will
21 await written submissions on.
22 I don’t intend — in fact, my whole approach, I hope
23 you will understand — is not to leap to conclusions but
24 to proceed incrementally and try and see what the
25 minimum which is necessary to be done to ensure as fair
71
1 for these purposes, and whether some accommodation can
2 be reached with Mr Steadman on the strict understanding
3 that I wouldn’t expect him to answer every point, but
4 simply the points which I have identified as essential.
5 MR STROILOV: I’m grateful, my Lord.
6 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I think that’s the best I can do.
7 I am by no means saying this is what I would like to
8 happen in every case; it isn’t.
9 MR LORD: Your Lordship is, I think, suggesting we can rely
10 upon Mr Popov’s written evidence in our closings?
11 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes, you can, but just as in
12 the judgment I may say I don’t think much of Mr Popov,
13 or I do think a lot of him, there may have to be
14 an intermediate stage for me to test what I think about
15 it. I think you must face the fact that presently
16 I think that inevitable. I am thinking that I am
17 unlikely to have the skills and experience to be able,
18 without some further limited process, having identified
19 the points on which I am genuinely stuck.
20 MR STROILOV: I am grateful, my Lord. I am concerned that
21 this traffic jam seems to be a very much —
22 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Maybe he is there and we have a fixed
23 picture. Who knows. But in any event, I am comforted
24 by the fact that he has the transcript and he will be
25 comforted by the fact that I have made nothing more than
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1 limited directions and I will really consider carefully
2 this issue of affordability and choice.
3 MR STROILOV: I am grateful, my Lord.
4 I think it is about time for a 10-minute break
5 anyway. I will try to investigate what happened in
6 Nice, in the meantime.
7 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Okay.
8 MR STROILOV: Then should we address you very briefly on the
9 timing for closing submissions, or —
10 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I know through the judicial grapevine
11 that Mr Lord has various moving parts to deal with.
12 What I would propose is that you should, at a convenient
13 moment, consult and then send me a note as to your
14 preferences so that I can consider it.
15 MR LORD: Thank you, my Lord, I’m grateful for that.
16 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I know that there have been various
17 moves in your other matter, and I don’t wish to pry into
18 that, but I just know that there are possibilities which
19 may impact on your position here.
20 MR LORD: I am grateful we can do that in the way
21 your Lordship suggests. I am grateful for that.
22 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: 10 minutes.
23 (11.36 am)
24 (A short break)
25 (11.47 am)
1 identify that, please, is that your witness statement
2 for these proceedings?
3 A. Yes, this is my witness statement in these proceedings.
4 Q. And if you could turn forward, please, to {B2/18/22},
5 page 10 of the statement, page 22 in the bottom
6 right-hand corner; is that your signature there, please?
7 A. It is, indeed.
8 Q. And can you confirm that the contents of that statement
9 are true?
10 A. I can confirm that my witness statement is true.
11 MR BIRT: Thank you. Mr Stroilov will have some questions
12 for you now.
13 Cross-examination by MR STROILOV
14 MR STROILOV: Good morning, Mrs Yatvetsky. Obviously you
15 are a rather late newcomer as a witness in this case, so
16 may I ask you this: I understand that you have read the
17 witness statement of Mr Smirnov in the time you made
18 your statement, isn’t that so?
19 A. I have read it, yes.
20 Q. Have you also read the witness statement of
21 Mr Sklyarevsky?
22 A. I have read Mr Sklyarevsky’s witness statement.
23 Q. And have you read the witness statement of
24 Mrs Malysheva, prepared for the BVI proceedings?
25 A. No, I have not.
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1 MR STROILOV: My Lord, if I may just tell you, we have all
2 been deceived. Dr Arkhangelsky has been there for some
3 time and —
4 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: It’s a good disguise.
5 MR STROILOV: — he thought we could see him. I believe it
6 is being sorted out so that we see him properly, but in
7 reality he has been there for almost all the morning.
8 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: That is helpful.
9 MR STROILOV: Indeed. My Lord, should I give way so the
10 witness can be called.
11 MR BIRT: My Lord, we are going to call Mrs Yatvetsky.
12 MS ELENA VLADIMIROVNA YATVETSKY (Affirmed)
13 (All questions and answers interpreted except where
14 otherwise indicated)
15 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Thank you, do please sit down, and
16 I hope you have some water.
17 Examination-in-chief by MR BIRT
18 MR BIRT: Mrs Yatvetsky, could you please give your full
19 name to the court?
20 A. Elena Vladimirovna Yatvetsky.
21 Q. And I hope in front of you you will have your witness
22 statement. The reference is {B2/18/13}, and the English
23 translation of the statement is at {B2/18/1}, and,
24 Mrs Yatvetsky, if you could have in front of you your
25 witness statement at {B2/18/13}, and if you could
1 Q. Have you read any of the other witness statements
2 prepared in these proceedings?
3 A. No, I only read the witness statement prepared by
4 Mr Sklyarevsky and Mr Smirnov.
5 Q. Have you read the transcript of the cross-examination of
6 Mr Sklyarevsky?
7 A. I have not.
8 Q. Have you read any other transcripts of what has — of
9 the live evidence given in these proceedings?
10 A. No, I have not.
11 Q. Right. May I now ask you this: I appreciate you have
12 made your original witness statement in Russian; does
13 that mean that you have no English at all, or is it just
14 that it is not quite fluent, or how would you describe
15 your level of English?
16 A. I would say that I do not speak English at all and
17 I hardly understand any English.
18 Q. So even if I show you a very simple document without
19 a lot in it, I will have to think of how to arrange for
20 it to be interpreted; is that so?
21 A. Yes.
22 Q. Can we please look at paragraph 30 of your witness
23 statement, which is at {B2/18/7}, and the Russian
24 version will be at {B2/18/18} and {B2/18/19}. When you
25 reach the bottom of the page, scroll down.
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1 Paragraph 30. Then if you could read through
2 paragraphs 30 and 31, and then say when you have
3 finished. (Pause).
4 A. I am done, thank you.
5 Q. Thank you. And if you could now please scroll down to
6 paragraph 43 on each screen, {B2/18/21}, and in
7 the English version as well, please {B2/18/9}. Once
8 again, read through paragraph 43 and tell me when you
9 have finished. (Pause).
10 A. I am done.
11 Q. Right. So it looks, from the points you make in these
12 paragraphs, that, generally speaking, you expect to know
13 personally about each transaction involving Renord and
14 OMG assets which actually happened; is that so?
15 A. I’m not sure I understand your question.
16 Q. You seem to suggest that where a particular transaction
17 is mentioned in documents, however you don’t know about
18 it, you seem to suggest to the court that this means it
19 didn’t happen. So are you in a position to say that you
20 know personally about every transaction which Renord has
21 entered into which involved OMG assets?
22 A. I am aware of the transactions only to the extent
23 I discussed them with Mr Smirnov and Mr Sklyarevsky, and
24 to the extent that any documents were handed over to me
25 for processing.
1 not so?
2 A. By and large, yes, there may have been some details that
3 I was not involved in.
4 Q. But generally it was, in a way, within Renord it was
5 your responsibility to deal with this matter overall; is
6 that so?
7 A. Yes.
8 Q. Right. Now, your statement is obviously organised in
9 a large part by making references to the witness
10 statement of Mr Smirnov, and then confirming that you
11 agree with that and making additions which you can make.
12 I think that is a fair description, is it not?
13 A. Correct.
14 Q. Now, if you could, please, have a look at some parts of
15 the witness statement of Mr Smirnov. What I am looking
16 at is {B2/12/2}, and then the Russian version — no,
17 actually, if we could go to {B2/12/3}, and starting at
18 paragraph 14, and then scroll down in the Russian
19 version as well {B2/12/18}. Now, here Mr Smirnov is
20 discussing the structure of Renord-Invest. Unless I am
21 mistaken and have overlooked something, I don’t think
22 you, in your witness statement you endorse this
23 particular element of his evidence; is that correct?
24 The matters he is discussing in this section, starting
25 at paragraph 14 and then through to paragraph 18.
77
1 Q. Well, just take your paragraph 43. You say in the end:
2 «I have no knowledge of this transaction and can
3 confirm it did not take place.»
4 Now, which is it? Is it that you don’t know, or do
5 you know that it didn’t take place?
6 A. I know that this transaction did not take place.
7 Q. And I am just trying to establish how do you know things
8 like that. Are you suggesting that if there actually
9 was any transaction with OMG assets’ involvement with
10 Renord, you are sure you would have known about that; is
11 that fair to say?
12 A. Yes, at that point in time, had there been a transaction
13 involving Western Terminal assets, I would have been
14 aware of that.
15 Q. And does the same go to Scandinavia Insurance assets?
16 A. Yes.
17 Q. And what about the other part of Onega Terminal, LPK
18 Scandinavia assets?
19 A. With respect to Onega and LPK, I know how the sale in
20 the course of the enforcement proceedings via the court
21 bailiffs service was conducted.
22 Q. What I am trying to understand, was your involvement in
23 these matters close enough that you would expect to know
24 about any transaction with OMG assets? Whenever Renord
25 was involved, this means you were involved, or is that
79
1 Generally you have obviously read it, so is this
2 something you are not in a position to tell the court
3 about? {B2/12/19}, {B2/12/3}. (Pause).
4 A. On the whole I can confirm that I am aware of this
5 information. It is simply that when I was referring to
6 specific paragraphs in Mr Smirnov’s WS I was referring
7 to some specific things, whereas this chapter is of
8 a more general nature.
9 Now, with respect to the shareholdings in
10 Renord-Invest, I can also confirm that this is the case.
11 Q. So what is the source of your knowledge on that?
12 A. I was dealing with the constituent documents of
13 Renord-Invest.
14 Q. Well, look, for instance, at paragraph 15. I suppose
15 you can confirm, on the basis of your previous answer,
16 that, starting from March 2008, 75 per cent shareholding
17 in Renord was transferred to corporate vehicles called
18 Trak and Barrister. You can confirm that personally
19 from your personal knowledge; is that so?
20 A. Yes, I can confirm that.
21 Q. And can you personally confirm that Mr Maleev was the
22 direct 100 per cent shareholder of Barrister LLC?
23 A. Yes, so far as I can recall he held 100 per cent of
24 shares in Barrister.
25 Q. And is that something you also know from looking at the
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1 documents, at the corporate documents of Renord?
2 A. Yes, I know this based on the corporate documentation of
3 Renord.
4 Q. Now, and then Mr Smirnov says that Mr Maleev held those
5 shares on his — on Mr Smirnov’s — behalf. That is not
6 something you are in a position to confirm, is it?
7 A. I can confirm that because I was requested by Mr Smirnov
8 to get in touch with Mr Maleev to ask him that he make
9 Barrister available to us. This company used to be
10 owned by Mr Maleev and he used to hold 75 per cent in
11 Renord in the interest and on behalf and acting upon
12 instructions of Mr Smirnov.
13 Q. Was there any written arrangement to reflect that?
14 A. No. That mechanism is often used in business and
15 usually this is never committed to paper. This is not
16 recorded in any documentary form.
17 Q. Now, then in paragraph 17, you can see, and we will
18 have, I think, to scroll down the English version,
19 Mr Smirnov explains that at present he beneficially owns
20 100 per cent of Renord-Invest through his brother,
21 acting as nominee, Mr Andrea Smirnov; is that something
22 you are in a position to confirm? {B2/12/3}, {B2/12/4}.
23 A. I know that as of today the shares in Renord are held by
24 Mr Smirnov’s brother, but whether or not there is
25 an arrangement or an agreement between them, this is not
1 for and servicing the main companies within the group,
2 because very often a company within the group might have
3 its own legal department.
4 Q. Was that the same legal team as was led by Mr Ved,
5 Alexander Ved, as this court has been told before,
6 I believe? I am just trying to understand.
7 Alexander Ved, is that a name familiar to you?
8 A. I do not know him personally. I’ve heard the name. It
9 so happens that in the year 2000, I moved from
10 investment company AVK to a promotional agency, and then
11 I was dealing with legal matters in that promotional
12 marketing arm. That was before Mr Ved joined the
13 company, so I do not know him personally.
14 Q. So about what time did you stop working for the legal
15 team and started working for the promotional arm of
16 the company?
17 A. I think it was in the early 2000, or in the late 1999.
18 Q. Right. I understand that in the same period
19 Mr Smirnov — and I am talking about Mikhail Smirnov —
20 was also one of the top managers of AVK; isn’t that so?
21 A. Yes. He was the general director of the rep office of
22 AVK Tsennyje Bumaghi, in other words, AVK Securities.
23 Q. And did you know him at that time?
24 A. Well, we only met a couple of times to have some
25 documents, some protocols, signed. We knew each other.
81 83
1 something I can confirm or deny. I’m just not aware of
2 this.
3 Q. So are you aware whether Mr Andrea Smirnov is holding
4 these shares as a nominee, or for his own benefit, or is
5 it, as far as you are concerned, you simply have to go
6 by what Mr Smirnov says?
7 A. I have to go by what Mr Smirnov is saying.
8 Q. And so if Mr Andrea Smirnov is holding these shares as
9 a nominee, you have no independent knowledge as to whose
10 nominee he is; is that fair to say?
11 A. Mr Smirnov told me that he was holding those shares in
12 the interests of Mr Mikhail Smirnov.
13 Q. You know that from Mr Andrea Smirnov, or from Mr Mikhail
14 Smirnov?
15 A. I know this from Mr Mikhail Smirnov. (Pause).
16 Q. Now, I think you mention in your witness statement that
17 you used to work, prior to 2004, in the company called
18 AVK; is that correct?
19 A. Yes, that is correct, I was employed by AVK at that
20 time.
21 Q. And so I think you say you worked as part of the legal
22 team within AVK Group. Was that the legal team, so to
23 speak, common to the entire group; is that fair to say,
24 or did you work for any specific companies within AVK?
25 A. Well, in principle, it was a department that was working
1 Q. And Mr Sklyarevsky was Mr Smirnov’s deputy at that time,
2 was he not?
3 A. I cannot tell you. I’m not certain about that. He was
4 in the corporate finance department and I am not aware
5 of the structure or the hierarchy of the various
6 departments there.
7 Q. Did you know Mr Sklyarevsky at the time you worked at
8 AVK?
9 A. Yes, I did, but not more than I knew Mr Smirnov.
10 Q. And I understand that Mrs Malysheva at that time was the
11 CEO of the parent company, AVK Closed Joint-Stock
12 Company; is that correct?
13 A. So far as I can recall, she was the CEO, or the general
14 director, for a certain period of time, and it was a
15 short time, and I think after that she became chairman
16 of the board of directors.
17 Q. And did you know Mrs Malysheva at the time of your work
18 in AVK?
19 A. I did.
20 Q. Now, isn’t it right that the AVK Group also included
21 a bank called St Petersburg Bank of Reconstruction and
22 Development?
23 A. So far as I can recall, AVK Group did purchase that
24 bank, or at least it joined the group, but that happened
25 at the time where I had left the main group and I moved
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1 on to the promotional and marketing arm.
2 Q. And I think — well, you may or may not be in a position
3 to confirm that Mrs Malysheva chaired the board of
4 directors of St Petersburg Bank of Reconstruction and
5 Development, didn’t she?
6 A. I do not know. I am afraid I cannot confirm or deny
7 that.
8 Q. Can you confirm that Mr Smirnov was vice president of
9 St Petersburg Bank of Reconstruction and Development?
10 A. I cannot confirm that. I have no knowledge of this.
11 Q. And I believe a lot of your colleagues at Renord have
12 also worked with you in AVK, quite a number of top
13 managers of Renord; would that be fair?
14 A. Well, hard to say. Define «many». Vladimir Sklyarevsky
15 was with us at AVK, Mr Smirnov, and I think that’s about
16 it.
17 Q. Well, isn’t it the case that Mr Dmitry Gubko —
18 A. Yes, he also worked in AVK, Gubko, yes.
19 Q. And I believe some other witnesses have mentioned
20 Mrs Brodetskaya as one of AVK veterans at the top of
21 Renord?
22 A. I know nothing about Mrs Brodetskaya, whether she worked
23 in AVK or not. At least I never came across her there.
24 Q. And I think I hope I am not mistaken, but then I think
25 Mr Sklyarevsky has told the court that Mr Lestovkin, who
1 Q. So he was, effectively, number one official responsible
2 for regulation of financial markets in Russia; would
3 that be a fair description?
4 A. I cannot comment on his competence or on his office.
5 Q. But isn’t it the case that in that position, Mr Kostikov
6 introduced a new and rather strict code of corporate
7 governance, were you aware of that?
8 A. I haven’t analysed Mr Kostikov’s activity at that time
9 or now.
10 Q. No, but obviously you were working in that sector of
11 the economy, in the business dealing with investment.
12 That’s why I would like to — I am asking you about some
13 major events in the history of that part of the economy
14 in that period. I believe as a result of Mr Kostikov’s
15 reforms, a lot of investment companies had their
16 licences revoked in that period; isn’t that so?
17 A. I have no knowledge of that. I can’t tell you anything
18 about it.
19 Q. Isn’t it the case that Mr Kostikov’s new code of
20 corporate governance was enforced selectively against
21 major competitors of AVK?
22 A. What do you mean by Kostikov’s code of corporate
23 governance?
24 Q. What I am suggesting to you is that one of the reasons
25 why AVK was extremely successful in that period was that
85 87
1 now works as the director general of Nevskaya Management
2 Company, is another AVK veteran, isn’t he?
3 A. Yes, Mr Lestovkin worked in AVK Investment Company, but
4 he has nothing to do with Renord.
5 Q. We will come to that.
6 Now, would you agree that AVK was extremely
7 successful approximately between the year 2000 and the
8 year 2004? That’s just the time when you worked there.
9 That was an extremely successful company, was it not?
10 A. Yes, at that period of time, AVK had a huge professional
11 upsurge. As far as I remember, we were the only large
12 investment company and we were placing government bonds
13 in the market.
14 Q. Yes, and AVK is a business founded in the 1990s by
15 a gentleman called Igor Kostikov; is that correct?
16 A. Yes, that’s correct.
17 Q. Then in the year 2000, Mr Kostikov was appointed
18 the chairman of the Federal Commission on Financial
19 Markets; isn’t that right?
20 A. Yes, indeed. He was appointed as chair of that federal
21 commission.
22 Q. And that is effectively a ministerial position within
23 the Russian Government, that’s a cabinet minister
24 position, is it not?
25 A. Well, I suppose one could say so.
1 the regulator was targeting its major competitors to
2 revoke reasons in the investment market; what do you say
3 to that?
4 A. You know what, I have to say that AVK became quite well
5 known and became a major business prior to Kostikov’s
6 appointment as chair of the financial regulating
7 authority.
8 Q. Now, if we could, please, go to {D13/269/0.4}, and on
9 the other screen just {D13/269/4}, and that’s
10 an article — I think it’s — I just need to tell you
11 the date of publication. Just to avoid going around
12 this, it is an article in a publication called «Finans»
13 dated 9 April 2006, and about what is described here as
14 the collapse, or the crumbling of AVK business.
15 Now, if we go down to page 4 and 0.4 respectively,
16 I think what is suggested there in that large paragraph
17 nearer the bottom is this: that one of the reforms
18 introduced by Mr Kostikov in his governmental role was
19 the institution of so-called financial consultants; are
20 you aware of that?
21 A. No, I am not aware of it.
22 Q. Isn’t it the case that — so essentially what is
23 suggested here is that any issue of securities by any
24 market participant could only be done under — following
25 those reforms is a participation of a licensed financial
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1 consultant; do you follow?
2 A. Well, in this case we are discussing an article, as far
3 as I understand. Now, I can’t tell you whether the
4 article tells the truth or doesn’t. In general, I don’t
5 trust the press very much.
6 Q. That’s why I’m asking you, who were inside AVK at the
7 time. Isn’t it the case that AVK was one of the major
8 providers of the services of financial consultants at
9 that time?
10 A. If I remember correctly you said that the article was
11 published in 2009?
12 Q. 2006. I’m sorry, I may have misspoken.
13 A. Right, indeed. Maybe I misspoke. So you said it was
14 published in 2006. I left AVK head office at the end of
15 1999. Further on, I was not at all concerned with or
16 interested in the market of financial services.
17 Q. No, but what this article is discussing, in fairness
18 I am simply showing you my thoughts, but I am asking you
19 questions because I expect you to know about this,
20 having been within the AVK.
21 It is going into history and what it is suggesting
22 is that in the earlier period, prior to 2003/2004, it
23 was a major source of income for AVK to provide the
24 services of financial consultants. I think it was — so
25 are you saying you are not aware of that?
1 for the Financial Services Commission, the company
2 became an independent company and continued operating.
3 MR STROILOV: Could we please scroll up to pages
4 {D13/269/0.2}, {D13/169/2} respectively. If you could,
5 please — and I am sorry to exploit you like that, but
6 I see that the translation is not brilliant, so may
7 I ask you, Mrs Yatvetsky, to read in Russian the
8 paragraph starting with the words in bold
9 «Centralisation willy-nilly …», if you could read out
10 the paragraph.
11 A. On request of Mr Stroilov I am reading a quote from
12 a publication called Finans, called «AVK business of
13 Igor Kostikov is collapsing», one paragraph:
14 «Centralisation against the will. Such global staff
15 movements brought about a version of a change of
16 the actual owner of AVK. However, this version is being
17 overturned not just in the group itself. Following the
18 words of one of the former managers and also from two
19 sources in the business circles of St Petersburg, there
20 are no changes in the beneficiaries. Participants of
21 the market continue to believe that Igor Kostikov
22 continues to maintain factual control over AVK although
23 he is now vice president of the Russian Union of
24 Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, although formally he
25 is not an owner since 1998, which has, once again, been
89 91
1 A. Absolutely. I worked in AVK in its legal department and
2 dealt exclusively with corporate matters. I was not
3 concerned with or interested in global matters
4 pertaining to the firm.
5 Q. Well, it has been alleged more than once, I believe, in
6 Russia, that this institute of financial consultants
7 was, in fact, a corrupt scheme; aren’t you aware of
8 that?
9 A. No, I’m not aware of that.
10 Q. So that hiring a financial consultant from AVK was
11 effectively a way for market participants of bribing
12 Mr Kostikov, to put it crudely?
13 A. I know nothing about it.
14 Q. Well, isn’t it the case that after Mr Kostikov’s
15 dismissal from his government position in 2004, AVK
16 promptly declined and collapsed; wouldn’t that be a fair
17 description?
18 A. It is known to me that at some point in time the company
19 has, indeed, lost its position, but whether this was
20 linked with Mr Kostikov’s departure from the Financial
21 Services Commission or not, I’m not sure.
22 To be honest, I personally don’t quite see the link.
23 Once Mr Kostikov left the Financial Services Commission,
24 the company started to exist independently.
25 THE INTERPRETER: Sorry, I misspoke. Once Mr Kostikov left
1 confirmed by him to an interview he gave to Finans.»
2 Shall I carry on reading?
3 Q. No, that’s enough. What I am just suggesting to you is
4 that it was well known at the time on the Russian
5 markets that in reality, the beneficial owner of AVK is
6 still Mr Kostikov. Do you accept that?
7 A. No.
8 Q. Well, I don’t propose to argue a lot about it. What
9 I am suggesting to you is that whether these allegations
10 of corruption are true or not, the fact is that there
11 have been a lot of major controversies in Russia
12 involving AVK. Rightly or wrongly, there have been all
13 sorts of allegations of corruption made against AVK; do
14 you accept that?
15 A. No, I don’t accept it.
16 Q. Now, would you agree that, really, since a lot of people
17 involved in this case have worked together in AVK, that
18 that history of working together in AVK really creates
19 some basis for mutual trust between people like you and
20 Mrs Malysheva and Mr Smirnov, and Mr Sklyarevsky and all
21 other AVK veterans? Would you agree with that
22 description?
23 A. Yes. Our work together, that we have done together, the
24 large work that we have done together, that does bring
25 about a great degree of trust.
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1 Q. And that obviously helps the business relations between
2 various businesses you are now involved in; do you agree
3 with that?
4 A. To some extent, yes, I do agree. It is easier to do
5 business with the people you once worked with together
6 than to start anything with new partners.
7 Q. You are a bit of a mafia, aren’t you?
8 A. I don’t think that this is a correct, logical conclusion
9 that you are making.
10 Q. May I now ask you about how Renord Group is organised.
11 Firstly, Renord — I think Mr Smirnov describes Renord
12 as an investment business. It is primarily
13 an investment business; is that what you are in
14 a position to say?
15 A. Yes, indeed, it’s an investment business.
16 Q. And now if we go back to the witness statement of
17 Mr Smirnov, which will be at {B2/12/4}. I am looking at
18 paragraph 18, and I will be grateful if paragraph 18 can
19 be found in the Russian version without me departing
20 {B2/12/19}. I’m very grateful.
21 So he explains that effectively the group is
22 operating through a large number of companies and
23 special purpose vehicles. Can you see that?
24 A. Yes, I can see that.
25 Q. Now, to your knowledge — well, can you confirm that:
1 a Renord Company. You will instead see the name of
2 someone like Mrs Yatvetsky, who is actually holding it
3 as a nominee; would that be fair to say, that this is
4 a general rule for the Renord Company? That is how the
5 Renord Group is structured?
6 A. A holder or an owner of each specific company is
7 determined in connection with these following factors:
8 what is the kind of project the company is managing,
9 what is the taxation regime applicable. It depends on
10 many factors.
11 But on the whole I can admit that there is no link
12 in the register between Renord and its subsidiaries.
13 Once again, I repeat, the choice of an owner depends on
14 many factors. It is totally unnecessary for
15 Renord-Invest to be shown everywhere as the parent
16 company because, as a matter of principle, that does not
17 have any influence on anything.
18 Q. I am not suggesting that there is anything wrong with
19 that, necessarily. I am just trying to understand the
20 structure.
21 As I understand the position, there is a team of
22 some, about 35 people working for Renord, and between
23 yourselves, you hold the nominal shareholding in all
24 Renord companies, either directly or through offshore
25 vehicles; would that be correct?
93
1 that this description of the group’s modus operandi is
2 correct?
3 A. Yes, I fully confirm what is said in this paragraph.
4 Q. Now, and when he is saying a large number, about how
5 many would that be?
6 A. I never counted all the companies of the group and,
7 moreover, I don’t have knowledge of all the companies.
8 Q. Well, roughly: dozens, hundreds, thousands of companies?
9 How many?
10 A. Well, maybe dozens. I can only assume, speculate.
11 I only know the companies I deal with.
12 Q. Now, and I think it’s practically all of these companies
13 are not shown in public records as subsidiaries of
14 Renord-Invest. They are all held either by nominees on
15 behalf of Renord-Invest, or through various offshore
16 vehicles; would that be fair to say?
17 A. I didn’t quite understand your statement about what is
18 shown in the register.
19 Q. What I mean is that if you look up Renord-Invest in
20 a public database like SPARK, or in the state register
21 of corporate bodies, you won’t see that it is a parent
22 company of dozens of other companies.
23 Similarly, if you search for Khortitsa or Solo or
24 whatever, Sevzapalians, whatever Renord Company, you
25 won’t find it in the public records that this is
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1 A. I’m not one of them.
2 Q. No, but I mean generally, Renord employees, part of
3 Renord employees’ job is to act on some occasions as
4 a nominal shareholder; would that be fair?
5 A. Yes.
6 Q. And again, between yourselves, you — some 35 employees
7 of Renord — you also occupy various positions in these
8 subsidiary companies, such as director general or chief
9 accountant or whatever; is that correct?
10 A. No. This is not correct. Nobody acts as a chief
11 accountant. We have a special accounting department and
12 they look after the accounts.
13 Q. And that accounting department would look after the
14 accounts of all the Renord companies; is that fair?
15 A. Yes, that is correct.
16 Q. Whereas other employees of Renord would act as directors
17 of those various companies? Is that fair?
18 A. Yes. Some Renord employees are, indeed, directors and
19 are nominal shareholders of Renord companies.
20 Q. And when you or your colleagues occupies a position of
21 a director, it also doesn’t matter much because all the
22 decisions are taken by Renord rather than the company;
23 would that be fair?
24 A. In most cases, yes.
25 Q. So for instance, when you were the general director,
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1 I think, of Khortitsa, you were not really running the
2 business, were you? You were simply a nominal director
3 general, whereas Renord was making certain decisions and
4 carrying out certain transactions through Khortitsa for
5 whatever reasons Renord had; would that be a fair
6 summary?
7 A. As far as Khortitsa in particular is concerned,
8 political decisions were, indeed, taken by Mr Smirnov,
9 whereas Khortitsa’s project, I did take part in
10 Khortitsa’s project. Very often directors were
11 appointed, driven by the needs of the project itself.
12 Q. But generally speaking, if we come across a company
13 where all shareholders are Renord employees or Renord
14 companies, and where all directors are Renord employees,
15 it’s overwhelmingly likely that this is in fact a Renord
16 Company; would you agree with that?
17 A. I didn’t quite get it; can you repeat the question,
18 please?
19 Q. Supposing I search across databases and come across
20 company X, and it gives me shareholders — purely by way
21 of example, it names 50 per cent Mrs Yatvetsky,
22 50 per cent Mr Kalinin, and the director general is also
23 one of you.
24 Now, would I be justified in inferring that this is
25 a Renord Company?
1 A. It was a medical business.
2 Q. And what was its name? What was the name of
3 the company?
4 A. Global Telemed(?).
5 Q. And are you saying that had nothing to do with Renord?
6 A. Absolutely, in no way at all.
7 Q. Going back to how Renord works, these nomineeship
8 arrangements where, say, for instance, you hold
9 a shareholding in Khortitsa — and I am using it purely
10 as an example and trying to understand the general
11 system — so you hold shares as a nominee on behalf of
12 Renord. Are these arrangements documented in any way?
13 A. Well, one has to enter into a contract for the sale and
14 purchase of a shareholding.
15 Q. And so what you will see in the sale contract will be
16 the name of the nominal shareholder, which would be
17 either a Renord employee or a Renord Company; isn’t that
18 right?
19 A. No, it will not appear there.
20 Q. I beg your pardon?
21 A. All the arrangements are usually done orally.
22 Q. So, for example, and again, I am only using that as
23 an example simply because you are here and then there
24 was a company called Khortitsa. So, for instance, the
25 fact that you held Khortitsa on behalf of Renord rather
97
1 A. If you see a company X and you see that Yatvetsky and
2 Kalinin are shareholders and another third party is
3 director general, you cannot conclude that the company
4 belongs to Renord.
5 Q. So, really, Renord employees have their own businesses
6 in parallel to holding various companies on behalf of
7 Renord; is that possible? Is that what you are saying?
8 A. No. You said that you would search through a database
9 or register and you would see one shareholder, another
10 shareholder, et cetera. You can’t make a conclusion
11 that this is a Renord Company.
12 Q. What I am suggesting to you is that knowing that it is
13 a general practice of Renord-Invest to hold various
14 shares in various companies through its employees as
15 nominal shareholders. I am suggesting to you that then
16 the converse is also true: that if a company is owned
17 and controlled by Renord employees, it is highly likely
18 that in fact it is beneficially owned and controlled by
19 Renord; do you disagree?
20 A. I agree with the fact that Renord does, indeed, have
21 a few companies where Renord is the beneficial owner.
22 Q. Well, did you, in parallel to your work for Renord, did
23 you ever own any business of your own?
24 A. Yes, I did own my own business.
25 Q. And what was that? What was it called?
99
1 than on your own behalf, that wouldn’t be documented
2 anywhere. It’s just a matter of an oral agreement
3 between you and Mr Smirnov; is that so?
4 A. Correct. Absolutely.
5 Q. Well is there any safeguard against the possibility of
6 one of the employees suddenly saying: well, you know
7 what, it’s my company and now that it happens to hold
8 very significant assets, I know nothing about the
9 arrangement with Renord, and it’s my company. Is there
10 any safeguard against that?
11 A. No. It’s just the good faith of the parties, the
12 gentleman’s word, and the mutual respect between the
13 parties.
14 Q. So, as I understand it, Mr Smirnov says that Renord
15 exists since 2007, and there were about 35 people
16 involved in these arrangements. So in that period of
17 time, among these 35 people, would there be any
18 occasions when this word of honour was broken, or that
19 trust was abused?
20 A. No. That has never happened. A word of honour has
21 never been broken, trust has never been abused.
22 Q. Right. Thank you. (Pause).
23 My Lord, perhaps if you don’t mind, perhaps it would
24 be better to have the lunch break 10 minutes earlier and
25 to reconvene 10 minutes earlier, according to my …
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1 otherwise I risk running over 1.00 pm. 1 A. My Lord, a decision as to the extent to which
2 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: All right. What do you suggest, that 2 Renord-Invest will or will not control a project will be
3 we reconvene at 1.50? 3 driven by any risk assessment that the company will
4 MR STROILOV: I think 1.50 is fine, my Lord. 4 conduct.
5 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes, Ms Yatvetsky, you mustn’t speak 5 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Thank you.
6 about this case to anybody when you are not in 6 MR STROILOV: I wonder if I have the wrong channel. Maybe
7 the witness box. Thank you. 7 this is right.
8 (12.50 pm) 8 If we could, please, look at {D174/2906/1}, and for
9 (The Luncheon Adjournment) 9 the Russian version I think it will be … hold on.
10 (1.50 pm) 10 (Pause).
11 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I don’t know whether Dr Arkhangelsky 11 I don’t think there is a Russian version so I will
12 is there. 12 just read out. This is a printout from the
13 MR STROILOV: He is, but invisible, my Lord. 13 Renord-Invest website, so if you could just scroll down
14 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Right. 14 to page 3. I’m not sure if there is an analogous text
15 MR STROILOV: So we are all agreed that we will just assume, 15 on the Russian version of the website, but I don’t think
16 as a matter of legal fiction, that we see him, because 16 we have it in the bundle, so let me just read to you the
17 otherwise it is all right, he sees us and he hears us. 17 paragraph which I had in mind in my previous question.
18 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: All right. Very good. 18 That’s at the top of {D174/2906/3}, and what is said
19 MR STROILOV: May I — 19 there is:
20 Mrs Yatvetsky, it is a policy of Renord-Invest to 20 «One of Renord-Invest investment company main
21 invest only where you — meaning Renord — can control 21 activities is private equity investments in dynamically
22 the investee company: you don’t invest as a minority 22 developing Russian and foreign companies to create
23 investor, your policy is to exercise control; isn’t that 23 a value on its intensive growth. As a rule, we invest
24 correct? 24 only if we will be able to control (alone or together
25 A. Not quite, sir. It really depends on the specific 25 with partners) the investee company by means of having
101 103
1 project. Number one, Renord-Invest decides whether or
2 not it will invest or make an investment only if it is
3 a profitable target. If it is profitable, then they may
4 decide to invest, and then depending on the risk — and
5 they have to do some risk assessment — a decision may
6 be made as to what extent Renord-Invest will or will not
7 control a project.
8 Q. If we could, let me just show you what I mean.
9 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I think, I’m so sorry to interrupt,
10 I think for whatever reason you were overspeaking the
11 witness’s reply.
12 MR STROILOV: I beg your pardon.
13 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: That is, I think, why the
14 stenographers have marked the [draft] reply inaudible.
15 MR STROILOV: I beg your pardon, probably — I think I think
16 I understood Russian because I didn’t —
17 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Would you like to go back to
18 the answer and see how it should be completed?
19 MR STROILOV: Yes, let me see what we have in
20 the transcript, my Lord. I’m sorry.
21 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I think it is line 2 or 3 of page 100:
22 «A decision may be made as to what extent
23 Renord-Invest will or will not control a …»
24 Then you were going to go on. Can you recall in any
25 event how you would wish to continue?
1 controlling stake in its shareholders capital and/or
2 participating in the Directors Board.»
3 Perhaps for completeness let me read the next
4 paragraph just so you know what is there:
5 «In most cases, we are not interested in investments
6 in uncontrollable companies since it is rather difficult
7 to influence their development and increase its value
8 for shareholders’ benefit. In cases when a partner of
9 a joint enterprise is reliable and adds such experience
10 and competencies that successfully complement ours, or
11 participants in investment commits on a parity basis, we
12 implement a mechanism of joint management of
13 the enterprise.»
14 So is that an accurate statement of how Renord
15 operates in its investment activities to your knowledge?
16 A. By and large yes.
17 Q. So there is — I appreciate there may be exceptions, but
18 the general rule is that Renord aims to control over
19 50 per cent; is that fair?
20 A. Yes. But as you rightly pointed out, there may be
21 exceptions.
22 Q. Yes. May I now ask you about some of the people who
23 I understand either work for Renord-Invest, or I want to
24 be clearer about their position vis-a-vis Renord-Invest.
25 Mr Pavel Gavrilov is an employee of Renord, is he
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1 not?
2 A. Yes, he used to be an employee of Renord.
3 Q. And at what time did he cease to be an employee of
4 Renord, if ever?
5 A. I may be wrong, but I think it was in 2013 when the
6 project that he was working on came to a completion.
7 Q. And then there is a gentleman called Andrei Sergeevich
8 Maslennikov. Is that one of your colleagues at Renord,
9 or was he one of your colleagues at Renord?
10 A. No, Mr Maslennikov has never worked with Renord.
11 Q. Because you may or may not know it, Mr Maslennikov is
12 the gentleman who was appointed by Renord as the new
13 director general of Western Terminal after that
14 management was replaced. So where does he come from?
15 A. I’m not sure where he comes from, but I know that he was
16 nominated by Renord as the CEO of Western Terminal.
17 Q. And so presumably at that point he was remunerated for
18 that work, wasn’t he?
19 A. Definitely.
20 Q. And did Renord remunerate him out of its own hands?
21 A. I’m not sure I can answer your question. I do not know
22 what the source of the funds was to pay his
23 compensation.
24 Q. And then there is a gentleman called Igor Borisovitch
25 Chernobrovkin do you know that name?
1 Renord.
2 Q. Just a second (Pause).
3 Now, if we could, please, now go to
4 {D176-D191/2918.1T/2151}.
5 Now, I am afraid we haven’t got a Russian version
6 for this, but this is a SPARK profile for Dom Na Maloy
7 Moyke, and as you can see — well, let me just —
8 obviously you know what SPARK is, don’t you?
9 A. Yes. I’m aware of that system.
10 Q. Obviously you don’t understand English, but I suppose if
11 you can read Latin script, you will see under the «Card»
12 section that the CEO of that company is stated to be
13 Mr Chernobrovkin.
14 A. Yes, I can see that it says here Chernobrovkin,Igor
15 Borisovich.
16 Q. Then if we can scroll down, I think, one page to
17 the list of shareholders, {D176-D191/2918.1T/2152}
18 I think you can see Zao Boyarin as the present
19 shareholder, and Zao Boyarin is one of Renord companies,
20 is it not?
21 A. No, Zao Boyarin is not a Renord company.
22 Q. And then previously I think you have Razvitie
23 Sankt-Peterburga as the 100 per cent shareholder as
24 of March 2008. So Razvitie Sankt-Peterburga is a Renord
25 company, is it not?
105 107
1 A. Yes, I do know Mr Chernobrovkin and his name does sound
2 familiar to me.
3 Q. Was he a Renord employee?
4 A. No, he was not a Renord employee.
5 Q. Now, if we could, please, go again to the witness
6 statement of Mr Smirnov at {B2/12/9}. If we could find
7 paragraph 49 in the Russian version, I hope it is not
8 too difficult for the Magnum operator to find paragraph
9 numbers. {B2/12/25} Thank you very much.
10 As you can see … that will be found for you.
11 (Pause).
12 THE INTERPRETER: Mr Stroilov, this is the interpreter
13 speaking. I am afraid we can only see the second half
14 of paragraph 48.
15 MR STROILOV: I am interested in paragraph 49.
16 THE INTERPRETER: Okay, thank you.
17 MR STROILOV: As you can see here, Mr Smirnov is discussing
18 the transfer of shares in Scandinavia Insurance, and he
19 lists the companies which we call «subsequent
20 purchasers», and under (b) you have a company called Dom
21 Na Maloy Moyke. Then in paragraph 50, Mr Smirnov seems
22 to confirm that all companies except SKIF in this list
23 are in the Renord-Invest group; is that your evidence as
24 well?
25 A. Yes, all the companies apart from SKIF were owned by
1 A. It has indeed: Razvitie Sankt-Peterburga is a Renord
2 company.
3 Q. And now if you can — so obviously you can see that Zao
4 Boyarin only becomes the shareholder in February 2012.
5 Well, I am not sure you can see that, but that’s what
6 this entry says.
7 A. Well, I can take your word for it. I do not know this
8 system very well. I do not trust it very much. It does
9 generate some technical mistakes. We have come across
10 some mistakes on numerous occasions, but I think I see
11 what it says here, yes.
12 Q. I can assure you, if I was suggesting something
13 inaccurate then I would have been corrected. Then if we
14 could scroll down further one page,
15 {D176-D191/2918.1T/2153}, so in the «Management Bodies»
16 section you can see that it was the — there is
17 a section called «Persons entitled to act without
18 a warrant», and you have the name of Mr Chernobrovkin as
19 director general there, and the date when that was
20 updated in EGRUL, that’s the Unified State Register of
21 Legal Entities, according to SPARK, is 20 July 2011. So
22 it appears that at the time Dom Na Maloy Moyke was owned
23 by Razvitie St Petersburg, which you admit is a Renord
24 Company, Mr Chernobrovkin was already director general.
25 Doesn’t it follow that he was working for Renord?
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1 A. No, it does not. He was not employed by Renord.
2 Q. Now, isn’t he an employee of Baltic Fuel Company?
3 A. I am not sure I can answer that question, I am afraid.
4 I simply do not know whether he is or is not an employee
5 of that company.
6 Q. Well, do you agree that Kontur LLC is one of
7 the Baltic Fuel Company entities, one of the entities in
8 Baltic Fuel Group?
9 A. Kontur LLC is part of BTC companies, yes.
10 Q. And obviously that is controlled by Renord, isn’t it?
11 A. No. Baltic Fuel Company is a personal private
12 investment within Mr Smirnov’s personal investment
13 portfolio.
14 Q. So are you saying it has nothing to do with Renord as
15 such; it’s just another company of Mr Smirnov?
16 A. Correct. Mr Smirnov owns a shareholding in the fuel
17 company and the fuel company only reports to Mr Smirnov.
18 Renord does not analyse this company, does not look at
19 this company —
20 Q. Right.
21 A. — or at this company’s business.
22 Q. Now, can we please go back to Mr Smirnov’s witness
23 statement at {B2/12/9}, and if we could find
24 paragraph 53, it must be somewhere in the region of
25 {B2/12/25}. Thank you very much. In both cases I am
1 the assets and decided to purchase them. You see, that
2 interest was something they simply had to do because
3 after Renord-Invest understood and realised that they
4 could not find a willing, independent buyer because
5 no one was interested, obviously they started looking
6 into the possibility of using those assets for their own
7 projects, in their own business.
8 Q. Yes, but what I’m trying to understand is that by the
9 time when Nefte-Oil, or rather Renord decided to bid for
10 those assets at a public auction, by that time at least,
11 the position was Renord-Invest was interested in the
12 assets for its own purposes; would you agree with that?
13 A. Well, we were always living in hope that a final buyer
14 will actually participate in various auctions for these
15 assets, but we undertook market analysis, we talked to
16 potential purchasers, and we realised that most likely
17 nobody would participate in these public auctions and we
18 had to use our companies and then we analysed whether we
19 would be able to use these assets in our further
20 business.
21 Q. Yes, but by the time Renord-Invest decided to bid in
22 that auction by means of using Nefte-Oil, by that time
23 at least Renord was already interested in the assets for
24 its own purposes; yes or no?
25 A. Yes.
109 111
1 afraid it’s at the bottom of the page, so if you can
2 perhaps tell me when you have reached the bottom, and if
3 you, my Lord, could tell me when you have reached the
4 bottom of the English version. Well, really in
5 the English version I am — all right. {B2/12/10},
6 {B2/12/26}.
7 As you can see, Mrs Yatvetsky, here Mr Smirnov is
8 endeavouring to explain why the — what was
9 Renord-Invest’s interest in this case, and so he says
10 that Renord-Invest became interested in the assets for
11 its own projects.
12 If we could scroll down to paragraph 59. I am
13 afraid that is, again, inconvenient in terms of it being
14 at the very bottom and at the very top over the page.
15 If you could scroll down the Russian version {B2/12/27}.
16 Yes {B2/12/11}. So in explaining why Renord bought
17 Western Terminal assets through Nefte-Oil, once again
18 Mr Smirnov explains that — if we could scroll down the
19 English — yes, it is fine — he once again explains it
20 by the fact that by that time, Renord-Invest was
21 interested in those assets.
22 Is that consistent with your knowledge of
23 the events?
24 A. Well, as a matter of fact, in 53, Mr Smirnov says that
25 with time, Renord developed an interest in some of
1 Q. Right. Thank you.
2 Now, I understand that the operational control over
3 Western Terminal was secured by Renord in July 2009;
4 isn’t that so?
5 A. Operational control, yes, I suppose by July 2009, yes.
6 Q. That was when Western Terminal was taken over by
7 Sevzapalians with the assistance of the riot police.
8 A. This is when Sevzapalians was forced to turn to the law
9 enforcement authority to have access to information and
10 accounts of the Western Terminal.
11 Q. Right. Then the so-called public auction where the
12 pledge was sold to Kontur took place in September 2012,
13 isn’t that so?
14 A. Yes, in 2012, in September, indeed this is when the
15 auction took place. Well, either towards the end of
16 summer or in September. I suppose in September, yes.
17 Q. Now, wasn’t the purpose of the repo arrangement, wasn’t
18 the purpose to assist the Bank in realisation of
19 the pledge?
20 A. I can’t talk about the purposes of repo schemes and
21 arrangements. They are not known to me. All I know is
22 the fact that repo arrangement existed and no more than
23 that.
24 Q. No, what I mean is that I suppose you — no, let me
25 start again.
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1 So it follows that prior to realisation of 1 other port businesses? Quite apart from
2 the pledge, Renord had Western Terminal assets under its 2 Baltic Fuel Company, there are other port businesses
3 control for over three years, didn’t it? 3 which Renord is investing in; is that what you are
4 A. Well, control was established, you are right, 4 saying?
5 in July 2009. In September the auction took place, and 5 A. Renord has many projects, but in this case, as far as
6 yes, de facto that comes up to three years. 6 I understand, Western Terminal assets can be used in
7 Q. In those three years, was there any port business 7 different sectors. Yes, of course port business is
8 operating at Western Terminal? 8 probably the priority business, but the question is
9 A. No activity was undertaken at the Western Terminal 9 whether it was possible to use it as a port business.
10 itself as far as I know. 10 As far as I remember, one of the berths was out of order
11 Q. So are you suggesting that after Renord established 11 and wasn’t functioning and significant investment was
12 operational control, the actual port operations ceased 12 required to restore it. The second one was
13 for three years; is that what you are saying? 13 semi-dilapidated, so it’s a question of investment,
14 A. I don’t know if any port operations had existed prior 14 whether these assets could be used for port business or
15 to July 2009, but in the course of three years, when 15 not. That’s why I’m saying that Mr Smirnov was
16 Renord was in fact owning the assets, as far as I know, 16 determining himself whether, if we are finally forced to
17 there were no port operations taking place. 17 acquire this asset, whether we will be using it for port
18 Q. Well, I will be corrected if I am wrong — well — 18 business or some other business or warehousing business.
19 perhaps I shouldn’t be. Well, prior to July there was 19 That’s also questionable in terms of warehousing it,
20 a timber transshipment business operating at 20 because the railway tracks that were in
21 Western Terminal; isn’t that so? 21 the Western Terminal and that were declared by
22 A. Yes, prior to 2009 I assume, yes, there was 22 Mr Arkhangelsky to start with, they were simply missing.
23 a transshipment of timber business there, yes. 23 They were covered by concrete slabs, whereas the
24 Q. And I believe it hasn’t been suggested that at any point 24 sleepers were stacked somewhere in a pile elsewhere. So
25 prior to July 2009, while it was still under OMG 25 it was absolutely not clear what to do with that asset.
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1 control, that business ceased operating at
2 Western Terminal?
3 A. I saw Western Terminal at some point at the end
4 of July 2009, the state of affairs there, well, it’s
5 very unlikely that any business had been taking place
6 there at all.
7 Q. So to your knowledge, that remained the position for
8 years, until the sale towards the end of 2012? To
9 the best of your knowledge, it was not operating?
10 A. As far as I know, there was no business activity on
11 Western Terminal, no.
12 Q. Now, at the time Renord did become interested in
13 Western Terminal assets for its own projects, as we have
14 agreed, can you confirm that the projects which you at
15 Renord had in mind, the project was the
16 Baltic Fuel Company, was it not?
17 A. No, not necessarily at all.
18 Q. So what project did you have in mind?
19 A. I can’t tell you which of the projects was in mind
20 because Renord had several projects. Moreover, I can
21 assume that Mr Smirnov might have had his own options of
22 using these assets, in fact, before without his — he
23 was forced to be thinking of other ways of using these
24 assets because they could not be sold.
25 Q. So are you suggesting that Renord has — is involved in
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1 Q. On the railway tracks, we keep returning to that. So
2 were they missing or were they covered by concrete …?
3 A. Well, in fact they weren’t there. They weren’t there,
4 because in the place, or supposedly where they would
5 have been, all there was were concrete slabs and certain
6 kind of sections of rails were sticking up from the
7 earth and that gave rise to a guess that they might
8 have, at some point, been there. There were just
9 sections. Sections of rails, cut off or just lying
10 around.
11 Q. Isn’t that along the same lines as tramlines operate in
12 the city so that you have the concrete or whatever, the
13 pavement, and then you see rails but they don’t stick
14 out of the ground, but they are like tramways in a town;
15 is that what it was?
16 A. Well, then, in the city when there are tramlines, then
17 the trams run along these rails, but here, a priori,
18 there was no possibility of that because in some
19 sections there were no rails at all. I am just saying
20 there were sections of rails scattered about, and only
21 looking at these scattered pieces, one could have
22 assumed that a railway track once had followed
23 a particular trajectory, only if certain points would be
24 notionally connected into one line.
25 Q. Right, and so are you saying that Renord became
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1 interested in using Western Terminal for some other —
2 for some projects other than port business?
3 A. No, I am not saying that. What I said was that when
4 Renord realised that most likely these assets would not
5 be sold, it would be impossible to sell them, then of
6 course Renord had to think of how to use them, perhaps,
7 in Renord’s own activity, and one of the options would
8 have been a port business that would have been
9 considered.
10 But I’m saying that the state of those assets led to
11 many options, because whatever happened it would have
12 required investment. Whether port business was chosen
13 or warehousing business was chosen, the way the terminal
14 was at that time, and in that state of disrepair that it
15 was, it was incapable of being used for any business
16 whatsoever.
17 Q. Now, was Renord involved in any other port businesses
18 apart from Baltic Fuel Company?
19 A. As far as I know, yes, we looked at an investment
20 project. We looked at the possibility of investing in
21 Luga port construction.
22 Mr Smirnov also assisted one of his partners in
23 acquiring a fishing port in the larger St Petersburg
24 port.
25 Q. So Mr Smirnov holds an interest in the fishing port,
1 Q. Now, I think you have mentioned in your witness
2 statement, and several times today, that Renord-Invest
3 made efforts to find a third party purchaser for the OMG
4 assets, don’t you?
5 A. Yes, indeed, you are correct. Renord-Invest used quite
6 a lot of effort to try and find a third party buyer who
7 would acquire these assets.
8 Q. Now, Mr Smirnov doesn’t say a word about those alleged
9 efforts in his witness statements, does he?
10 A. I don’t remember Mr Smirnov’s witness statements in such
11 great detail, but I remembered that. In fact this is
12 exactly what was taking place. We weren’t having
13 negotiations because it never got to negotiations. It
14 all remained at the stage of preliminary discussions,
15 and once potential buyers learned about the assets that
16 were on offer, they simply lost interest.
17 Q. Now, Ms Yatvetsky, isn’t it rather odd that Mr Smirnov,
18 who allegedly carried out those negotiations, tells
19 something quite different: the burden of his evidence is
20 that Renord became interested in those assets for
21 itself, and there is no mention of third party
22 negotiations, whereas you seem to say that Renord went
23 out of its way to try and find a third party buyer and
24 failed and then was forced to make the best use of those
25 assets; don’t you see there is a discrepancy there?
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1 does he not?
2 A. No, I know nothing about that. I said that he assisted
3 one of his partners to acquire an interest in the port
4 business, the fishing port of St Petersburg.
5 Q. What do you mean «assisted one of his partners»? Can
6 you expand a little? What do you mean: gifted money, or
7 what?
8 A. I can’t expand. I simply don’t know.
9 Q. What is the source of your knowledge of the fact that
10 Mr Smirnov assisted one of his partners?
11 A. Well, as far as I remember, at some point he asked me to
12 look at possible risks for the forthcoming transaction.
13 Q. And so what was that transaction?
14 A. I don’t recall the details now. He asked me to look at
15 general risks of acquiring such port assets.
16 Q. So who was the partner of Mr Smirnov whom he assisted?
17 A. He did not name the partner at that time, and my job was
18 not to have direct communication with such a partner.
19 Q. So what did you actually do to look into the risks of
20 that proposed transaction?
21 A. I think Mr Smirnov made a risk analysis of this
22 acquisition for his partner.
23 Q. And what was your own role, Mrs Yatvetsky?
24 A. I looked at possible risks. I looked at possible legal
25 risks of acquisition of port assets.
1 A. I don’t see a discrepancy there. I will look at
2 Mr Smirnov’s witness statement, because it seems to me
3 that he did mention at some point that Renord was making
4 efforts, and once again, I will repeat that Renord
5 became interested in the assets once Renord understood
6 that it was impossible to sell them off.
7 Q. Now, you have given some evidence about the proposed
8 lease of Western Terminal assets to Gunard Enterprises
9 Limited; do you recall that? That will be starting at
10 paragraph 45 of your witness statement at {B2/18/9}, and
11 if paragraph 45 can be found in the Russian version,
12 I would be most grateful {B2/18/21}. Is that right?
13 A. I beg your pardon. Could we go back to your previous
14 question. In paragraph 61, Smirnov says that Renord was
15 hoping to find a buyer. This was just one of
16 the examples. I beg your pardon. Then we can go back
17 to Gunard’s leasing arrangements.
18 Q. All right. Don’t worry, Mrs Yatvetsky, my learned
19 friend Mr Lord will make all these points very well in
20 due course.
21 If we could now look at paragraph 45. I think you
22 have given evidence that you had some involvement in
23 drafting the Gunard lease agreement. What was that
24 involvement?
25 A. As far as I remember, I simply drew up the lease
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1 agreement with Gunard, drafted it.
2 Q. Right, and then if we could scroll down the English
3 version, I think you explain the rationale for that
4 lease agreement {B2/18/10}.
5 So if we could read — just re-read paragraphs 46
6 and 47, and 48, to refresh your recollection. (Pause)
7 {B2/18/22}.
8 A. I have read it.
9 Q. Right. It appears from your evidence that in the event
10 the assets were sub leased, the effect of that agreement
11 would be that the income would go to Gunard as opposed
12 to Western Terminal LLC. So that is really the
13 difference which this agreement would have made; isn’t
14 that fair?
15 A. No, I disagree with this. What follows from these
16 paragraphs is that income from leasing would go simply
17 to cover the costs being incurred by Renord-Invest on
18 Western Terminal.
19 Q. Indeed, but it could have been — if, say,
20 hypothetically speaking, if Western Terminal LLC leased
21 the assets directly to a tenant, the effect would have
22 been the same: there would have been cash available to
23 cover expenses. But what this agreement does is diverts
24 any potential flow of income from Western Terminal LLC
25 to Gunard. Isn’t that fair?
1 take you to the transcripts if I am challenged, but let
2 me try and summarise it in my own words. Mrs Volodina
3 told the court that at that time she discussed the
4 matter with Mrs Malysheva and Mrs Malysheva indicated
5 that the purpose of that lease was to protect the asset.
6 Can you agree that this may also have been one of
7 the purposes?
8 A. I can quite admit that from the Bank’s point of view
9 they were in fact perhaps also pursuing the idea of
10 protecting the asset. I am describing the purpose
11 pursued by Renord-Invest trying to conclude this leasing
12 agreement, which finally had never been registered, and
13 therefore it does not exist. It is not in force and
14 never has been in force.
15 Q. Now, then I think Mr Guz suggested to the court that
16 there he can see two possibilities why this lease might
17 be necessary: one was to protect the asset from any
18 potential legal action from OMG’s side, and I think you
19 have accepted that from the Bank’s point of view that
20 might be the reason. Do you agree this may have been
21 one of the purposes of that lease?
22 A. For the Bank’s part, yes, I quite admit that it might
23 have been one of the purposes of the leasing agreement,
24 but it doesn’t at all contradict the other point I was
25 making.
121 123
1 A. No, this is not correct.
2 Q. And then I am looking especially at your paragraph 48,
3 where you explain that the terms didn’t matter because
4 Gunard could have terminated the lease any moment.
5 Now, wouldn’t you agree that if Renord effectively
6 could terminate the lease any moment with the effect
7 that any sub lease would be automatically terminated,
8 then it wouldn’t —
9 A. Yes, so far quite right.
10 Q. — then in that case it wasn’t a particularly attractive
11 deal for any potential sub tenant, was it?
12 A. Well, we were looking for any sub tenants. One of
13 the conditions was that a sub tenant would be forced to
14 terminate the agreement the moment Gunard would tell
15 them that. That was one of the terms of the lease. We
16 could only look for sub lessees on these conditions
17 because this lease agreement was a forced measure. We
18 needed to earn some minimal amount of cash to cover the
19 expenses of the Western Terminal. This was not
20 a commercial purpose for us to earn money using
21 Western Terminal.
22 Q. Now, Mrs Yatvetsky, I asked several witnesses on the
23 Bank’s side about the purpose of that lease, and there
24 have been — and some of the answers suggest that the
25 purpose was quite different. In particular, well, I can
1 Q. Yes.
2 MR BIRT: My Lord, I don’t want to interrupt Mr Stroilov,
3 but he is summarising Mr Guz’s evidence. I don’t want
4 it to be thought he is giving a summary of all of
5 Mr Guz’s evidence on this point. Mr Guz said some other
6 things as well. If there is a debate, I will have to go
7 to the transcripts.
8 MR STROILOV: No, I meant to go through point by point.
9 MR BIRT: I’m sorry, on what he has called «one of
10 the reasons». I can explain what the point is —
11 MR STROILOV: I’m grateful, let’s go to {Day7/72:1}.
12 Yes, I think I see what is meant by that. I think,
13 again — should I just read out the relevant bit so that
14 it is translated for Ms Yatvetsky.
15 This is an extract from the cross-examination of
16 Mr Guz, and I think relevantly, I will read — if we
17 could scroll down one page to {Day7/73:1}. I think the
18 words Mr Guz used in that limb — in identifying that as
19 one of the possible purposes, was to protect the asset
20 in line 8, and then the question is:
21 «Question: So that was for the further protection
22 of the pledge —
23 «Answer: Yes.
24 «Question: — from any possible action taken by OMG
25 or Mr Arkhangelsky in Russian courts; is that what you
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1 are saying?
2 «Answer: By them or by other creditors, because
3 Bank of St Petersburg was not the only one creditor of
4 Mr Arkhangelsky.»
5 So, really, in that sense, I think Mr Guz identified
6 these two purposes under the protection subheading, and
7 do you have anything to say to contradict these two
8 purposes? Would you say that Mr Guz is in any way wrong
9 in this suggestion?
10 A. I cannot opine upon what Mr Guz has said. I’ve no
11 comment to offer.
12 Q. Yes, then another possible purpose, as Mr Guz explained
13 a little above, again let me just quote since I have it
14 open. So he says, starting at line 2:
15 «Answer: … if Gunard, for example, was
16 a potential buyer, this lease agreement could be the
17 part of the deal …»
18 So is that possible as well? That is to say, could
19 it be intended at that stage already that Renord would,
20 or Baltic Fuel Company, or some company controlled by
21 Mr Smirnov, would eventually acquire Western Terminal
22 assets? Isn’t that possible?
23 A. At that point in time I would have known, so I would say
24 it was not possible. I think it’s just a piece of
25 speculation on the part of Mr Guz, from what you have
1 this income.
2 But apart from that, a third party sub tenant
3 wouldn’t have ever been interested.
4 A. Well, once again, I can only reiterate that I do not
5 agree with you, sir. I think that there might have been
6 people on the market out there who would have been
7 interested. This was just one of the scenarios that we
8 were looking at in order to cover the expenses. Well,
9 it did not work, and that’s why the contract, the lease,
10 was never registered.
11 But I believe that because those assets, the port
12 assets, are such special sui generis kind of assets,
13 that was perhaps yet another reason behind that.
14 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: What’s being put to you is there would
15 be so little security that no independent sub lessee
16 would really want to take on the property, because you
17 could be thrown out at any moment by the collapse of
18 the top lease; that’s what you are putting?
19 MR STROILOV: Quite, my Lord, yes.
20 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: But you think people would still be
21 interested even though they could be summarily kicked
22 out?
23 A. What I’m saying, my Lord, is that we entered into
24 a lease between Western Terminal and Gunard. The Bank
25 would have authorised us to do that. We would have then
125 127
1 just read out, sir. 1 entered into leases with sub tenants on the
2 Q. I think he didn’t say it was anything other than that. 2 understanding that, if need be, we could terminate the
3 You see, Mrs Yatvetsky, from what you have explained 3 lease, however, this would not have happened overnight.
4 about the structure of the deal, and what would happen 4 We would have agreed on some term, some notice period,
5 to any sub lease in the event of termination, well, the 5 one, two, three months, perhaps. I believe that the
6 only way it could have possibly worked is if the assets 6 lease market is a highly compartmentalised market with
7 were sub leased to another company controlled by Renord 7 lots of different players, and that’s what we were
8 and/or Mr Smirnov to some other connected party; 8 thinking about. There may be people who might have been
9 wouldn’t you agree with that? 9 interested in finding some warehouse space, for
10 A. I’m not sure I am following your logic. Why did the 10 instance, to keep their stuff for a month, maybe half
11 last company you mentioned have to be a Renord Company? 11 a month, and that would have been sufficient for them,
12 Could you, perhaps, be more specific, or could you 12 so that’s what we were banking on.
13 perhaps split your question up into smaller, manageable 13 We needed to generate some cash flow to cover our
14 parts? 14 expenses. We were not looking to identify a large
15 Q. I’m suggesting that commercially, any outside company 15 tenant who would be sitting on that piece of property
16 would not consider becoming a sub tenant if the effect 16 for a long period of time.
17 is that at any moment Renord can unilaterally terminate 17 Also, speaking from memory, I think our thinking was
18 that sub lease; wouldn’t you agree with that? 18 that — and that was the reason why we wanted to have
19 A. No, I do not agree with that. These are totally 19 several sub leases, it’s very easy — I mean, it’s much
20 different markets and potential lessees or tenants all 20 easier to find smaller sub tenants. They are more
21 pursued different objectives. 21 amenable to compromises. They would have been fully
22 Q. So the only way the arrangements could have worked is if 22 aware that this situation might arise going forward, and
23 Renord was effectively using the terminal itself as part 23 that they would actually have to pack up and go away.
24 of its own projects, and then, as you say, derive some 24 MR STROILOV: May I?
25 income from this and potentially cover its expenses from 25 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes.
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1 MR STROILOV: Now, I think another aspect of your evidence
2 is that you say the terms of the lease agreement between
3 Western Terminal and Gunard did not matter at all: it
4 could have been anything, because it’s a lease between
5 Renord and Renord; is that a fair summary?
6 A. Correct, yes.
7 Q. So it was your choice, really, to make it 49 years and
8 20,000 per month, and that was pretty arbitrary; is that
9 what you are saying?
10 A. No. With regard to the term and the amounts and the
11 arrangements for payments, this was not something that
12 I was deciding upon. At that point of time, it was
13 really not material because had we been able to find sub
14 tenants, and had we been able to assess the amount of
15 cash flow that we would be able to generate, then the
16 terms and conditions would then be varied because we, by
17 that time, would already have received an approval on
18 the part of the Bank to enter into that lease.
19 Q. Well, you mean you would have had the Bank’s approval
20 for the sub lease, or do you mean approval for the main
21 Gunard lease? Just in your last answer, what did you
22 mean?
23 A. The head lease would have been then approved by the
24 Bank. It was actually approved. So the decision on the
25 part of the Bank had already been made, and then had we
1 received payments. We simply used the maximum possible
2 term, ie 49 years, and the minimum amount. Those terms
3 and conditions would have been varied had this contract
4 actually become viable, which it did not.
5 Q. Yes. So what seems to follow from what you are saying
6 is that the terms didn’t matter at all. You could have,
7 equally, made it a contract for 10 years or 70 years,
8 whatever, and you could have made the monthly payments
9 to be made, really, monthly, and so on. It doesn’t
10 matter, we should simply ignore that. It’s simply
11 a device to make your scheme work as opposed to a real
12 contract; is that a fair summary?
13 A. It was a tool box that we needed to have available to us
14 in order to be able to register this. So the terms and
15 conditions had to be set out in the contract because,
16 once again, we did not know how much money we were going
17 to be able to generate, or how long the potential leases
18 were going to be.
19 Q. So obviously you agree that the terms are uncommercial?
20 Would you agree that the fact that the assets were
21 encumbered by such uncommercial lease would reduce the
22 potential — the value of the pledge quite dramatically;
23 would you agree with that?
24 A. No, I disagree with you. You may recall we recently
25 discussed that in the event that we were able to find
129
1 then been able to generate some cash flow, once we were
2 sure as to how much money we were going to generate,
3 then that amount would then be set out in the contract
4 between Gunard and Western Terminal, minus cost:
5 Gunard’s costs and Renord’s costs.
6 So the already agreed contract is something that can
7 be easily varied once the agreement in principle has
8 already been received from the Bank.
9 Q. I’m just trying to understand: was it envisaged that
10 there would be some additional contract between Gunard
11 and Western Terminal for the distribution of income? Is
12 that what you are saying?
13 A. No. What I’m saying is that at the time when those
14 terms and conditions were being decided, well, I mean
15 the amount and the term, they were not important because
16 at that time we were not yet certain whether or not we
17 were able, we were going to be able to rent it out and,
18 if so, then how much money we were going to be able to
19 generate or how long the tenants were going to sit on
20 that.
21 So we took the maximum term and the minimum amount.
22 Had the sub lease payments started, Western Terminal
23 would then be receiving payment against invoices raised.
24 I mean, not at the end of the term, but earlier than
25 that they would have raised invoices and they would have
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1 the purchaser, the lease was going to be terminated and,
2 under Russian law, the termination of the head lease
3 results in the automatic termination of any sub leases,
4 therefore there would be no encumbrance at all.
5 Having said that, had we been able to identify
6 a long term lessee or tenant then, that would only work
7 for the benefit of any potential purchaser, because any
8 investor or purchaser would know how long that was going
9 to last because he needed to have some time to raise
10 investment and do other things like that. He would at
11 least be guaranteed a positive and long term cash flow.
12 Therefore, once again, this would work to his benefit,
13 if anything.
14 Q. I think it’s a slightly different point. I appreciate
15 you make the point that it was within Renord’s power to
16 remove that encumbrance at any time. Putting that on
17 one side, while the encumbrance was in place, the market
18 value of the assets was reduced most dramatically; do
19 you accept that?
20 A. There was no encumbrance.
21 Q. That’s because that was a sham contract, is it?
22 A. Because the lease was never registered.
23 Q. So do you accept that had it been registered, that
24 encumbrance would reduce the market value of the assets
25 dramatically?
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1 A. No. 1 Q. So it follows, does it not, that, really, Renord had no
2 Q. And isn’t it the case, Mrs Yatvetsky, that you could 2 right of veto over Western Terminal’s commercial
3 have drafted whatever terms you liked, but you have 3 activities?
4 chosen to put into these contracts such uncommercial 4 A. I’m not sure I understand what you mean by «veto», or
5 terms, which would result in a dramatic reduction of 5 where commercial activities of Western Terminal LLC come
6 the market value of the pledge? Isn’t that so? 6 into the picture.
7 A. No, it is not so. 7 Q. What I’m suggesting to you is that there was nothing
8 Q. And at that time, that artificial reduction of value was 8 wrong in Western Terminal taking out a loan from
9 at least one of your intentions in this plan of entering 9 Morskoy Bank without asking for Sevzapalians’
10 this lease; isn’t that right? 10 permission, because Sevzapalians was not a genuine
11 A. No. 11 shareholder.
12 Q. And the idea was that should there be a public auction 12 A. No, this is not the case. Renord, acting through
13 to realise the pledge, you could be sure that no 13 Sevzapalians, was a guarantor, as it were. It was
14 outsiders, no genuine third party, would ever bid for 14 holding the shares on the understanding that the parties
15 those assets? 15 had to comply with the terms and conditions of the repo
16 A. No, this is not the case. 16 transaction, and that does not at all mean that
17 Q. And then you also, as it was intended that, say, the 17 Mr Arkhangelsky could portray the situation in a way
18 «public sale», quote unquote, would at some time take 18 that he is the sole shareholder and the sole owner of
19 place, so what you wanted to ensure was that you don’t 19 Western Terminal, because according to the articles of
20 have to give too much credit for those assets to reduce 20 association — and he was fully aware of that — he was
21 OMG indebtedness to the Bank, do you accept that? 21 a shareholder in Western Terminal only to the extent of
22 A. By the time of the auction, there would be no 22 1 per cent.
23 lease-related encumbrance at all at this property. 23 Q. Now, we will have to disagree about that. Now isn’t it
24 Q. What I mean is that it was at that stage, at the time 24 the case that the Morskoy Bank loan was secured by
25 the lease was drafted, your intention already was to 25 a pledge of a plot of land which had nothing to do with
133 135
1 sell the assets from one Renord Company to another
2 Renord Company at gross undervalue; isn’t that so?
3 A. No. This is not the case.
4 Q. Now, may I ask you about the Morskoy Bank loan.
5 (Pause).
6 Now, I understand that the Morskoy Bank loan was
7 taken by Western Terminal from Morskoy Bank at the very
8 end of March 2009, 30 March; is that right?
9 A. Yes, that is true.
10 Q. Now, at that time, obviously Sevzapalians held shares in
11 Western Terminal pursuant to the repo arrangement; isn’t
12 that so?
13 A. Correct.
14 Q. And Renord held those shares on behalf of the Bank,
15 isn’t that right?
16 A. At that point in time, de facto Renord was holding the
17 shares on behalf of Oslo Marine Group as per the repo
18 transaction.
19 Q. Right. So, in fact, Sevzapalians was not a genuine
20 shareholder of Western Terminal LLC: it was only holding
21 the shares on trust; do you agree with that?
22 A. Correct. It was an independent owner or holder, and as
23 per the repo transaction, until such time as the loan
24 took place, it was holding the shares on behalf of
25 Oslo Marine Group.
1 Western Terminal?
2 A. The Morskoy Bank loan was secured by two pledges
3 originally. The first pledge was a pledge given by
4 Vyborg Port, and it was a gantry crane, and the value of
5 the pledge was, I think, speaking from memory, about
6 RUB 20 million, but as a result of some judicial
7 proceedings, it turned out that the CEO of Vyborg Port,
8 Mrs Lukina, had actually not executed the security
9 agreement with respect to that gantry crane and,
10 therefore, Mr Arkhangelsky had forged some pledge
11 documents to the Bank, and the second pledge was a piece
12 of land, according to the Land Registry it was owned by
13 Mrs Arkhangelskaya.
14 Q. That’s right, so putting Vyborg Port on one side, the
15 loan was at any rate secured by Mrs Arkhangelskaya’s
16 plot of land in Gatchinsky area, is that correct?
17 A. Correct. Amongst other things, after it transpired that
18 the crane had actually not been pledged as collateral.
19 Q. Did Sevzapalians seek to realise that pledge?
20 A. No, we did not try to realise this pledge or this
21 collateral because, first of all, the value of that
22 collateral compared with the total amount of the loan
23 was very small indeed, and also because at that point in
24 time, rumour had it that Mrs Arkhangelskaya and Mr
25 Arkhangelsky were thinking about a divorce, and so they
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1 decided not to enforce the collateral because that 1 looking at paragraph 27, which will be somewhere in
2 collateral was held by Mrs Arkhangelskaya, who was the 2 I think page 19 or thereabouts {B2/18/18}, so where you
3 mother of three children. 3 say:
4 Q. So it was simply out of sympathy to Mrs Arkhangelskaya 4 «I do not now recall why Nefte-Oil was tendered as
5 that Renord decided not to enforce the mortgage; is that 5 purchaser of the assets, although one possibility is
6 your evidence? 6 that this company was put forward on the basis that
7 A. Yes. That was a decision made by Mr Smirnov, out of 7 there was a possibility that it could make use of
8 compassion. 8 the assets for its own purposes in the event a third
9 MR STROILOV: My Lord, this may be a good moment for 9 party purchaser could not be found.»
10 a 10-minute break. 10 Obviously this suggests that Nefte-Oil could have
11 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: 10 minutes. 11 used Western Terminal assets for its own business; isn’t
12 (3.13 pm) 12 that so?
13 (A short break) 13 A. Well, as one of the options, it’s quite possible that it
14 (3.27 pm) 14 was being studied at that time.
15 MR STROILOV: May it please your Lordship. 15 Q. And presumably the potential use was transportation of
16 I am just waiting for your Lordship to have the 16 oil products, was it not?
17 headphones. 17 A. Well, I suppose for supplies, transport was required.
18 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Oh, I am sorry. 18 Q. And in actual fact, Western Terminal is now used for
19 MR STROILOV: Now, Mrs Yatvetsky, I think you mentioned 19 transportation of oil products, is it not?
20 a little earlier that you were personally visiting 20 A. Amongst other purposes, yes, it is used for
21 Western Terminal in 2009, didn’t you? 21 transportation of petroleum products, yes.
22 A. Yes, indeed. At some point at the end of July. 22 Q. And both Nefte-Oil and Baltic Fuel Company are
23 Q. So just to be clear, did you come actually with that 23 controlled, at any rate, by Mr Smirnov; isn’t that so?
24 party of riot police force and Sevzapalians 24 A. Baltic Fuel Company is a business where Mr Smirnov has
25 representatives when it was physically taken over? Were 25 a holding, whereas Nefte-Oil is a Renord Company and
137 139
1 you there? 1 it’s engaged in petroleum product supplies.
2 A. No. 2 Q. Now just before the break you mentioned about the
3 Q. So did you specifically visit it yourself some days 3 decision not to realise the pledge of land under
4 later; is that what you are saying? 4 Morskoy Bank loan out of compassion to
5 A. It was — well, it’s difficult for me to recall, but it 5 Mrs Arkhangelskaya. You no doubt recall that.
6 was three or four weeks later, I came to visit 6 To your knowledge, was that decision agreed between
7 Mr Maslennikov, director general. 7 Renord-Invest and the Bank?
8 Q. I see. May I ask you this: what is the business of 8 A. You mean Morskoy Bank or St Petersburg Bank?
9 Nefte-Oil? What are its business activities? 9 Q. I beg your pardon. Of course I mean
10 A. Nefte-Oil supplies oil products. 10 Bank of St Petersburg.
11 Q. And so in — obviously, and then the business of 11 A. I can’t answer this question but I imagine that
12 Baltic Fuel Company is also transportation of oil 12 Mr Smirnov would have agreed it with the Bank, but I can
13 products; isn’t that right? 13 only speculate. All I know is his final decision. Once
14 A. Baltic Fuel Company transports oil products, it 14 again, I will repeat that the value of the land plot was
15 performing bunkering of ships, it also provides services 15 so tiny that it was irrelevant.
16 for environmental protection. 16 Q. It was over $10 million, was it not?
17 Q. And so is it fair to say that Nefte-Oil and 17 A. No, not at all. The value was established in the
18 Baltic Fuel Company actually have a lot of business 18 mortgage agreement as RUB 3 million, it was established.
19 dealings between themselves? 19 At that time, this amounted to something like $90,000.
20 A. No. There is no relationship between Nefte-Oil and 20 Q. So to your knowledge, that pledge was never realised: it
21 Baltic Fuel Company. Nefte-Oil at that time had 21 still belongs to Mrs Arkhangelskaya; is that your
22 a totally different business. It was supplying fuel 22 evidence?
23 under public contracts. 23 A. Whether today this land plot belongs to
24 Q. Right, because I am looking at your witness statement. 24 Mrs Arkhangelskaya or not I do not know, but I do know
25 If we could call on the screen {B2/18/6}, and I am 25 that we did not call in the pledge.
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1 Q. Right. Now, I think some of the other witnesses have —
2 well, again, I will be challenged to be more precise if
3 necessary. I think it has been indicated to this court
4 on behalf of the Bank that in this work to realise the
5 pledges, the Bank and Renord had the strategy to unify
6 the assets so as to maximise their value. That is to
7 say you can — the Western Terminal is most valuable if
8 you have not just the pledge, but all the buildings, the
9 land, both berths in the same hands, and some steps were
10 taken to achieve that. Can you confirm that there was
11 this strategy as part of your thinking?
12 A. I can say the following: the principal asset of
13 the Western Terminal was the land plot pledged to
14 the Bank, and berth number 15, which could more or less
15 be used willy nilly. All other assets were nothing but
16 secondary assets, and in a dilapidated state.
17 On paper, for instance, there are railway lines, but
18 de facto they were not there, they were absent, so the
19 main value was the land plot and berth number 15.
20 Q. Right. If we could perhaps have a look briefly at
21 {D149/2487.1/1}, and the Russian version starts at
22 {D149/2487.1/4}. So that seems to be a letter from
23 a bailiff for the purposes of enforcement of
24 Morskoy Bank debt as against the assets of
25 Western Terminal, and you can see the assets are listed
1 the Bank and unpledged to the Bank; is that correct?
2 A. Yes, quite correct. Quite right.
3 Initially, pursuant to Russian legislation,
4 everything which is located on a land plot which had
5 been mortgaged or pledged is automatically mortgaged or
6 pledged.
7 However, de facto the mortgage was registered only
8 for the land plot and for the berth, and I think this
9 document is pursuant to a procedure whereby agreement of
10 St Petersburg Bank is being sought to agree to realise
11 a pledge which has been registered as that pledge to
12 the Bank and to that loan.
13 Q. Yes, so isn’t it the case that the purpose of buying
14 Morskoy Bank loan was to ensure a transfer of
15 Western Terminal assets pledged and, importantly,
16 unpledged, into the hands of another Renord Company?
17 A. The main objective consisted in stopping or terminating
18 bankruptcy of the Western Terminal because in case of
19 bankruptcy, the loan agreement was — because in this
20 case, the loan agreement was signed with the
21 Western Terminal itself. Given the fact that the main
22 assets of the Western Terminal were pledged to
23 Bank of St Petersburg, the remaining assets would not
24 have covered the loan for Maritime Bank, and so this
25 buyout was done so that Western Terminal would not be
141 143
1 there, and so I suppose you can see five assets are
2 listed, and I just want to be sure we are on the same
3 page. So the first two assets are the ones which you
4 have described as most valuable and these are the berths
5 SV-15 and the land plot, and then there is berth SV-16,
6 which you have described as dilapidated, and two railway
7 tracks which you say were impossible to use. So we are
8 talking about the same thing, aren’t we?
9 A. Yes, indeed.
10 Q. And if we can — yes, I think if we scroll down one page
11 on each screen, you can see at the top of the page that
12 it is indicated here that berth 15 and the land plot are
13 pledged to Bank of St Petersburg {D149/2487.1/2},
14 {D149/2487.1/5}
15 Then if we could scroll down one further page after
16 provisions of Russian law are set out {D149/2487.1/3}
17 {D149/2487.1/6} you can see what the bailiff is asking
18 here is the Bank’s consent for the realisation of all
19 assets, with the pledge of the Bank in relation to these
20 two being preserved. You can see that.
21 A. Yes, I can see it.
22 Q. So I am just trying to be clear how exactly that worked.
23 So essentially the Renord bought Morskoy Bank’s rights
24 under the loan, and then sought to enforce that loan
25 against all assets of Western Terminal, both pledged to
1 bankrupted.
2 Q. Now, I suppose Renord wouldn’t be using its own money to
3 buy that debt unless by that time, at least, it was
4 interested in the assets for its own purposes; is that
5 fair?
6 A. Renord was buying out these assets, or rather not the
7 assets. Renord was buying the debt from the Maritime
8 Bank using exclusively its own funds and taking upon
9 itself all the risk.
10 Q. Indeed. Then the position following that transaction
11 was that it became essentially a debt owed by
12 Western Terminal to its own parent company,
13 Sevzapalians; is that fair?
14 A. So this was a loan to a legal entity and it remained
15 a loan to a legal entity, notwithstanding the fact that
16 Sevzapalians was a 99 per cent shareholder of
17 the Western Terminal, the actual loan on the books
18 existed and could not have been written off for the
19 Western Terminal.
20 Q. And so it is the case that Sevzapalians proceeded to
21 pursue the enforcement proceedings against its own
22 subsidiary; in other words, despite the fact that Renord
23 controlled both Sevzapalians and Western Terminal at the
24 time, nevertheless, Sevzapalians continued to pursue the
25 enforcement proceedings in the Russian court; is that
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1 a correct summary? 1 A. De facto Western Terminal and Sevzapalians were owned by
2 A. Correct, because the action had originally been brought 2 Renord-Invest, but the debt was still there. One
3 by Morskoy Bank and there was no way to avoid 3 corporate entity, irrespective of whether it is the
4 enforcement proceedings as Sevzapalians was simply 4 subsidiary of another corporate entity or not, it cannot
5 forced to buy out the debt at the end of the day to get 5 forgive, write-off the debt, because this was going to
6 the writ of execution in order to avoid bankruptcy and 6 become a taxable event and Western Terminal at that time
7 to finalise the enforcement procedures in order to 7 was not in a position to pay that liability. It would
8 remove whatever risks might still persist there for 8 have nose-dived into a bankruptcy, because if you
9 a follow-on purchaser. Had they not finalised this, the 9 forgive a debt, this is a taxable event. You become
10 risk would remain for the follow-on purchaser that this 10 liable for tax.
11 might then recur. What they did allowed them to clear 11 Q. So are you saying that the purpose of these enforcement
12 up the assets, as it were, to make them clear of 12 proceedings was really to reduce Sevzapalians’ tax bill?
13 the debt. 13 A. If these enforcement proceedings had not been brought to
14 Q. Yes. Well, I think you are a lawyer, so I suppose I can 14 a conclusion, Western Terminal would have become liable
15 ask this question which might have been unfair on a non 15 to pay profit tax and it would not have been in
16 lawyer. So effectively, as a result of these series of 16 a position to do so. This would have resulted in
17 transactions, Nefte-Oil became a bona fide purchaser 17 a bankruptcy, in a similar way as if Sevzapalians had
18 without notice, or at least could be presented as such, 18 not purchased the debt with respect to the terminal.
19 or in Russian it’s called the dobrosovestnyi 19 Q. Well, can you explain a little further, what do you mean
20 priobretatel; was that your purpose? 20 Western Terminal would become liable to the profit tax?
21 A. Nefte-Oil became a bona fide purchaser of these assets 21 Just explain a little further what you mean.
22 as the outcome of the enforcement procedures and the 22 A. If you forgive a debt, if one corporate forgives a debt
23 realisation conducted by the court bailiffs with all the 23 to another corporate, or if you make a gift — mind you,
24 notices having been properly served, the auction did 24 in the Russian law corporates cannot make gifts — but
25 take place. It was organised and it did take place. 25 if they had forgiven the debt they would become liable.
145 147
1 Q. And obviously the court — the enforcement proceedings
2 between Sevzapalians and Western Terminal had this
3 peculiarity about them: that they were not really
4 adversarial proceedings. The both parties were
5 controlled by the same people; is that fair to say?
6 A. No, I would disagree with that.
7 Q. Well, but obviously at that time both Sevzapalians and
8 Western Terminal were controlled by Renord; isn’t that
9 so?
10 A. Correct. But the debt was still outstanding. The debt
11 was still there.
12 Q. Yes, well, the debt may have been there, but the point
13 I am making is that the enforcement proceedings were, in
14 a way — well, they were pursued by two closely
15 connected parties, by two parties controlled by the same
16 people; isn’t that a fair statement?
17 A. The enforcement proceedings are conducted by court
18 bailiffs.
19 Q. Now, it was presented — let me try once more for the
20 last time. The picture which Sevzapalians and
21 Western Terminal presented to the world was that there
22 were adversarial proceedings between two companies which
23 disagree between each other, whereas in reality, both
24 parties were controlled by the same people; isn’t that
25 a fair statement?
1 Had the debt been forgiven, they would have become
2 liable for tax and that would have been corporate tax or
3 profit tax, and this was not something that they could
4 afford paying. End of story.
5 Q. Then, of course, pursuant to these proceedings, the
6 public sale or purported public sale was organised and
7 the assets were bought by another Renord Company.
8 Now, isn’t it fair to say that this series of
9 transactions was part of the same plan? I mean, the
10 debtor is controlled by Renord, the creditor is
11 controlled by Renord, and the buyer of the assets is
12 controlled by Renord. Well, there must have been some
13 coordination between these companies. Wouldn’t you
14 agree with that?
15 A. No, I would disagree because at that point in time there
16 was no plan. We had no plan. We were acting
17 opportunistically on the basis of the situation that
18 Mr Arkhangelsky had created. There was this outstanding
19 loan of Morskoy Bank. We had to initiate enforcement
20 proceedings, as simple as that.
21 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: So it was not envisaged when these
22 proceedings were brought by the one company against its
23 subsidiary that a Renord company, a third Renord
24 company, would enter the circle; is that what you are
25 saying? It was pure happenstance that is that’s what
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1 happened; is that right?
2 A. No, this is not what I meant, my Lord. What I was
3 saying was that enforcement proceedings had to be
4 brought to a logical conclusion —
5 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Right.
6 A. — or completion. But that, the enforcement, was the
7 result of what had been done in terms of raising the
8 debt from Morskoy Bank, and so when we realised that
9 an auction had to be organised, we realised that this
10 was going to be auctioned off, together with the pledge
11 with respect to BSP, and there were not going to be any
12 bidders, or willing bidders, because the debt was well
13 in excess of the asset.
14 So then we decided to organise the auction and we
15 decided to have one of our companies step up to
16 the plate as one of the bidders, but this happened
17 opportunistically because it was the result of something
18 that had happened prior to that.
19 MR STROILOV: May I, my Lord?
20 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Yes, I am so sorry.
21 MR STROILOV: It is quite all right, my Lord, thank you.
22 Now, isn’t it the case that Nefte-Oil was the only
23 bidder in that auction?
24 A. No. I may be wrong and my memory may be failing me, but
25 I do not think — it is rather unlikely that it was the
1 scenario, let’s assume that Sevzapalians continued to
2 hold the shares of Western Terminal, and in that case,
3 the auction would have had this oddity about it: that it
4 is a debt enforced by a company against its own
5 99 per cent subsidiary. So people might have asked
6 questions about that; is that fair?
7 A. No, I would disagree with that.
8 Q. Whereas having transferred the shareholding to Altriwa
9 Limited, a Cyprus company, the way these proceedings
10 would be presented to the world is that there is one
11 company, Sevzapalians, which is totally independent of
12 Western Terminal, which is owned by some Cyprus
13 offshore — there is no connection except a historical
14 connection; isn’t that so?
15 A. Altriwa Limited was also owned by Renord and the
16 transfer of the shareholding had nothing to do with
17 enforcement proceedings.
18 Q. Well, I don’t accept that. I put it to you that the
19 purpose of transferring the shareholding at about the
20 same time as Morskoy Bank loan rights were assigned, the
21 purpose of that was precisely to make that auction look
22 honest and lawful. What do you say to that?
23 A. This was not the case. The auction would have taken
24 place even if Sevzapalians still continued to hold onto
25 those shares.
149
1 only bidder. The auction did take place consequently.
2 They were not the only bidder, by definition.
3 Q. Now, if there were any other bidders, who were they?
4 A. I think those would have been some other Renord
5 companies because Renord had to offer at least two
6 bidders for the auction to be ruled valid.
7 Q. Right. Now, the Morskoy Bank’s rights as the creditor
8 were assigned to Sevzapalians on 22 February 2011; isn’t
9 that so?
10 A. I think so. The assignment contract was entered into
11 in February 2011.
12 Q. And I think either shortly before or shortly after,
13 Sevzapalians transferred its shareholding in
14 Western Terminal to an offshore company called Altriwa
15 Limited?
16 A. Yes, some time around February, Sevzapalians transferred
17 its shareholding in Western Terminal to Altriwa Limited.
18 Q. So by the time the purported public auction took place,
19 it was not — so, again, the appearance was that it was
20 not a claim brought by Sevzapalians against its own
21 subsidiary, but it would seem to an ignorant outsider
22 that these companies were now independent of each other;
23 isn’t that fair?
24 A. I’m not sure I understood your question, sir.
25 Q. Well, supposing — let’s assume, just as a hypothetical
151
1 Q. Now, the assets, the entire assets of Western Terminal
2 were sold to Nefte-Oil for RUB 161,500; is that right?
3 A. No, 161,000 was the price of the ancillary assets,
4 speaking from memory, but the total value was, I think,
5 about RUB 6 million. The total sale price was about
6 6 million.
7 Q. Well, if we could please look at {D154/2593/1}, and the
8 Russian version starts at {D154/2593/8}. That seems to
9 be — well, what it is: the protocol setting out the
10 result of the auction, which is essentially the sale
11 contract between a company called Avrora acting on
12 behalf the federal tax service authority, and Nefte-Oil.
13 If you look at clause 1.1, you can see the list of
14 assets, and then if we can scroll down one page on both
15 {D154/2593/2}, {D154/2593/8.1} you can see in 2.1 that
16 the total price of the property is RUB 161,497.50,
17 including VAT.
18 So I think you were mistaken about the price, were
19 you not?
20 A. I think I’m not, because so far as I can recall there
21 were two protocols. There was another one because this
22 protocol lists only one railway.
23 Q. I see. So are you suggesting that the remaining — you
24 are quite right about that, and I don’t really know why.
25 There may be another one, so are you suggesting that
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1 another railway was sold as a separate lot, or what are
2 you suggesting?
3 A. Yes, speaking from memory, yes, that was the case. At
4 least I remember that there were two protocols: We have
5 Roslyakovskiy track and there was another spur which
6 were outside of the perimeter of Western Terminal.
7 Q. And to the best of your recollection, that remaining
8 railway track or tracks, because I think, again, in
9 different documents we have three or two tracks, so that
10 was sold for something substantially higher, something
11 just under 6 million; is that your recollection?
12 A. Yes, the tracks were outside of the perimeter of
13 Western Terminal and they were actually there before the
14 rupture happened. There were no tracks on that plot of
15 land, then outside of it, on that plot of land there
16 were some tracks and they obviously had some value
17 attaching to them.
18 Q. And presumably it follows what you have just told the
19 court, that whereas these railway tracks were outside
20 the perimeter, they were still owned by Western Terminal
21 LLC; is that your understanding?
22 A. Yes, the tracks were owned by Zapadny Terminal,
23 Western Terminal LLC.
24 Speaking from memory, there was a lease. They were
25 leasing the land that the track was sitting on.
1 independent?
2 A. I only reported to Mr Smirnov.
3 Q. So effectively, did he have two lawyers advising him
4 independently of each other on the same matters, or how
5 did the functions of various legal work were allocated
6 between you and Ms Guz?
7 A. There was no overlapping. We each had our own roles and
8 functions and it was up to Mr Smirnov to assign the
9 tasks between the two of us.
10 Q. To your knowledge was Ms Guz in any way involved in
11 these transactions involving Western Terminal assets?
12 A. I am really not in a position to tell you. I just do
13 not know.
14 Q. Give me a minute. There is a document I would like to
15 show you. (Pause).
16 I think I will have to come back to it later.
17 Something is being slow, my Lord, I do apologise.
18 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: That’s all right.
19 MR STROILOV: Something is being slow in my system.
20 (Pause).
21 Would you agree, Mrs Yatvetsky, that following
22 a sale such as the sale to Nefte-Oil, it takes some time
23 to register this transaction with the authorities for
24 the purposes of Land Registry and to register the new
25 ownership of the assets; would you agree with that?
153
1 Q. I see. So were you the person within Renord who was
2 working on these enforcement proceedings? Is that the
3 correct understanding?
4 A. No, I remember that at that time I was only provided
5 with documents that were required. With respect to
6 the assets of Western Terminal we were not able to
7 obtain the originals so we had to go to the Land
8 Registry to get the originals, and so we were putting
9 together the bundles that were then going to be provided
10 to the bailiffs. That was the limit of what I was —
11 that was the extent of my involvement.
12 Q. I see. Well, let me — again, there is — so who was
13 explaining to you which documents were required? Who
14 were you working with, within Renord?
15 A. It was Mr Smirnov.
16 Q. Right. Something I want to try and understand in terms
17 of Renord hierarchy, slightly deviating from
18 Western Terminal. I understand that Svetlana Guz is or
19 was the head of the legal department at that time; is
20 that right?
21 A. At this point in time she is not head of the legal
22 department, but in 2011 I think yes, she was general
23 counsel, yes.
24 Q. So what was the hierarchical interrelationship between
25 you and her? Were you reporting to her? Were you
155
1 A. Yes. Definitely. There is a certain time lag before
2 you can actually register the transaction.
3 Q. And were you involved in the — obviously that suggests
4 that following that auction where the assets were sold
5 to Nefte-Oil, there was some further work for Renord
6 lawyers; is that fair?
7 A. I mean, once the documents have been filed for
8 registration, all you have to do is sit on your hands
9 and wait until you get the certificate back.
10 Q. And how long would you expect that to take? I don’t
11 suggest you need to remember the exact, how long it
12 actually took, but generally speaking, for such a sale,
13 presumably you file documents fairly soon. Well, how
14 soon do you think the process would be completed?
15 A. Under the law, at that point in time I think the time
16 frame was 30 days, within no more than 30 days. It had
17 to be done within 30 days.
18 Q. Do you recall when exactly were the documents filed for
19 registration in the case of Nefte-Oil?
20 A. No, I don’t.
21 Q. Because it is my understanding that, in fact, as soon as
22 the transfer to Nefte-Oil was registered, Renord then
23 caused the assets to be transferred from Nefte-Oil to
24 VECTOR Invest. I think it was in terms of the time, it
25 was longer than a month: it was something like — it was
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1 in June following the auction in …
2 So can you confirm that? Did that happen
3 immediately after the registration, or was there some
4 gap of time?
5 A. I can’t tell you whether there was a delay with
6 registration. (Pause).
7 Q. I am sorry, my Lord, I am struggling with the computer
8 system. I think I am winning, but that makes it slow.
9 Sorry about that. (Pause).
10 Now, may I show you a document which I have been
11 looking for. That’s {D147/2445.1/1}, and the Russian
12 version starts at {D147/2445.1/5}. That seems to be
13 an e-mail exchange between Svetlana Guz and
14 Tatyana Kosova. I suppose it is better to look at it
15 chronologically, so if we — and obviously as e-mails go
16 you have to go bottom to top. So if you could please
17 scroll down the English version one page, and I think
18 the Russian also one page {D147/2445.1/2}
19 {D147/2445.1/6}. So in the English version it is only
20 the very top of the e-mail, you can see that it is
21 an e-mail from Svetlana Guz to Mrs Kosova on
22 2 September 2011, and if we could scroll down the
23 English screen one page {D147/2445.1/3} you can see that
24 Mrs Guz is explaining the position in relation to
25 different assets to be found in Western Terminal, and is
1 assets, yes, but that is another consequence of calling
2 in the pledge. As far as I can see from this letter,
3 the correspondence is about whether these facilities,
4 the real estate on the land plot, whether they are
5 pledged or not pledged, whether they are subject of
6 the pledge or not, this is what they are discussing.
7 From this correspondence I cannot conclude that
8 there is an objective that needs to be reached, and that
9 objective is to consolidate the facilities or the
10 items — assets.
11 This is exactly what they are trying to find out:
12 they are trying to find out whether all the assets are
13 pledged to the Bank or not. This is what I was telling
14 the court. At some point in time the Bank understood
15 that the Registry, or the person who was registering,
16 did not actually register all the real estate and all
17 the assets that were on that land plot, which was
18 violation of paragraph or article 56 of law on pledge,
19 and then the court practice had changed by that time and
20 it said that if there is no registration, no inscription
21 of that type, the mortgage can’t be registered. So this
22 is what I understand the purpose of this correspondence
23 was, this is what they were discussing.
24 MR STROILOV: I’m sorry, my Lord, something is wrong with my
25 Magnum. I can’t properly access the documents.
157 159
1 enquiring — well, as the asset is located on the plot 1 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Well, would this be a good time to
2 of land pledged to the Bank. 2 break?
3 So if you could just scan-read, you can see that she 3 MR STROILOV: Perhaps not immediately, but in five minutes
4 lists, essentially, various assets, to which if we now 4 or so it would probably be a good time.
5 could go back to pages {D147/2445.1/1} and 5 I think given the technical problem, perhaps now is
6 {D147/2445.1/5} respectively, you will see that in 6 a good time. It is not perfect logical, but
7 response, Mrs Kosova sends an opinion of some 7 probably …
8 specialist, and I think of someone called Mrs Leonteva. 8 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Are you content with that? I don’t
9 If I am not mistaken, the evidence was that that was one 9 mind waiting while you find the electronic trail, but
10 of the Bank’s lawyers, and there is an explanation, 10 I didn’t want to cause you —
11 then, as to how a mortgage would work in relation to 11 MR STROILOV: I have found it. For some reason I can’t open
12 these assets which are not formally pledged, but are 12 it, my Lord, and I don’t think — well, really it is one
13 located on the plot of land which is pledged. If you 13 document which I can as well put tomorrow.
14 could just read through. I don’t invite a very careful 14 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: It will keep until tomorrow?
15 reading, but so that you see what is being discussed. 15 MR STROILOV: Yes, it will still be as good as it is today.
16 (Pause). 16 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Very good.
17 So, Mrs Yatvetsky, really all I am suggesting to you 17 What time shall we meet tomorrow?
18 is that this discussion rather suggests that when I say 18 MR STROILOV: Well, my Lord, we have had some discussion
19 that the purpose of this series of transactions was 19 with my learned friends about this. Really, I think if
20 actually to unify pledged and unpledged assets in 20 we do a very long day there is a very tiny chance of
21 the same hands, that seems to be right. That seems to 21 finishing tomorrow, but otherwise I am well on course to
22 be what Ms Guz and Mrs Kosova are discussing here; don’t 22 finish on Monday and, really, well, following the
23 you agree? 23 afternoon, I think the chance is really very tiny of
24 A. Well, in principle we can say that one of 24 finishing tomorrow, so I would suggest 10.00 or 10.30 is
25 the objectives, amongst others, was to consolidate the 25 fine. If we proceed normally on Monday.
158 160
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1 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: I would intend to rise fairly — at
2 a regular hour tomorrow, at about 4.15/4.30, not to sit
3 late if I can avoid it.
4 MR STROILOV: My choice, my Lord, I am comfortable with
5 three regular days, even though I think the housekeeping
6 took today a little longer than expected. I am
7 comfortable with finishing on Monday and we can proceed
8 on the normal basis, 10.30 to 4.30 tomorrow. Or I can
9 make a superhuman effort and try as a sport to finish
10 tomorrow only to tell you at 5.00 pm: I’m sorry, I need
11 another half an hour.
12 MR JUSTICE HILDYARD: Let’s not engage in the sport and
13 let’s start at 10.30 am, envisage we are carrying on on
14 Monday.
15 It is very important over the time in which you are
16 not in the witness box that you do not discuss this
17 matter with anybody else. Think of other and more
18 pleasurable things.
19 10.30 am tomorrow then.
20 (4.26 pm)
21 (The court adjourned until 10.30 am on
22 Friday, 15 April 2016)
23
24
25
161
1 INDEX
2 PAGE
3 Housekeeping …………………………………..1
4 Submissions by MR STROILOV ……………………..7
5 Submissions by MR LORD …………………………22
6 Submissions in reply by MR STROILOV ……………..66
7 MS ELENA VLADIMIROVNA YATVETSKY …………………74 (Affirmed)
8 Examination-in-chief by MR BIRT …………..74
9 Cross-examination by MR STROILOV ………….75
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
162
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April 14, 2016 Day 38
A
A1/2/55 (1) 26:1 able (26) 3:2 6:14
14:20 20:20 21:3 43:21 45:5 54:6 60:20 71:4,20 72:17 103:24 111:19 129:13,14 129:15 130:1,17,17 130:18 131:14,17 131:25 132:5 154:6
absent (1) 141:18 absolute (1) 54:11 absolutely (5) 24:16 90:1 99:6 100:4
115:25
abused (2) 100:19,21 accept (26) 11:14 16:1 16:24 19:23 21:13 24:1 33:22 34:2
39:6,7 46:1,25 48:6 48:11 53:14 57:20 61:1,3,13 92:6,14 92:15 132:19,23 133:21 151:18
accepted (2) 18:9 123:19
accepting (2) 61:3,15 accepts (2) 13:5 16:22 access (3) 31:7 112:9
159:25
accommodation (1)
72:1
account (4) 33:12 49:10 50:22 56:6
accountancy (2) 33:25 36:1
accountant (3) 36:7 96:9,11
accountants (1) 34:2 accounting (2) 96:11
96:13
accounts (5) 35:18,25 96:12,14 112:10
accurate (2) 2:16 104:14
achieve (1) 141:10 acquaintance (1)
33:24 acquire (5) 30:16
115:17 118:3 119:7 125:21
acquiring (2) 117:23 118:15
acquisition (2) 118:22 118:25
act (3) 96:3,16 108:17 acting (5) 81:11,21
135:12 148:16 152:11
action (3) 123:18 124:24 145:2
activities (5) 103:21 104:15 135:3,5 138:9
activity (4) 87:8 113:9 114:10 117:7
acts (1) 96:10
actual (6) 30:12 43:23 91:16 113:12 139:18 144:17
adamant (2) 27:19 35:19
add (1) 7:17 addition (1) 9:11 additional (3) 8:17
23:13 130:10
additions (1) 79:11
address (2) 11:25 73:8 90:5 119:8 66:10 108:22 121:9 arrives (2) 30:3 52:24 31:11 69:11 B2/18/13 (2) 74:22,25
addressed (1) 16:12 allegedly (2) 23:19 appendix (1) 24:6 article (7) 88:10,12 assurance (1) 20:25 B2/18/18 (2) 76:24
addresses (1) 12:3 119:18 applicable (1) 95:9 89:2,4,10,17 assure (1) 108:12 139:2
adds (1) 104:9 alligator (1) 56:25 application (7) 8:6 159:18 attached (1) 44:16 B2/18/19 (1) 76:24
adduce (5) 32:2,4,14 alligators (1) 57:2 38:19,24 41:1 articles (1) 135:19 attaching (1) 153:17 B2/18/21 (2) 77:6
45:6 46:23 allocate (1) 12:24 50:21 51:4 57:12 artificial (1) 133:8 attempt (3) 26:9 55:5 120:12
adduced (3) 42:22 allocated (2) 14:11 applies (2) 37:19 39:7 aside (2) 14:18 58:21 61:17 B2/18/22 (2) 75:4
45:7 56:8 155:5 apply (1) 40:16 asked (9) 28:24 44:14 attend (1) 58:13 121:7
adhere (1) 71:3 allocation (1) 51:20 appointed (4) 86:17 44:17 52:17 68:9 attendance (2) 17:22 B2/18/6 (1) 138:25
adjourned (1) 161:21 allow (1) 40:6 86:20 97:11 105:12 118:11,14 122:22 60:24 B2/18/7 (1) 76:23
Adjournment (1) allowed (2) 69:5 appointment (1) 88:6 151:5 attitude (1) 66:1 B2/18/9 (2) 77:7
101:9 145:11 appreciate (6) 4:21 asking (6) 54:8 87:12 attractive (1) 122:10 120:10
adjudicated (1) 58:10 allowing (1) 53:16 64:3 66:8 76:11 89:6,18 135:9 auction (21) 26:10 back (21) 5:15 6:10
adjudication (2) 24:23 alternative (2) 21:6 104:17 132:14 142:17 111:10,22 112:11 23:22 31:14,14
26:20 48:19 apprised (1) 3:9 aspect (4) 32:15 45:21 112:15 113:5 40:10 43:4 44:24
adjustments (1) 18:13 altogether (1) 41:24 approach (15) 19:23 59:18 129:1 133:12,22 145:24 51:18 58:18 62:17
admit (5) 43:5 95:11 Altriwa (4) 150:14,17 28:10,11,15,16 aspects (1) 24:17 149:9,14,23 150:1 63:19 93:16 99:7
108:23 123:8,22 151:8,15 29:6,10 30:8 45:14 assess (3) 31:2 42:10 150:6,18 151:3,21 102:17 109:22
admitted (1) 20:12 Alvarez (2) 10:8 14:24 52:13 59:12,20 129:14 151:23 152:10 120:13,16 155:16
adopt (2) 22:16 66:15 amenable (1) 128:21 62:10 63:3 70:22 assessing (1) 35:16 156:4 157:1 156:9 158:5
adopted (2) 28:15 amorphous (2) 41:1 approaches (3) 31:9 assessment (4) 30:9 auctioned (1) 149:10 backing (1) 47:1
62:10 42:2 40:16,18 32:5 102:5 103:3 auctions (2) 111:14,17 bad (1) 54:22
adopts (1) 28:15 amount (10) 12:22 approaching (1) 1:14 asset (19) 16:14 26:9 authorised (1) 127:25 bailiff (2) 141:23
adumbrate (1) 39:12 18:20 33:13 122:18 appropriate (2) 17:20 29:23 30:1,3,22 authorities (2) 8:25 142:17
advance (1) 14:3 129:14 130:3,15,21 36:1 31:13 32:10 44:21 155:23 bailiffs (4) 78:21
advanced (1) 26:13 131:2 136:22 appropriateness (1) 50:1 115:17,25 authority (3) 88:7 145:23 146:18
adversarial (3) 15:21 amounted (1) 140:19 57:10 123:5,10,17 124:19 112:9 152:12 154:10
146:4,22 amounts (1) 129:10 approval (3) 129:17 141:12 149:13 automatic (1) 132:3 balance (5) 16:3 32:25
adverse (1) 51:2 analogous (1) 103:14 129:19,20 158:1 automatically (2) 33:4,19 51:7
advising (1) 155:3 analyse (2) 35:25 approved (2) 129:23 assets (103) 17:15 122:7 143:5 Baltic (14) 109:2,7,8
affairs (1) 114:4 109:18 129:24 18:8,10 20:18 availability (2) 8:16 109:11 114:16
affect (1) 69:11 analysed (4) 34:9 approximately (1) 24:14 25:12,15,16 20:9 115:2 117:18
Affirmed (2) 74:12 35:17 87:8 111:18 86:7 28:7,10,11 31:17 available (13) 9:18,18 125:20 138:12,14
162:7 analyses (2) 26:18 April (3) 1:1 88:13 33:3 44:16 64:11 11:18 38:25 40:17 138:18,21 139:22
afford (4) 12:24 49:17 31:11 161:22 68:17 77:14,21 40:19 49:22 51:19 139:24
57:9 148:4 analysis (10) 24:23,24 arbitrary (1) 129:8 78:13,15,18,24 57:15 71:25 81:9 bank (52) 2:1,19
affordability (1) 73:2 25:1 29:19 31:2 area (3) 35:24 38:20 100:8 110:10,17,21 121:22 131:13 27:14 28:2 84:21
affordable (1) 12:11 32:9 33:23 45:5 136:16 111:1,6,10,12,15 AVK (44) 82:18,19,22 84:21,24 85:4,9
afforded (1) 66:19 111:15 118:21 areas (1) 55:16 111:19,23 113:2,16 82:24 83:10,20,22 112:18 125:3
afraid (14) 5:19 14:9 ancillary (1) 152:3 argue (4) 15:23,23,24 114:13,22,24 115:6 83:22 84:8,11,18 127:24 129:18,24
45:21 48:6 49:25 and/or (2) 104:1 92:8 115:14 117:4,10 84:20,23 85:12,15 129:25 130:8
50:6 65:12 67:18 126:8 arguing (1) 15:15 118:15,25 119:4,7 85:18,20,23 86:2,3 133:21 134:4,6,7
85:6 106:13 107:5 Andrea (4) 81:21 82:3 arising (1) 23:25 119:15,20,25 120:5 86:6,10,14 87:21 134:14 135:9,24
109:3 110:1,13 82:8,13 Arkhangelskaya (9) 120:8 121:10,21 87:25 88:4,14 89:6 136:2,11 140:4,7,8
afternoon (1) 160:23 Andrei (1) 105:7 4:10 71:24 136:13 125:22 126:6 89:7,14,20,23 90:1 140:8,10,12 141:4
agency (1) 83:10 answer (16) 12:13 136:24 137:2,4 127:11,12,12 90:10,15 91:12,16 141:5,14,24 142:13
aggregate (1) 24:12 26:19 39:21 41:4 140:5,21,24 131:20 132:18,24 91:22 92:5,12,13 142:19 143:1,1,10
agree (31) 15:3 40:24 49:24 58:19 72:3 Arkhangelskaya’s (1) 133:15,20 134:1 92:17,18,21 143:12,14,23,24
41:8 60:13 67:12 80:15 102:18 136:15 139:5,8,11 141:6 avoid (5) 41:16 88:11 144:8 145:3 148:19
79:11 86:6 92:16 105:21 109:3 Arkhangelsky (26) 1:6 141:15,16,24,25 145:3,6 161:3 149:8 151:20 158:2
92:21 93:2,4 97:16 124:23 125:2,15 3:22 4:7,25 10:19 142:1,3,19,25 Avrora (1) 152:11 159:13,14
98:20 109:6 111:12 129:21 140:11 11:24 23:12 27:5 143:15,22,23 144:4 await (1) 70:21 Bank’s (10) 27:16
122:5 123:6,20 answering (1) 59:3 31:4 35:19 36:3 144:6,7 145:12,21 aware (16) 9:25 77:22 122:23 123:8,19,22
126:9,18,19 127:5 answers (2) 74:13 52:14,18 53:16 148:7,11 152:1,1,3 78:14 80:4 82:1,3 129:19 142:18,23
131:19,20,23 122:24 55:18 70:1 71:23 152:14 154:6 84:4 87:7 88:20,21 150:7 158:10
134:21 143:10 anticipates (1) 10:7 74:2 101:11 115:22 155:11,25 156:4,23 89:25 90:7,9 107:9 banking (1) 128:12
148:14 155:21,25 anticipating (1) 58:2 124:25 125:4 157:25 158:4,12,20 128:22 135:20 bankruptcy (5) 143:18
158:23 anxieties (1) 21:9 135:17 136:10,25 159:1,10,12,17 143:19 145:6 147:8
agreed (9) 2:24 4:22 anybody (2) 101:6 148:18 assets’ (1) 78:9 B 147:17
71:11 101:15 161:17 Arkhangelsky’s (3) assign (1) 155:8 b (2) 37:9 106:20 bankrupted (1) 144:1
114:14 128:4 130:6 anyway (3) 16:4 28:3 9:14 27:18 33:7 assigned (2) 150:8 Barrister (4) 80:18,22
B2/12/10 (1) 110:5
140:6,12 73:5 Arkhangelskys (1) 151:20 80:24 81:9
B2/12/11 (1) 110:16
agreement (20) 81:25 apart (7) 9:23 41:1 49:22 assignment (1) 150:10 based (2) 12:15 81:2
B2/12/18 (1) 79:19
100:2 120:23 121:1 50:6 106:25 115:1 Arkhangelskys’ (2) assist (3) 14:23 29:14 bases (1) 55:6
B2/12/19 (2) 80:3
121:4,10,13,23 117:18 127:2 51:16 65:18 112:18 basic (1) 34:2
93:20
122:14,17 123:12 apologies (1) 17:16 arm (3) 83:12,15 85:1 assistance (5) 14:5,21 basis (14) 10:12 12:4
B2/12/2 (1) 79:16
123:23 125:16 apologise (2) 1:8 arms (3) 7:25 8:9 69:1 53:18 63:20 112:7 20:24 40:7 42:11
B2/12/25 (2) 106:9
129:2 130:7 136:9 155:17 arose (1) 32:23 assisted (6) 34:1 58:14,15 63:21
109:25
140:18 143:9,19,20 apparent (1) 42:13 arrange (3) 4:16 6:7 117:22 118:2,5,10 80:15 92:19 104:11
B2/12/26 (1) 110:6
ahead (1) 58:6 apparently (2) 29:13 76:19 118:16 139:6 148:17 161:8
B2/12/27 (1) 110:15
aid (1) 48:10 33:3 arrangement (6) association (1) 135:20 battle (1) 8:18
B2/12/3 (3) 79:17
aims (1) 104:18 appeal (10) 2:5 8:7 81:13,25 100:9 assume (8) 52:6 68:5 bear (3) 8:17 31:22
80:3 81:22
Alexander (2) 83:5,7 9:6 50:15,19,24,25 112:17,22 134:11 94:10 101:15 57:24
B2/12/4 (2) 81:22
allegation (1) 57:1 51:4,5 62:2 arrangements (8) 99:8 113:22 114:21 becoming (1) 126:16
93:17
allegations (3) 27:6 appear (2) 34:1 99:19 99:12,21 100:16 150:25 151:1 beg (6) 99:20 102:12
B2/12/9 (2) 106:6
92:9,13 appearance (1) 112:21 120:17 assumed (1) 116:22 102:15 120:13,16
109:23
alleged (9) 24:18 150:19 126:22 129:11 assuming (1) 18:8 140:9
B2/18/1 (1) 74:23
25:12 28:4 29:17 appeared (1) 33:4 arrive (1) 30:25 assumption (1) 70:14 begrudge (1) 65:23
B2/18/10 (1) 121:4
35:23 36:3 49:13 appears (4) 50:20 arrived (2) 57:23 65:6 assumptions (3) 29:6 behalf (12) 81:5,11
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April 14, 2016 Day 38
94:15 98:6 99:11 99:25 100:1 134:14 134:17,24 141:4 152:12
believe (13) 10:3 12:16 20:14 74:5 83:6 85:11,19 87:14 90:5 91:21 113:24 127:11 128:5
belongs (3) 98:4 140:21,23 beneficial (2) 92:5
98:21 beneficially (2) 81:19
98:18 beneficiaries (1) 91:20 benefit (6) 22:3 45:3
82:4 104:8 132:7 132:12
berth (5) 141:14,19 142:5,12 143:8 berths (3) 115:10 141:9 142:4
best (10) 3:6 14:9 68:6 69:3,22 71:19 72:6 114:9 119:24 153:7
better (7) 5:3 11:24 15:10 41:15 62:20 100:24 157:14
beyond (2) 2:8 13:22 bid (3) 111:9,21
133:14 bidder (3) 149:23
150:1,2
bidders (5) 149:12,12 149:16 150:3,6
bifurcated (1) 48:8 bifurcation (1) 25:2 big (3) 22:4 69:21
70:17
bill (1) 147:12 billion (2) 25:4 46:10
Birt (21) 2:17 3:1,15 3:18 4:1,3,16,21,24 5:20 6:1,4,10,21 74:11,17,18 75:11 124:2,9 162:8
bit (6) 4:14 5:15 6:16 15:19 93:7 124:13
bits (1) 57:13 blazing (1) 52:24 board (3) 84:16 85:3
104:2 bodies (2) 94:21
108:15 bold (1) 91:8
bona (2) 145:17,21 bonds (1) 86:12 book (1) 14:7 books (1) 144:17 Borisovich (1) 107:15 Borisovitch (1) 105:24 bothered (1) 39:14 bottom (9) 21:22 75:5
76:25 88:17 110:1 110:2,4,14 157:16
bought (3) 110:16 142:23 148:7 boundaries (1) 37:7 box (3) 101:7 131:13
161:16 boxes (1) 6:19
Boyarin (4) 107:18,19 107:21 108:4
branches (1) 24:13 brass (1) 62:8 break (7) 73:4,24
100:24 137:10,13 140:2 160:2
breakdown (1) 10:7 breath (1) 41:15 bribing (1) 90:11 brick (1) 68:17 brief (1) 52:10 briefly (5) 40:9 68:20
68:23 73:8 141:20 brilliant (1) 91:6 bring (3) 28:4 56:4
92:24 briskly (1) 39:20
Brodetskaya (2) 85:20 85:22
broken (2) 100:18,21
Bromley-Martin (5)
44:8,11,15,23
70:13
Bromley-Martin’s (3)
43:24 55:10 69:16 brooked (1) 55:2 brother (2) 81:20,24 brought (6) 91:15
145:2 147:13 148:22 149:4 150:20
BSP (2) 31:18 149:11
BTC (1) 109:9 budget (1) 71:25 buffers (1) 57:19 build (2) 61:5,11 building (1) 68:17 buildings (1) 141:8 built (3) 25:14 27:23
36:3
Bulgarian (1) 50:2 bullet (1) 35:9 Bumaghi (1) 83:22 bundle (1) 103:16 bundles (1) 154:9 bunkering (1) 138:15 burden (3) 44:18 54:7
119:19 business (76) 12:25
13:20 14:11 17:13 17:14 24:1,4,10 28:13 29:10 30:8 30:12,13,15,17 31:1,3,4 32:6 35:8 35:16 36:3 43:22 46:2 60:11 61:18 63:10 68:18 69:12 70:5,7 81:14 86:14 87:11 88:5,14 91:12,19 93:1,5,12 93:13,15 97:2 98:23,24 99:1 109:21 111:7,20 113:7,20,23 114:1 114:5,10 115:7,8,9 115:14,18,18,18 117:2,8,12,13,15 118:4 138:8,9,11 138:18,22 139:11 139:24
businesses (24) 23:14 23:20 24:14,19,25 25:4,6,22 26:3,15 26:19,24 27:6,7,12 27:17,20 32:16 55:18 93:2 98:5 115:1,2 117:17
busy (1) 11:2
buy (2) 144:3 145:5 buyer (7) 111:4,13 119:6,23 120:15
125:16 148:11 buyers (1) 119:15
buying (3) 143:13 144:6,7
buyout (1) 143:25
BVI (3) 9:4,8 75:24
C
cabinet (1) 86:23 calculated (1) 19:20 calculation (2) 19:12
30:4
call (10) 8:11 41:2 46:23 48:24 55:13 60:21 74:11 106:19 138:25 140:25
called (23) 28:3 29:15 33:6 43:3 74:10 80:17 82:17 84:21 86:15 88:12 91:12 91:12 98:25 99:24 105:7,24 106:20 108:17 124:9 145:19 150:14 152:11 158:8
calling (1) 159:1 capable (3) 13:6 69:4
69:10 capacity (1) 31:7 capital (1) 104:1 Card (1) 107:11
careful (3) 48:1 67:15 158:14
carefully (4) 26:17 38:21 68:22 73:1
careless (1) 67:15 carried (1) 119:18 carry (4) 12:25 14:21
52:10 92:2 carrying (2) 97:4
161:13 cart (1) 69:9
carve-out (1) 38:17 case (83) 5:18 8:5,8
9:13 10:3 13:16,19 13:23,25 15:24 23:9 24:20 25:12 25:13,22 26:6 29:21 30:13,21 31:1,15,16,22,24 32:8 36:15,17,21 36:24 37:7,19,20 40:10,12,14,15 41:9 43:21 45:14 45:19,21 46:20 51:17 53:18 54:6 54:15 55:4 56:4,18 56:19 57:14,16 60:23 67:25 72:8 75:15 80:10 85:17 87:5,19 88:22 89:2 89:7 90:14 92:17 101:6 110:9 115:5 122:10 133:2,16 134:3 135:12,24 143:13,18,20 144:20 149:22 151:2,23 153:3 156:19
cases (4) 96:24 104:5 104:8 109:25
cash (6) 121:22 122:18 128:13 129:15 130:1 132:11
caught (1) 67:21 causation (4) 28:2 37:8,9 38:7
cause (2) 58:15 160:10
caused (2) 28:4 claim (17) 16:25 17:14 commercially (1) 149:6
156:23 17:14 19:8,11 25:3 126:15 complex (1) 70:6
caution (3) 52:9 54:5 25:5 26:2,3,11 32:6 commission (5) 86:18 complicated (1) 19:17
70:4 49:23 64:12 68:18 86:21 90:21,23 comply (1) 135:15
cease (1) 105:3 70:5,8 150:20 91:1 complying (1) 47:11
ceased (2) 113:12 claimant (1) 17:13 commits (1) 104:11 compromises (1)
114:1 claimants (12) 8:19 committed (1) 81:15 128:21
cent (13) 13:5 80:16 9:2 17:23 19:1 27:3 common (3) 22:8 31:8 computer (2) 5:22
80:22,23 81:10,20 32:3,13 42:14 49:3 82:23 157:7
97:21,22 104:19 56:22,23 67:22 communication (1) conceivable (1) 65:10
107:23 135:22 claimants’ (2) 8:22 118:18 conceivably (1) 31:21
144:16 151:5 19:8 companies (39) 17:12 concern (1) 52:11
central (4) 24:19 claimed (2) 23:21 24:4 26:25 27:1,15 28:5 concerned (11) 2:11
31:16,20 39:16 claims (3) 23:25 51:16 34:11 35:5 82:24 8:17 35:8 39:19
Centralisation (2) 91:9 51:17 83:1 87:15 93:22 48:14 69:7 72:20
91:14 clarification (1) 5:13 94:6,7,8,11,12,22 82:5 89:15 90:3
Centre (3) 32:17 33:6 classic (1) 35:11 95:24 96:8,14,17 97:7
69:8 clause (1) 152:13 96:19 97:14 98:6 concerning (2) 56:16
CEO (5) 84:11,13 clear (14) 3:9 5:22 98:14,21 103:22 69:15
105:16 107:12 15:2 18:3 28:18 104:6 106:19,22,25 concerns (2) 23:11
136:7 29:19 36:13 37:9 107:19 109:9 65:25
certain (18) 18:18 38:6 115:25 137:23 111:18 146:22 conclude (7) 55:24
25:12 32:10,24 142:22 145:11,12 148:13 149:15 62:22,24 63:1 98:3
33:11 35:24 48:9 clearer (1) 104:24 150:5,22 123:11 159:7
49:12 55:6 71:2 clearing (1) 6:7 company (89) 34:21 conclusion (5) 60:22
84:3,14 97:3,4 clearly (5) 28:14 30:6 35:4 37:7 81:9 93:8 98:10 147:14
116:5,23 130:16 37:20 48:13 52:22 82:17 83:2,10,13 149:4
156:1 clerk (3) 5:10,21 6:5 83:16 84:11,12 conclusions (3) 48:3
certainly (4) 10:3 23:2 client (1) 10:14 86:2,3,9,12 90:18 63:11 70:23
42:14 55:2 clients (4) 4:19,21 90:24 91:1,2 94:22 concrete (4) 115:23
certificate (1) 156:9 31:25 51:2 94:24 95:1,4,6,8,16 116:2,5,12
cetera (1) 98:10 cling (1) 41:9 96:22 97:12,16,20 conditions (7) 122:13
chair (2) 86:20 88:6 close (1) 78:23 97:25 98:1,3,11,16 122:16 129:16
chaired (1) 85:3 closed (3) 62:15,17 99:3,17,24 100:7,9 130:14 131:3,15
chairman (2) 84:15 84:11 101:22 103:3,20,25 135:15
86:18 closely (1) 146:14 106:20 107:12,21 conduct (1) 103:4
challenged (2) 123:1 closing (7) 7:10 26:6 107:25 108:2,24 conducted (4) 26:7
141:2 31:23 58:3 59:7 109:2,5,7,11,15,17 78:21 145:23
chance (2) 160:20,23 69:18 73:9 109:17,18,19 146:17
Chancellor (1) 5:8 closings (4) 58:5,6 114:16 115:2 confess (1) 5:2
Chancellor’s (1) 5:23 61:6 72:10 117:18 125:20,20 confide (1) 64:2
change (2) 51:1 91:15 code (3) 87:6,19,22 126:7,11,11,15 confident (1) 71:19
changed (3) 47:25 collapse (2) 88:14 134:1,2 138:12,14 confidential (3) 10:5,6
51:2 159:19 127:17 138:18,21 139:6,22 10:10
changes (1) 91:20 collapsed (2) 60:11 139:24,25 143:16 confirm (23) 75:8,10
channel (1) 103:6 90:16 144:12 148:7,22,23 78:3 80:4,10,15,18
chapter (2) 14:6 80:7 collapsing (1) 91:13 148:24 150:14 80:20,21 81:6,7,22
chargeable (1) 64:4 collateral (6) 26:10 151:4,9,11 152:11 82:1 85:3,6,8,10
charged (1) 11:4 136:18,21,22 137:1 company’s (1) 109:21 93:25 94:3 106:22
check (1) 3:15 137:2 compared (2) 9:21 114:14 141:10
checked (1) 5:2 colleagues (4) 85:11 136:22 157:2
Chernobrovkin (5) 96:20 105:8,9 compartmentalised … confirmed (1) 92:1
105:25 106:1 combined (2) 43:5 128:6 confirming (1) 79:10
107:13 108:18,24 63:20 compassion (2) 137:8 confirms (1) 44:23
Chernobrovkin,Igor … come (25) 6:10 7:9 140:4 confused (1) 18:16
107:14 45:15 51:11 52:21 compensation (1) connected (3) 116:24
chief (2) 96:8,10 53:10 54:10 56:10 105:23 126:8 146:15
children (3) 9:12 66:9 57:4 59:25 60:2,4,4 competence (1) 87:4 connection (4) 28:21
137:3 60:8 62:17 65:14 competencies (1) 95:7 151:13,14
choice (10) 15:6 36:2 69:19 86:5 97:12 104:10 consent (1) 142:18
41:3,14 43:4 48:14 97:19 105:14 108:9 competing (2) 63:10 consequence (1)
73:2 95:13 129:7 135:5 137:23 66:12 159:1
161:4 155:16 competitors (2) 87:21 consequences (1)
choose (2) 18:11 comes (6) 8:5 59:25 88:1 49:3
20:14 60:2 69:1 105:15 complain (3) 20:20,23 consequently (1)
chosen (3) 117:12,13 113:6 21:3 150:1
133:4 comfortable (2) 161:4 complaint (1) 21:11 consider (9) 18:12
Christmas (1) 39:2 161:7 complaints (1) 60:1 20:19 28:25 30:20
chronologically (1) comforted (2) 72:23 complement (1) 56:9 68:22 73:1,14
157:15 72:25 104:10 126:16
circle (1) 148:24 coming (4) 1:7 25:8,9 complete (2) 13:7 considerable (2) 11:5
circles (2) 31:14 91:19 63:24 63:3 33:2
circumstance (1) 51:1 commenced (1) 8:24 completed (2) 102:18 considerably (1) 24:12
circumstances (8) commences (1) 2:1 156:14 consideration (3)
9:16 17:21 18:24 commencing (1) 1:25 completely (3) 38:3 32:13 47:7 61:6
34:14 40:19 51:1 comment (2) 87:4 39:5 67:8 considered (1) 117:9
54:16 63:2 125:11 completeness (1) considering (1) 36:14
city (5) 32:17 33:6 commercial (3) 104:3 considers (2) 10:8
69:8 116:12,16 122:20 135:2,5 completion (2) 105:6 29:8
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April 14, 2016 Day 38
consisted (1) 143:17 consistent (3) 6:18
8:8 110:22
consolidate (2)
158:25 159:9 conspiracy (15) 23:11
23:19 24:19,23 25:3,13,18,22 26:2 28:4 29:24 31:19 31:22 32:8,9
conspire (1) 27:3 constituent (1) 80:12 construction (1)
117:21 constructively (2)
52:1 65:2
consult (3) 63:7 64:18 73:13
consultant (2) 89:1 90:10
consultants (4) 88:19 89:8,24 90:6
consultation (1) 20:2 contemplating (1)
58:3
content (3) 4:9 20:24 160:8
contents (1) 75:8 context (11) 23:17
33:25 39:10 42:1 43:19 49:5 53:15 53:22 63:18,23 64:1
continue (2) 91:21
102:25
continued (4) 91:2
144:24 151:1,24 continues (1) 91:22 contract (13) 99:13,15
127:9 130:3,6,10 131:3,7,12,15 132:21 150:10 152:11
contracts (2) 133:4 138:23
contradict (2) 123:24
125:7
contradictions (1)
29:9
control (15) 40:6 91:22 101:21,23 102:7,23 103:2,24 104:18 112:2,5 113:3,4,12 114:1
controlled (14) 98:17 98:18 109:10 125:20 126:7 139:23 144:23 146:5,8,15,24 148:10,11,12
controlling (1) 104:1 controversies (1)
92:11 convenient (1) 73:12 conventional (1)
40:16 converse (1) 98:16 cooperate (1) 53:23 coordination (1)
148:13 copy (1) 36:24
cordoned (1) 21:10 core (1) 31:6 corner (1) 75:6 corners (1) 6:15 corporate (17) 26:8
26:14 27:2 80:17 81:1,2 84:4 87:6,20 87:22 90:2 94:21
147:3,4,22,23
148:2
corporates (1) 147:24 correct (31) 4:7 71:9 79:13,23 82:18,19 84:12 86:15,16
93:8 94:2 95:25 96:9,10,15 100:4 101:24 109:16 119:5 122:1 129:6 134:13,22 136:16 136:17 143:1,2 145:1,2 146:10 154:3
corrected (3) 50:14
108:13 113:18
correctly (2) 39:6
89:10
correspondence (3)
159:3,7,22 corrupt (1) 90:7 corruption (2) 92:10
92:13
cost (2) 65:25 130:4 costs (7) 9:4,8 22:2
63:23 121:17 130:5 130:5
counsel (1) 154:23 count (1) 17:3 counted (1) 94:6 counterclaim (18)
18:17 22:19 23:3,6 23:11,18 24:7,9,11 24:24 26:13 28:1 31:15 32:1 35:17 36:11 42:15 46:10
Counterclaimant (1)
23:13 counterclaimants (3)
18:15 27:5,9
countervailing (1)
46:19 couple (1) 83:24
course (20) 6:5,24 13:8 17:9 18:4 21:18,21 30:19 45:20 57:10 64:15 71:3 78:20 113:15 115:7 117:6 120:20 140:9 148:5 160:21
court (54) 1:23 3:20 3:21 5:6,9,22 6:22 10:1,2,17 11:1,7 12:8 13:18 14:6,21 14:23 15:18 20:2 26:17,17 32:12 38:18,21 43:13 46:2 50:15,24 51:4 52:14 53:3,11 59:5 63:22,25 67:14,21 74:19 77:18 78:20 80:2 83:5 85:25 123:3,15 141:3 144:25 145:23 146:1,17 153:19 159:14,19 161:21
court’s (1) 32:4 courts (1) 124:25 cover (7) 25:21
121:17,23 122:18 126:25 127:8 128:13
covered (4) 54:19 115:23 116:2 143:24
crane (3) 136:4,9,18 create (1) 103:22 created (1) 148:18 creates (1) 92:18
credibility (5) 27:4,9 27:18,24 38:8
credit (6) 14:15 19:18 31:18 37:24 40:1 133:20
creditor (3) 125:3 148:10 150:7 creditors (1) 125:2 criteria (1) 37:18 criticise (1) 11:13
cross-examination (…
29:14 43:19 45:10 53:9 58:10 59:1,2 60:21 64:8,9,10 68:2 69:25 71:17 71:21 75:13 76:5 124:15 162:9
cross-examine (2)
20:21 55:12 cross-examined (4)
20:12 35:20 46:23 56:12
cross-examining (1)
3:12
crossed (2) 22:24 48:22
crossover (5) 29:20
30:8 59:19 68:20 69:8
crosspatch (1) 15:7 crudely (1) 90:12 crumbling (1) 88:14 cryptic (1) 40:18 crystallise (2) 12:12
12:14 cures (1) 22:5
current (1) 39:11 currently (1) 26:13 cut (2) 60:6 116:9
Cyprus (2) 151:9,12
D
D13/169/2 (1) 91:4 D13/269/0.2 (1) 91:4 D13/269/0.4 (1) 88:8 D13/269/4 (1) 88:9
D147/2445.1/1 (2)
157:11 158:5
D147/2445.1/2 (1)
157:18
D147/2445.1/3 (1)
157:23
D147/2445.1/5 (2)
157:12 158:6
D147/2445.1/6 (1)
157:19
D149/2487.1/1 (1)
141:21
D149/2487.1/2 (1)
142:13
D149/2487.1/3 (1)
142:16
D149/2487.1/4 (1)
141:22
D149/2487.1/5 (1)
142:14
D149/2487.1/6 (1)
142:17
D154/2593/1 (1)
152:7
D154/2593/2 (1)
152:15
D154/2593/8 (1)
152:8
D154/2593/8.1 (1)
152:15
D174/2906/1 (1)
103:8
D174/2906/3 (1) declared (1) 115:21 30:12 58:25 70:20 53:15
103:18 declined (1) 90:16 121:13 displace (2) 46:25
D176-D191/2918.1T… deduce (1) 33:18 differences (1) 46:3 47:5
107:4 deeply (1) 27:8 different (20) 1:23 displaced (1) 47:21
D176-D191/2918.1T… default (3) 27:16 28:3 11:9,10 14:25 disposal (2) 9:22
107:17 28:6 17:12 24:9 31:6 26:10
D176-D191/2918.1T… defence (1) 31:25 45:16 47:23 62:19 dispose (1) 40:1
108:15 defendants (25) 8:14 115:7 119:19 disposed (1) 25:16
damage (1) 23:25 8:19 9:22 15:4 16:3 122:25 126:20,21 dispute (2) 1:11 21:20
damages (1) 18:15 22:22 25:11 29:23 128:7 132:14 disputed (2) 18:21
danger (1) 25:9 31:21 32:2 42:14 138:22 153:9 34:23
dangers (2) 43:7,8 45:3 46:11,13 157:25 disrepair (1) 117:14
dare (1) 54:15 48:10,15 49:13 difficult (18) 1:16 distinct (1) 55:11
database (2) 94:20 52:1 55:11,20 56:7 12:17 14:10 17:21 distinguish (1) 67:14
98:8 56:17,24 57:7 40:15 41:8,9 42:7 distribution (1)
databases (1) 97:19 60:10 43:12,14 44:5 48:4 130:11
date (2) 88:11 108:19 defendants’ (5) 9:9,11 53:25 61:16 70:16 diverts (1) 121:23
dated (1) 88:13 23:9 31:15 32:8 104:6 106:8 138:5 divorce (1) 136:25
day (9) 2:4,15,16,17 Define (1) 85:14 difficulties (6) 21:17 Dmitry (1) 85:17
15:4 22:4 44:8 Definitely (2) 105:19 38:16 41:16,25 dobrosovestnyi (1)
145:5 160:20 156:1 54:1 61:22 145:19
Day21/1:1 (1) 44:14 definition (1) 150:2 difficulty (3) 20:15 document (8) 23:1,23
Day21/2:1 (1) 44:10 defraud (1) 23:12 62:25 65:22 24:5 76:18 143:9
Day21/2:2 (1) 44:23 degree (2) 29:20 dilapidated (2) 141:16 155:14 157:10
Day7/72:1 (1) 124:11 92:25 142:6 160:13
Day7/73:1 (1) 124:17 delay (3) 61:5 62:9 dip (1) 55:13 documentary (1)
days (10) 2:13,25 3:2 157:5 direct (2) 80:22 81:16
3:6 19:14 138:3 delayed (1) 21:19 118:18 documentation (1)
156:16,16,17 161:5 delightfully (1) 1:25 direction (1) 68:21 81:2
DCF (4) 28:16 30:3,8 Deloittes (1) 35:15 directions (3) 62:23 documented (2)
45:5 demise (1) 27:15 65:9 73:1 99:12 100:1
de (5) 113:6 134:16 deny (2) 82:1 85:6 directly (2) 95:24 documents (14) 77:17
141:18 143:7 147:1 departing (1) 93:19 121:21 77:24 80:12 81:1,1
deal (11) 2:5 25:25 department (8) 82:25 director (13) 83:21 83:25 136:11 153:9
63:17 64:7,9 73:11 83:3 84:4 90:1 84:14 86:1 96:8,21 154:5,13 156:7,13
79:5 94:11 122:11 96:11,13 154:19,22 96:25 97:2,22 98:3 156:18 159:25
125:17 126:4 departments (1) 84:6 105:13 108:19,24 doing (1) 69:4
dealing (4) 39:8 80:12 departure (1) 90:20 138:7 dollar (2) 25:4 46:10
83:11 87:11 depending (1) 102:4 directors (7) 84:16 Dom (3) 106:20 107:6
dealings (1) 138:19 depends (3) 95:9,13 85:4 96:16,18 108:22
deals (7) 6:23 30:2 101:25 97:10,14 104:2 doubt (4) 5:15 8:13
32:21 33:16 34:4 deployed (1) 29:18 dis-apply (1) 47:5 11:4 140:5
56:20 57:3 deprived (2) 21:1,24 disadvantage (2) 8:14 downside (1) 13:22
dealt (4) 8:5 31:10 deputy (1) 84:1 16:1 downsides (1) 67:17
37:10 90:2 derive (1) 126:24 disadvantages (1) dozens (3) 94:8,10,22
debate (2) 23:17 describe (1) 76:14 61:11 Dr (17) 1:19 3:10 4:4,6
124:6 described (3) 88:13 disagree (10) 43:11,11 4:7 27:5,18 33:7
debating (3) 38:4 39:5 142:4,6 98:19 121:15 35:19 36:3 52:14
46:7 describes (1) 93:11 131:24 135:23 52:18 53:16 55:18
debt (21) 18:21 describing (1) 123:10 146:6,23 148:15 71:23 74:2 101:11
141:24 144:3,7,11 description (5) 79:12 151:7 draft (1) 102:14
145:5,13 146:10,10 87:3 90:17 92:22 disappointed (1) drafted (3) 121:1
146:12 147:2,5,9 94:1 10:24 133:3,25
147:18,22,22,25 deserve (1) 14:15 disappointment (1) drafting (1) 120:23
148:1 149:8,12 despite (1) 144:22 14:5 drag (1) 61:8
151:4 detail (5) 10:6 11:17 discount (4) 12:10 dramatic (1) 133:5
debtor (1) 148:10 63:12,22 119:11 13:5 33:5,21 dramatically (4) 19:7
debts (1) 19:17 detailed (1) 70:3 discrepancy (2) 131:22 132:18,25
deceived (1) 74:2 details (2) 79:2 119:25 120:1 drew (1) 120:25
December (4) 28:3 118:14 discrete (2) 58:19 driven (2) 97:11 103:3
38:1,5,12 determine (8) 17:20 59:3 due (3) 6:24 45:20
decent (1) 40:14 43:1,17,21 45:20 discuss (2) 71:12 120:20
decide (7) 6:25 43:13 48:2 63:17 71:14 161:16 dynamically (1)
54:18 56:15 62:3 determined (1) 95:7 discussed (7) 8:2 12:7 103:21
66:15 102:4 determining (2) 37:6 42:16 77:23 123:3
decided (10) 50:23 115:16 131:25 158:15 E
64:7 111:1,9,21 devalue (1) 41:20 discussing (8) 79:20 e-mail (3) 157:13,20
130:14 137:1,5 develop (2) 25:20 79:24 89:2,17
157:21
149:14,15 40:9 106:17 158:22
e-mails (1) 157:15
decides (1) 102:1 developed (1) 110:25 159:6,23
E5/16/14 (1) 32:19
deciding (3) 44:25 developing (1) 103:22 discussion (5) 11:23
E5/16/29 (1) 32:19
58:3 129:12 development (6) 36:5 12:4,5 158:18
E5/16/37 (1) 32:19
decision (12) 39:13 37:25 84:22 85:5,9 160:18
E5/16/38 (2) 34:6,17
45:19,19,21 102:5 104:7 discussions (2) 35:21
E5/16/40 (2) 33:15
102:22 103:1 deviating (1) 154:17 119:14
34:8
129:24 137:7 140:3 device (1) 131:11 disguise (1) 74:4
E5/16/53 (1) 32:19
140:6,13 dialogue (1) 52:6 dismissal (1) 90:15
E5/17/5 (1) 35:2
decisions (4) 45:15 diaries (2) 1:16 20:3 dismissed (1) 65:21
E5/18/16 (1) 29:5
96:22 97:3,8 difference (5) 19:20 dismissive (2) 10:21
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April 14, 2016 Day 38
E5/18/22 (1) 29:7 151:4 158:4 exercise (1) 101:23 110:20,24 112:22 fight (1) 39:17 follows (6) 23:10
E6/19/61 (1) 32:22 enforcement (19) 9:4 establish (4) 1:17 exercises (2) 30:19,20 113:16 114:22 figure (1) 12:14 26:22 113:1 121:15
E6/19/62 (1) 33:1 78:20 112:9 141:23 18:17,18 78:7 exist (2) 90:24 123:13 116:3 118:9 119:11 figures (2) 18:13 135:1 153:18
E8/26.1/4 (1) 28:23 144:21,25 145:4,7 established (5) 64:11 existed (3) 112:22 123:9 131:20 19:23 foot (1) 23:5
E8/26.1/9 (1) 28:24 145:22 146:1,13,17 113:4,11 140:17,18 113:14 144:18 134:19 139:18 file (2) 37:2 156:13 footing (3) 58:20
E8/27.2/3 (1) 28:24 147:11,13 148:19 estate (3) 24:10 159:4 existing (1) 48:3 143:21 144:15,22 filed (2) 156:7,18 61:21 62:8
earlier (5) 89:22 149:3,6 151:17 159:16 exists (1) 100:15 156:21 files (2) 5:14 6:15 footnote (1) 29:2
100:24,25 130:24 154:2 estimate (2) 3:6 63:23 expand (2) 118:6,8 facto (5) 113:6 134:16 fill (1) 1:16 force (3) 123:13,14
137:20 engage (2) 65:2 estimates (2) 2:12,15 expands (1) 35:4 141:18 143:7 147:1 final (4) 1:14 26:5 137:24
early (1) 83:17 161:12 et (1) 98:10 expect (7) 46:11 factors (8) 31:5 37:6 111:13 140:13 forced (7) 112:8
earn (2) 122:18,20 engaged (3) 29:21 event (14) 5:8,23 6:18 58:21 72:3 77:12 39:11 46:19 66:12 finalise (1) 145:7 114:23 115:16
earth (1) 116:7 52:1 140:1 52:21,24 63:18 78:23 89:19 156:10 95:7,10,14 finalised (1) 145:9 119:24 122:13,17
easier (2) 93:4 128:20 engagement (1) 66:18 72:23 102:25 121:9 expected (1) 161:6 facts (1) 67:10 finally (3) 69:15 145:5
easiest (1) 5:12 engaging (1) 54:9 126:5 131:25 139:8 expenditure (1) 64:3 factual (5) 1:14 15:10 115:16 123:12 foreign (1) 103:22
easily (2) 19:8 130:7 engineering (1) 27:14 147:6,9 expense (2) 4:20 5:15 69:11,13 91:22 finance (3) 40:19 forensic (4) 25:1 34:2
easy (6) 7:23 41:23,24 English (18) 4:5,8,9 events (3) 51:18 expenses (5) 121:23 fail (2) 28:7 70:8 49:13 84:4 36:1,7
65:18 67:14 128:19 74:22 76:13,15,16 87:13 110:23 122:19 126:25 failed (2) 13:13 finances (3) 49:7,9 foreseeable (2) 61:19
EBRD (1) 70:17 76:17 77:7 81:18 eventually (1) 125:21 127:8 128:14 119:24 51:13 61:20
economic (1) 30:9 107:10 110:4,5,19 everyone’s (1) 1:15 expensive (1) 58:15 failing (1) 149:24 financial (18) 35:12 forever (2) 16:7 71:4
economy (2) 87:11,13 121:2 157:17,19,23 evidence (87) 2:14,25 experience (2) 72:17 fails (1) 70:5 65:18 66:24 67:2,6 forged (1) 136:10
effect (13) 17:22 enormous (2) 36:11 3:16 7:15 8:9,22,25 104:9 failure (1) 41:2 86:18 87:2 88:6,19 forgive (3) 147:5,9,22
20:11 27:20 33:19 61:5 11:4 16:6,15 20:17 expert (32) 3:12 12:25 fair (43) 11:22,22 88:25 89:8,16,24 forgiven (2) 147:25
34:12 39:2 46:3 enquiries (3) 3:19 20:18 26:18,22 13:2,4 14:11,19 20:19 22:10 30:18 90:6,10,20,23 91:1 148:1
56:16 60:10 121:10 5:11 70:20 28:9,13,19,25 15:8,8,12,15,23 36:4 38:3 39:9 financially (1) 19:3 forgives (1) 147:22
121:21 122:6 enquiring (1) 158:1 29:15,25 31:12,13 20:12 21:24 26:18 43:18 44:19 52:16 Finans (3) 88:12 91:12 form (1) 81:16
126:16 ensure (5) 7:24 8:8 31:13 32:3,4,13,15 29:18,22 32:3,4,13 61:14 70:25 71:15 92:1 formally (2) 91:24
effectively (12) 20:15 70:25 133:19 34:1 35:3,7 36:9 32:15 35:6,25 36:1 78:11 79:12 82:10 find (21) 4:14 5:21 158:12
22:1 34:19 48:11 143:14 37:22 39:16,25 36:7 43:1 46:21 82:23 85:13 87:3 12:9 55:11 65:17 former (1) 91:18
86:22 87:1 90:11 enter (3) 99:13 42:15,22 43:1,22 52:1,4 55:14 57:8 90:16 94:16 95:3 71:16 94:25 106:6 formulating (1) 63:19
93:21 122:5 126:23 129:18 148:24 43:24 44:18 45:2,6 59:18 69:10 96:4,14,17,23 97:5 106:8 109:23 111:4 forthcoming (2) 53:17
145:16 155:3 entered (4) 77:21 45:7,16 46:22 47:8 expertise (3) 29:17 104:19 121:14,25 119:3,6,23 120:15 118:12
efficient (1) 13:11 127:23 128:1 51:25 55:1,10 56:3 35:24 63:10 129:5 131:12 128:20 129:13 forward (4) 1:17 75:4
effort (2) 119:6 161:9 150:10 56:8,11,12,18 58:5 experts (15) 3:8 13:9 138:17 144:5,13 131:25 159:11,12 128:22 139:6
efforts (5) 54:13 56:4 entering (1) 133:9 59:8,13,15,18,23 18:11 33:17,18,21 146:5,16,25 148:8 160:9 found (8) 51:21,21
119:3,9 120:4 enterprise (2) 104:9 59:24 60:15,22 35:1 40:7 43:10 150:23 151:6 156:6 finding (2) 56:17 93:19 106:10
EGRUL (1) 108:20 104:13 61:8,9,10,18 62:18 47:25 49:18 58:13 fairer (1) 18:25 128:9 120:11 139:9
either (14) 2:9 7:6,8 enterprises (2) 27:8 64:23 69:16,21 61:18 69:3 71:10 fairly (6) 42:13 45:9 findings (2) 52:9 70:9 157:25 160:11
31:8 42:7 45:18 120:8 71:18,18 72:10 explain (8) 52:21 49:4 58:9 156:13 fine (7) 1:19,20 2:18 founded (1) 86:14
62:19 64:7 94:14 enthusiasm (2) 15:22 76:9 79:23 106:23 70:16 110:8 121:3 161:1 62:4 101:4 110:19 four (1) 138:6
95:24 99:17 104:23 21:16 119:19 120:7,22 122:3 124:10 fairness (15) 7:24 8:6 160:25 four-chapter (1) 14:6
112:15 150:12 enthusiastic (2) 55:13 121:9 124:3,5 147:19,21 8:15 16:3 21:9 41:2 finish (3) 6:6 160:22 fourth (1) 32:15
electing (1) 57:9 55:21 129:1 137:6 140:22 explained (4) 36:7 42:2,2 47:1,1,2 161:9 fraction (1) 25:17
electronic (2) 6:17 entire (4) 13:6 59:1 158:9 71:13 125:12 126:3 54:2 57:24 60:16 finished (2) 77:3,9 frame (1) 156:16
160:9 82:23 152:1 evident (1) 21:17 explaining (3) 110:16 89:17 finishing (3) 160:21 France (2) 9:5 35:20
element (4) 8:1 15:20 entirely (3) 33:22 46:1 EWRG (1) 36:17 154:13 157:24 faith (1) 100:11 160:24 161:7 frankly (1) 15:20
16:6 79:23 60:12 exact (1) 156:11 explains (5) 55:7 false (1) 51:5 finite (1) 12:22 fraud (2) 25:13 29:24
elements (2) 18:9 entities (3) 108:21 exactly (10) 11:17 81:19 93:21 110:18 familiar (3) 36:19 83:7 firm (1) 90:4 free (1) 15:25
35:16 109:7,7 30:11 41:11,11 110:19 106:2 first (23) 1:5 7:5 9:5 freezing (2) 49:20
Elena (3) 74:12,20 entitled (3) 52:12 68:25 69:1 119:12 explanation (3) 54:15 family (4) 9:3,15 50:7 10:4 14:6 25:5 67:6
162:7 53:2 108:17 142:22 156:18 70:19 158:10 66:8 26:25 27:4 32:23 Friday (3) 2:5 3:3
Elias (1) 50:17 entitlement (1) 53:4 159:11 exploit (1) 91:5 far (29) 2:10 6:21 8:16 38:4,6 40:2,3 43:4 161:22
elicited (1) 9:1 entity (6) 33:6,8 exaggeration (1) exposure (1) 27:16 16:3 20:3 30:18 45:1 47:7 63:1,5,6 friend (1) 120:19
embarking (1) 21:25 144:14,15 147:3,4 65:19 extent (13) 13:3 33:23 35:8 48:14,25 58:6 68:16 136:3,21 friends (1) 160:19
emerged (1) 70:9 entrails (1) 58:18 examination (1) 71:17 34:10,11 56:2 69:7 80:23 82:5 142:3 front (2) 74:21,24
emergency (1) 9:13 Entrepreneurs (1) Examination-in-chie… 77:22,24 93:4 84:13,23 86:11 Firstly (2) 7:23 93:11 fuel (17) 109:2,7,8,11
emphasises (1) 14:1 91:24 74:17 162:8 102:6,22 103:1 89:2 97:7 113:10 fishing (3) 117:23,25 109:16,17 114:16
empire (1) 36:3 entries (1) 33:25 example (13) 12:21 135:21 154:11 113:16 114:10 118:4 115:2 117:18
employed (2) 82:19 entry (1) 108:6 29:5 35:11 37:6 extract (1) 124:15 115:5,10 117:19 fitted (1) 2:7 125:20 138:12,14
109:1 environmental (1) 40:20 53:5,7 56:11 extradition (2) 8:21 118:11 120:25 five (3) 1:7 142:1 138:18,21,22
employee (8) 99:17 138:16 97:21 99:10,22,23 8:23 122:9 152:20 159:2 160:3 139:22,24
104:25 105:2,3 envisage (3) 17:19 125:15 extreme (2) 39:5,8 fault (1) 41:3 fixed (1) 72:22 full (7) 39:17 42:25
106:3,4 109:2,4 52:20 161:13 examples (1) 120:16 extremely (3) 86:6,9 favour (3) 61:17 63:18 flip (1) 39:15 44:2 54:15 64:10
employees (10) 96:2 envisaged (4) 12:8 exceed (1) 18:20 87:25 69:6 floor (2) 65:20 67:4 66:4 74:18
96:6,16,18 97:13 16:9 130:9 148:21 exceptional (3) 21:21 favoured (1) 21:16 flow (5) 121:24 fully (4) 64:1 94:3
97:14 98:5,14,17 equal (3) 20:22 21:13 40:15 61:16 F February (4) 108:4 128:13 129:15 128:21 135:20
100:6 21:13 exceptions (2) 104:17 face (1) 72:15 150:8,11,16 130:1 132:11 functioning (1) 115:11
employees’ (1) 96:3 equality (2) 7:25 8:8 104:21 federal (3) 86:18,20 fluent (3) 4:5,6 76:14 functions (2) 155:5,8
faced (1) 53:24
encumbered (1) equally (4) 9:7 40:22 excess (3) 16:19,20 152:12 focus (1) 7:24 fund (1) 9:13
facie (1) 58:8
131:21 66:7 131:7 149:13 feel (7) 24:6 36:6 focused (1) 59:4 funded (3) 9:20 13:17
facilitate (1) 63:24
encumbrance (6) equipment (2) 5:22 exchange (2) 63:8 45:11,24 54:2 71:4 follow (3) 89:1 108:25 17:22
facilities (2) 159:3,9
132:4,16,17,20,24 6:17 157:13 71:19 131:5 funding (7) 13:12 14:3
facility (1) 64:6
133:23 equity (1) 103:21 exciting (1) 4:14 feeling (1) 5:24 follow-on (2) 145:9,10 49:23 55:7 57:15
facing (1) 38:23
endeavour (1) 64:16 especially (3) 41:17 exclude (2) 32:12 feels (3) 56:2,15 61:13 followed (1) 116:22 62:25 70:16
fact (38) 27:6,7,22,22
endeavouring (1) 67:1 122:2 42:22 fees (1) 57:8 following (14) 28:20 funds (10) 38:25 39:3
30:21 33:20 39:25
110:8 espoused (1) 59:21 exclusively (2) 90:2 felt (3) 1:13 58:8 45:1 58:3 71:6 44:1 49:20 51:3,7
46:16 51:1,3 53:4,4
endorse (1) 79:22 essential (1) 72:4 144:8 63:15 88:24 91:17 95:7 51:19,20 105:22
70:22 72:15,24,25
enforce (4) 9:8 137:1 essentially (7) 12:7,13 excuse (1) 14:19 fiction (1) 101:16 126:10 141:12 144:8
90:7 92:10 97:15
137:5 142:24 88:22 142:23 executed (1) 136:8 fide (2) 145:17,21 144:10 155:21 further (13) 8:23 9:14
98:18,20 99:25
enforced (2) 87:20 144:11 152:10 execution (1) 145:6 Fifthly (1) 34:4 156:4 157:1 160:22 11:20 35:2 72:18
Opus 2 International transcripts@opus2.com
Official Court Reporters +44 (0)20 3008 5900
167
April 14, 2016 Day 38
89:15 108:14 111:19 124:21 142:15 147:19,21 156:5
future (4) 22:9 51:18 61:19 66:9
G
gambling (2) 15:19,20 gantry (2) 136:4,9 gap (2) 70:16 157:4
Gatchinsky (1) 136:16 gather (1) 1:9
gauge (1) 12:17 Gavrilov (1) 104:25 general (21) 7:20 80:8
83:21 84:13 86:1 89:4 95:4 96:8,25 97:3,22 98:3,13 99:10 104:18 105:13 108:19,24 118:15 138:7 154:22
generally (9) 27:24 37:24 66:11 77:12 79:4 80:1 96:2 97:12 156:12
generate (7) 108:9 128:13 129:15 130:1,2,19 131:17
generating (1) 25:4 generis (1) 127:12 gentleman (4) 86:15
105:7,12,24
gentleman’s (1)
100:12 genuine (3) 133:14
134:19 135:10 genuinely (1) 72:19
getting (2) 17:18 55:21
gift (1) 147:23 gifted (1) 118:6 gifts (1) 147:24
give (17) 12:10 14:21 20:8 28:23 29:15 32:17 36:21 46:8 52:21 60:25 64:23 65:9,15 74:9,18 133:20 155:14
given (24) 11:4 12:14 18:13 19:18 20:8 20:17 27:5 28:19 40:23 41:22 43:2 45:2 47:8,9 54:16 57:14 59:17 60:18 76:9 120:7,22 136:3 143:21 160:5
gives (3) 11:19 59:25 97:20
giving (2) 35:6 124:4 Gladyshev (4) 1:19
3:10 4:4,6
global (3) 90:3 91:14 99:4
globe (1) 26:8
go (44) 23:4,8,22,22 24:5 28:6 32:25 35:17 39:8 40:5 44:24 47:23 48:17 48:24 49:11 58:18 61:1,14 62:1,4 78:15 79:17 82:5,7 88:8,15 93:16 102:17,24 106:5 107:3 109:22 120:13,16 121:11 121:16 124:6,8,11
128:23 154:7 157:15,16 158:5
goes (21) 27:2,4,8,11 27:13,17 28:2,9 30:18 31:12,13,14 32:5,7,15 36:9 37:22 39:25 42:18 43:2,4
going (58) 21:1 25:20 25:25 28:6,6,7 29:18,22 31:8 33:23 38:19 40:8 41:12 45:10 46:18 47:18,25,25 48:2,4 48:6 49:2 53:10,11 53:24 55:3,5 56:13 60:5,17 61:5,22 62:5,23 63:12,17 65:5,10 68:21,24 74:11 88:11 89:21 99:7 102:24 128:22 130:2,17,18,19 131:16,18 132:1,8 147:5 149:10,11 154:9
good (13) 1:4 3:25 6:21 74:4 75:14 100:11 101:18 137:9 160:1,4,6,15 160:16
goodwill (1) 36:4 governance (3) 87:7
87:20,23 government (3) 86:12
86:23 90:15
governmental (1)
88:18 grab (1) 26:9 grand (1) 32:9
grapevine (1) 73:10 grapple (2) 63:9,10 grappling (1) 46:6 grasp (1) 63:16 grateful (13) 6:9 66:20
71:22 72:5,20 73:3 73:15,20,21 93:18 93:20 120:12 124:11
great (4) 25:11 70:17 92:25 119:11
greatest (2) 25:9 50:8 grip (1) 1:23
groping (1) 19:15 gross (1) 134:2 grotesquely (1) 70:10 ground (3) 12:10 52:2
116:14 group (21) 23:12
25:17 34:11 35:14 82:22,23 83:1,2 84:20,23,24,25 91:17 93:10,21 94:6 95:5 106:23 109:8 134:17,25
group’s (1) 94:1 growth (1) 103:23 Guadeloupe (1) 65:25 guarantee (2) 18:21
34:7
guaranteed (2) 34:10 132:11
guarantees (4) 33:16 34:12,23 69:8 guarantor (1) 135:13 Gubko (2) 85:17,18
guess (1) 116:7 guesstimate (2) 71:7
71:8
guide (1) 41:7
Gunard (13) 120:8,23 121:1,11,25 122:4 122:14 125:15 127:24 129:3,21 130:4,10
Gunard’s (2) 120:17
130:5 guns (1) 52:24
Guz (16) 123:15 124:5 124:16,18 125:5,8 125:10,12,25 154:18 155:6,10 157:13,21,24 158:22
Guz’s (2) 124:3,5
H
half (5) 25:4 46:9 106:13 128:10 161:11
hallmarks (1) 35:8 hand (1) 5:17 handed (1) 77:24 hands (5) 105:20
141:9 143:16 156:8 158:21
haphazard (1) 1:24 happen (4) 72:8 77:19
126:4 157:2 happened (12) 57:20
57:22 73:5 77:14 84:24 100:20 117:11 128:3 149:1 149:16,18 153:14
happening (2) 48:9 53:12
happens (4) 46:24 60:22 83:9 100:7
happenstance (1)
148:25
happy (2) 48:6 56:2 hard (1) 85:14
head (6) 43:18 89:14 129:23 132:2 154:19,21
headed (1) 23:5 headings (1) 24:9 headphones (1)
137:17 hear (1) 70:15
heard (3) 8:21 54:10 83:8
hearing (4) 7:1 8:6 38:6 49:15 hearings (1) 49:12 hears (1) 101:17
heart (1) 27:9
held (8) 80:23 81:4,23 94:14 99:25 134:10 134:14 137:2
help (3) 38:17 64:16 65:8
helpful (5) 3:8,14,25 13:18 74:8
helpfully (3) 36:6,15
37:12 helps (1) 93:1
hierarchical (1) 154:24 hierarchy (2) 84:5
154:17
High (1) 46:2 higher (2) 33:10
153:10 highlighted (1) 49:14 highly (2) 98:17 128:6
HILDYARD (171) 1:4 1:13,22 2:19,24 3:8 3:11,14,17,25 4:9
4:15,18,22 5:1,5,24 6:2,9,13,23 7:11,19 9:25 10:13,20,25 11:16 12:1,15,17 14:1,17 15:1,7,17 16:4,18,23 17:6,16 17:25 18:16,24 19:10,15,22,25 20:10,19,25 21:8 21:15 22:7,12,14 23:7 24:13 25:15 25:24 30:1,5,7 33:17 34:15,23,25 35:21 36:17,25 37:2,16,25 39:1,14 40:3,5,11,21 41:13 41:19 42:5,10,17 42:25 43:9,14 44:5 44:12 45:7,18,24 46:15 47:11,13,16 47:18,24 48:12,19 48:22 50:10,17 51:6,9 52:5,16 53:2 53:13 54:4,14,22 55:23 56:22,25 58:7 59:10,16 60:18 61:12,20 62:21 63:6,14 64:17,22 65:4,9,13 65:17 66:22 67:13 68:11,15 70:7 71:23 72:6,11,22 73:7,10,16,22 74:4 74:8,15 101:2,5,11 101:14,18 102:9,13 102:17,21 103:5 127:14,20 128:25 137:11,18 148:21 149:5,20 155:18 160:1,8,14,16 161:1,12
hiring (1) 90:10 historical (1) 151:13 history (3) 87:13
89:21 92:18 hit (1) 57:19
hold (11) 67:24 71:4 81:10 95:23 98:13 99:8,11 100:7 103:9 151:2,24
holder (2) 95:6 134:22 holding (10) 82:3,8,11 95:2 98:6 134:16 134:20,24 135:14
139:25 holds (1) 117:25 holiday (5) 2:1,19
48:24 49:2 66:4 holidays (1) 65:23 home (3) 9:3,15 50:7 honest (3) 68:16
90:22 151:22 honour (2) 100:18,20 hope (9) 3:13 25:21
53:23 70:22 74:16 74:21 85:24 106:7 111:13
hoped (1) 19:13 hoping (1) 120:15 horse (1) 69:9 hostile (1) 15:11 hot-tubbing (2) 58:11
59:4
hour (4) 2:6 64:5
161:2,11 housekeeping (4) 1:3
1:10 161:5 162:3 huge (5) 24:23 42:14
60:9,9 86:10
hundreds (1) 94:8 hurdle (2) 48:22 63:1 hurry (1) 40:22 hypothetical (1)
150:25 hypothetically (1)
121:20
I
I22/29/26 (1) 49:6 I22/29/28 (1) 49:11 I22/29/29 (1) 49:15 I22/29/30 (2) 50:12
50:14
I25/39/31 (1) 23:4 I25/39/32 (2) 22:20
23:8
I25/39/74 (1) 23:23 I25/39/75 (1) 23:24 I25/39/92 (1) 24:7 I27/43/39 (1) 37:13 idea (3) 26:16 123:9
133:12 identified (11) 25:19
27:13 32:23 33:2 36:15 38:20 58:12 58:16 72:4,18 125:5
identifies (4) 33:10 35:4 37:19 50:14
identify (5) 38:16 59:16 75:1 128:14 132:5
identifying (1) 124:18
IFRS (3) 35:21,25 36:8 ignorant (1) 150:21 ignore (1) 131:10
Igor (4) 86:15 91:13 91:21 105:24 illustrative (1) 65:22 illustratively (1) 67:2
imagine (3) 15:12 20:5 140:11 immediate (1) 22:9 immediately (5) 5:6,9
53:20 157:3 160:3 impact (2) 71:12
73:19 impacted (1) 7:2 impecuniosity (1)
62:24
implement (1) 104:12 implication (2) 14:22
27:24
implicit (2) 14:18 40:24
important (17) 8:4
14:2 17:14 26:4,12 35:6,16 39:10,11 39:12 41:22 54:20 55:3 64:23 68:3 130:15 161:15
importantly (1)
143:15 imposition (2) 19:4
55:4
impossible (4) 12:18 117:5 120:6 142:7 impression (2) 11:19
55:11 improved (1) 19:2 inaccurate (3) 50:10
50:11 108:13
inadvisable (1) 7:23 inappropriate (3) 10:9
49:1 70:10
inaudible (2) 17:17
102:14
incapable (1) 117:15 incestuous (1) 25:16 include (2) 32:17
69:25 included (1) 84:20 includes (1) 7:25 including (5) 13:1
27:12,25 67:7 152:17
income (9) 28:10,15 89:23 121:11,16,24 126:25 127:1 130:11
inconsistency (1)
59:21 inconsistent (1) 30:10 inconvenient (1)
110:13 incorporate (1) 9:23 incorrect (3) 9:17
50:11,16 increase (1) 104:7 incremental (4) 62:10
63:3 64:13 66:16 incrementally (3)
45:12 70:24 71:5 incurred (1) 121:17 indebtedness (2)
18:22 133:21 independent (8) 82:9
91:2 111:4 127:15 134:22 150:22 151:11 155:1
independently (2)
90:24 155:4
INDEX (1) 162:1 indicate (2) 44:20
70:12
indicated (7) 1:8 2:17 10:16 74:14 123:4 141:3 142:12
indicates (2) 35:12 66:2
indications (2) 8:24 9:6
indicatively (1) 6:25
Industrialists (1)
91:24 inequality (2) 22:5
69:1
inevitable (2) 66:19 72:16
infer (4) 25:12 29:16 29:24 32:8
inferring (1) 97:24 influence (2) 95:17
104:7 information (3) 35:12
80:5 112:9
infrastructure (2) 6:17
70:18
Initially (1) 143:3 initiate (1) 148:19 injured (1) 10:20 inputs (1) 31:11 inscription (1) 159:20 inside (1) 89:6 insofar (2) 68:23 69:4 insolvent (1) 27:16 instance (7) 9:5 80:14
96:25 99:8,24 128:10 141:17 institute (1) 90:6
institution (1) 88:19 instructed (1) 13:10 instructions (2) 28:21
81:12
insurance (13) 23:16 26:23 34:5,10,13
34:15,17,20 35:3 67:7,24 78:15 106:18
Insurance’s (2) 32:24 33:4
intend (2) 70:22 161:1 intended (4) 11:1
23:11 125:19 133:17
intensive (1) 103:23 intention (1) 133:25 intentions (1) 133:9 interest (7) 81:11
110:9,25 111:2 117:25 118:3 119:16
interested (18) 89:16 90:3 104:5 106:15 110:10,21 111:5,11 111:23 114:12 117:1 119:20 120:5 127:3,7,21 128:9 144:4
interests (1) 82:12 interim (3) 18:5,14
20:6 intermediate (1)
72:14 interpreted (2) 74:13
76:20 interpreter (4) 90:25
106:12,12,16
interpreters (5) 3:24
4:1,2,4,17
interrelationship (1)
154:24 interrupt (2) 102:9
124:2 interrupted (1) 2:4 interrupting (1) 40:21 intertwining (1) 25:21 interview (1) 92:1 intractable (1) 64:14 introduced (2) 87:6
88:18
invest (6) 101:21,22 102:2,4 103:23 156:24
investee (2) 101:22 103:25
investigate (1) 73:5 investing (2) 115:3
117:20 investment (20) 83:10
86:3,12 87:11,15 88:2 93:12,13,15 102:2 103:20 104:11,15 109:12 109:12 115:11,13 117:12,19 132:10
investments (2)
103:21 104:5
investor (3) 30:16
101:23 132:8 invisible (1) 101:13 invite (3) 7:7,14
158:14
invoices (2) 130:23,25 involve (1) 33:24 involved (12) 66:10
77:21 78:25,25 79:3 92:17 93:2 100:16 114:25 117:17 155:10 156:3
involvement (5) 78:9 78:22 120:22,24 154:11
involving (6) 25:17
Opus 2 International transcripts@opus2.com
Official Court Reporters +44 (0)20 3008 5900
168
April 14, 2016 Day 38
33:5 77:13 78:13 92:12 155:11
iron (1) 66:12 irreducible (2) 18:7,14 irrelevant (1) 140:15 irrespective (1) 147:3 issue (13) 8:16 16:12
21:19 51:11 53:20 56:19 58:1,15 60:16 63:25 68:12 73:2 88:23
issued (1) 58:16 issues (16) 16:11
25:21 28:17 29:22 32:24 36:2,4,10 37:9,21,23 38:7 45:4 58:17 59:5,6
item (1) 49:15 items (1) 159:10
J
jam (3) 1:7 54:22 72:21
job (5) 11:12 69:2,22 96:3 118:17
joined (2) 83:12 84:24 joint (2) 104:9,12 Joint-Stock (1) 84:11 judge (1) 47:4 judgment (2) 65:15
72:12
judicial (3) 61:6 73:10 136:6
July (9) 108:21 112:3 112:5 113:5,15,19 113:25 114:4 137:22
jump (1) 46:13 jumped (1) 46:15 jumping (1) 58:6 June (1) 157:1 junior (1) 37:12 jurisdiction (2) 42:25
49:21
justice (174) 1:4,13,22 2:19,24 3:8,11,14 3:17,25 4:9,15,18 4:22 5:1,5,24 6:2,9 6:13,23 7:11,19 9:25 10:13,20,25 11:16 12:1,15,17 14:1,17 15:1,7,17 16:4,18,23 17:6,16 17:25 18:16,24 19:10,15,22,25 20:10,19,25 21:8 21:15 22:7,12,14 23:7 24:13 25:15 25:24 30:1,5,7 33:17 34:15,23,25 35:21 36:17,25 37:2,16,25 39:1,14 40:3,5,11,21 41:13 41:19 42:5,10,17 42:25 43:9,14 44:5 44:12 45:7,18,24 46:15 47:2,11,13 47:16,18,24 48:12 48:19,22 50:10,17 50:17 51:6,9 52:5 52:16 53:2,13 54:4 54:14,22 55:23 56:22,25 58:7 59:10,16 60:18 61:12,20 62:4,21 63:6,14 64:17,22 65:4,9,13,17 66:22 67:13 68:11,15
70:7 71:23 72:6,11 72:22 73:7,10,16 73:22 74:4,8,15 101:2,5,11,14,18 102:9,13,17,21 103:5 127:14,20 128:25 137:11,18 148:21 149:5,20 155:18 160:1,8,14 160:16 161:1,12
justification (1) 54:24 justified (1) 97:24
K
Kalinin (2) 97:22 98:2 keep (7) 9:13 42:15
51:18 69:23 116:1 128:10 160:14
kept (1) 13:9 Khortitsa (7) 94:23
97:1,4,7 99:9,24,25
Khortitsa’s (2) 97:9,10 kicked (1) 127:21 kind (7) 6:19 48:18
49:21 65:21 95:8 116:6 127:12
knew (4) 44:1 67:25 83:25 84:9
know (83) 2:15 3:18 3:18,23 4:15 6:13 9:7 12:19 14:5 21:8 36:23 38:11 40:21 42:7 45:24 48:12 53:5,7,8,10 54:1 56:10 59:18,19 62:13,22 63:14 67:13 73:10,16,18 77:12,17,20 78:4,5 78:6,7,19,23 80:25 81:2,23 82:13,15 83:8,13,23 84:7,17 85:6,22 88:4 89:19 90:13 94:11 100:6 100:8 101:11 104:4 105:11,15,21,25 106:1 107:8 108:7 109:4 112:21 113:10,14,16 114:10 117:19 118:2,8 131:16 132:8 140:13,24,24 152:24 155:13
knowing (1) 98:12 knowledge (17) 50:13
78:2 80:11,19 82:9 85:10 87:17 93:25 94:7 104:15 110:22 114:7,9 118:9 140:6,20 155:10
known (7) 67:10 78:10 88:5 90:18 92:4 112:21 125:23
knows (7) 14:25 23:21 25:11 29:12 33:7 34:9 72:23
Kontur (3) 109:6,9
112:12
Kosova (4) 157:14,21
158:7,22
Kostikov (10) 86:15 86:17 87:5 88:18 90:12,23,25 91:13 91:21 92:6
Kostikov’s (7) 87:8,14 87:19,22 88:5 90:14,20
L
L8/43/131 (1) 38:12 lessees (2) 122:16 144:14,15,17 124:2 127:19,23 Malysheva (7) 75:24
L8/43/132 (1) 38:13 126:20 148:19 151:20 137:9 149:2,19,21 84:10,17 85:3
L8/43/133 (1) 38:14 lest (1) 1:15 located (3) 143:4 155:17 157:7 92:20 123:4,4
lack (3) 35:23 49:13 Lestovkin (2) 85:25 158:1,13 159:24 160:12,18 man (1) 11:3
55:7 86:3 logic (1) 126:10 161:4 162:5 manageable (1)
ladder (3) 16:4 60:19 let’s (6) 46:21 124:11 logical (3) 93:8 149:4 Lord’s (1) 5:21 126:13
60:19 150:25 151:1 160:6 Lordship (90) 1:5 3:4 management (5) 55:4
lag (1) 156:1 161:12,13 logistics (2) 3:15 6:7 7:6,13 8:1,21 11:7 86:1 104:12 105:14
land (24) 60:11 letter (17) 10:1,4,5,5 London (1) 12:15 16:13,16,21 18:7 108:15
135:25 136:12,12 10:11,13,21 11:6 long (14) 61:7,20 19:6 20:16,16,24 managers (3) 83:20
136:16 140:3,14,23 11:19 21:17 49:6,8 62:16,18,18 128:16 22:16,18,22 23:5,9 85:13 91:18
141:9,13,19 142:5 52:17 53:14,17 130:19 131:17 23:21 24:3,6,8,16 managing (1) 95:8
142:12 143:4,8 141:22 159:2 132:6,8,11 156:10 25:10 28:23 29:1 mandatory (1) 64:5
153:15,15,25 154:7 letting (2) 47:13,13 156:11 160:20 29:12 32:18,20,22 March (4) 80:16
155:24 158:2,13 level (1) 76:15 longer (4) 2:15,18 33:1,6,12,15 34:9 107:24 134:8,8
159:4,17 liability (16) 16:13,16 156:25 161:6 34:18 35:18 36:6 Marine (3) 23:12
large (10) 5:8 79:2,9 16:18 24:21 25:23 look (27) 18:8,10 36:14,18,19,21,22 134:17,25
86:11 88:16 92:24 27:10 31:6,15,17 19:16 26:17 38:21 36:23 37:4,17,18 Maritime (2) 143:24
93:22 94:4 104:16 32:7 36:10,13 37:8 43:5 51:14 70:17 38:23 39:20 44:7,9 144:7
128:14 37:23 40:1 147:7 76:22 79:14 80:14 45:14 46:4,6 47:3,8 marked (2) 10:6
larger (1) 117:23 liable (5) 147:10,14,20 94:19 96:12,13 47:22 48:10,17 102:14
late (3) 75:15 83:17 147:25 148:2 103:8 109:18 49:5,10,19 50:3,23 market (14) 44:20
161:3 liaise (2) 5:20 6:4 118:12,14,19 120:1 51:13,14,25 54:17 86:13 88:2,24
latest (1) 17:18 liberty (1) 9:15 120:21 122:16 56:2,5,9,14,15,15 89:16 90:11 91:21
Latin (1) 107:11 licences (1) 87:16 141:20 151:21 57:21 58:2 60:8 111:15 127:6 128:6
law (13) 1:12,18 2:13 licensed (1) 88:25 152:7,13 157:14 61:13,14 62:11 128:6 132:17,24
3:23 4:13 6:12 8:8 life (9) 51:12 53:8 looked (5) 36:22 64:15 67:3 69:10 133:6
112:8 132:2 142:16 59:25 60:2,3,4,4 117:19,20 118:24 70:2 72:9 73:21 marketing (2) 83:12
147:24 156:15 67:7,24 118:24 137:15,16 85:1
159:18 light (3) 32:14 55:9 looking (14) 30:22 Lordship’s (10) 33:23 markets (4) 86:19
lawful (1) 151:22 69:19 58:8 79:15 80:25 34:2 39:22 44:24 87:2 92:5 126:20
lawyer (2) 145:14,16 liked (1) 133:3 93:17 111:5 116:21 45:17 50:20 55:4 marking (1) 22:25
lawyers (4) 68:7 155:3 limb (1) 124:18 122:2,12 127:8 61:4 62:12 69:15 Marsal (2) 10:8 14:24
156:6 158:10 limit (4) 7:8,15 18:18 128:14 138:24 lose (2) 7:24 22:3 Martinique (2) 66:1,4
lazy (1) 68:9 154:10 139:1 157:11 loss (7) 17:10 23:25 Maslennikov (4)
Leaflet (1) 37:7 limited (14) 8:20 looks (5) 29:5,19 23:25 24:15 31:1,1 105:8,10,11 138:7
leap (1) 70:23 13:15 58:14 64:9 30:23 37:18 77:11 32:6 massive (1) 8:7
learned (4) 37:12 66:17 71:20,25 Lord (194) 1:9 2:12,22 losses (3) 24:4 28:5 match (1) 65:8
119:15 120:18 72:18 73:1 120:9 3:1,7,10,15 4:12,16 30:13 material (5) 30:21
160:19 150:15,17 151:9,15 4:21,25 5:3,20 6:1 lost (3) 9:4 90:19 50:25 55:4 56:17
lease (36) 5:17 120:8 line (9) 22:7 38:12,14 6:4 7:4 9:23 10:16 119:16 129:13
120:23,25 121:4 44:17 49:19 102:21 10:23 11:6 13:8 lot (17) 7:17 9:21 matter (33) 2:3 7:1
122:4,6,7,15,17,23 116:24 124:20 14:8 15:9,19 16:8 14:15 30:20 54:9 20:2 21:11 24:2
123:5,16,21 125:16 125:14 17:24 19:5,24 58:7 62:5 72:13 26:20 31:23 32:12
126:5,18 127:9,18 lines (2) 116:11 20:13,22 21:5,6,23 76:19 85:11 87:15 33:21 43:4 48:14
127:24 128:3,6 141:17 22:10,13,14,15,16 92:8,11,16 119:6 52:19 53:4,18
129:2,4,18,20,21 link (3) 28:18 90:22 22:18 23:8 24:15 138:18 153:1 54:17 56:5,14 57:7
129:23 130:22 95:11 24:15,18 25:20,20 lots (1) 128:7 62:15,17 73:17
131:21 132:1,2,22 linked (1) 90:20 25:25 29:22 30:2,2 LPK (2) 78:17,19 79:5 95:16 96:21
133:10,25 153:24 liquid (1) 33:3 30:6,11,11 31:24 Luga (1) 117:21 100:2 101:16
lease-related (1) liquidated (1) 28:8 33:22,22 34:16,16 Lukina (1) 136:8 110:24 122:3 123:4
133:23 list (4) 21:22 106:22 34:24 35:2,22 36:9 lunch (1) 100:24 129:3 131:6,10
leased (3) 121:10,20 107:17 152:13 36:18,18 37:1,4,13 Luncheon (1) 101:9 161:17
126:7 listed (2) 141:25 37:17 38:3,3,15 luxurious (1) 66:11 matters (11) 11:13
leases (4) 128:1,19 142:2 39:5,18,18 40:4,4,8 luxury (2) 68:3,7 32:16 54:19 55:1
131:17 132:3 lists (4) 49:12 106:19 40:8,13,13 41:11 lying (2) 67:22 116:9 69:14 78:23 79:24
leasing (5) 120:17 152:22 158:4 41:18 42:4,9,9,12 83:11 90:2,3 155:4
121:16 123:11,23 literally (1) 9:22 42:12,24 43:7,7,10 M maximise (1) 141:6
153:25 litigant (1) 67:17 44:4,4,7,14,24 mafia (1) 93:7 maximum (2) 130:21
least-bad (1) 43:16 litigants (2) 51:17 45:13,13,23 46:4,4 131:1
Magnum (3) 38:11
leave (4) 5:14 6:14,16 68:6 46:18,18 47:12,15 mean (35) 12:17 13:7
106:8 159:25
11:21 litigation (3) 15:21 47:17,20,20 48:5,5 15:8 17:17 21:2
main (7) 83:1 84:25
led (2) 83:4 117:10 22:1 57:17 48:12,16,21 49:5 30:5 41:20 46:16
103:20 129:20
left (9) 8:10 37:10 little (10) 11:8 17:18 50:8,11,17,19,19 51:19 58:23 59:18
141:19 143:17,21
51:12 55:9,10 19:17 118:6 125:13 51:8,8,10 52:7,7,23 70:9 76:13 87:22
maintain (2) 25:18
84:25 89:14 90:23 127:15 137:20 53:6,6 54:2,5,17,23 94:19 96:2 102:8
91:22
90:25 147:19,21 161:6 56:1,1,23 57:2,13 112:24 118:5,6
major (7) 87:13,21
legal (16) 82:21,22 live (3) 45:6 56:8 76:9 57:25 59:6,6,11,24 128:19 129:19,20
88:1,5 89:7,23
83:3,4,11,14 90:1 living (2) 66:10 111:13 59:24 60:20,20 129:22 130:14,24
92:11
101:16 108:21 LLC (14) 23:13,15,16 61:13 62:11 63:5 133:24 135:4,16
making (11) 50:23
118:24 123:18 33:6 80:22 109:6,9 63:13 64:15,21 140:8,9 147:19,21
59:7 67:19 70:9
144:14,15 154:19 121:12,20,24 65:1,1,5,12,12,16 148:9 156:7
79:9,11 93:9 97:3
154:21 155:5 134:20 135:5 66:20 67:16 68:12 meaning (1) 101:21
120:3 123:25
legislation (1) 143:3 153:21,23 68:12,15,20 71:22 means (7) 5:12 45:9
146:13
lend (1) 54:21 loan (22) 69:24 134:4 72:5,9,20 73:3,11 72:7 77:18 78:25
Maleev (4) 80:21 81:4
lenders (1) 70:14 134:6,23 135:8,24 73:15,15,20 74:1,9 103:25 111:22
81:8,10
Leonteva (1) 158:8 136:2,15,22 140:4 74:11 100:23 101:4 meant (6) 1:10 2:22
Maloy (3) 106:21
lessee (2) 127:15 142:24,24 143:12 101:13 102:20 10:11 124:8,12
107:6 108:22
132:6 143:14,19,20,24 103:1 110:3 120:19 149:2
Opus 2 International transcripts@opus2.com
Official Court Reporters +44 (0)20 3008 5900
169
April 14, 2016 Day 38
measure (1) 122:17 mechanism (2) 81:14
104:12 media (1) 8:25 medical (1) 99:1
meet (2) 31:25 160:17 memory (9) 10:15
17:2 19:19 128:17 136:5 149:24 152:4 153:3,24
men (1) 53:2 mention (3) 82:16
119:21 120:3 mentioned (6) 77:17
85:19 119:1 126:11 137:19 140:2
message (1) 10:25 met (1) 83:24 middle (2) 12:9 52:2 Mikhail (4) 82:12,13
82:15 83:19
Millard (4) 53:10 55:12 60:15 68:2
Millard’s (1) 69:2 million (17) 16:19,21
17:3,7 19:11,12,21 24:12 32:1 33:10 70:16 136:6 140:16 140:18 152:5,6 153:11
Milner (5) 14:15 51:21 51:22 68:8,9
mind (15) 8:18 13:9 17:7 19:25 39:23 45:1 62:21 63:2 100:23 103:17 114:15,18,19 147:23 160:9
minded (1) 19:6 minimal (1) 122:18 minimum (5) 18:7,14
70:25 130:21 131:2 minister (1) 86:23 ministerial (1) 86:22 minority (1) 101:22 minus (1) 130:4 minute (1) 155:14 minutes (6) 1:7 73:22
100:24,25 137:11 160:3
mischaracterised (2)
68:14,14 misled (1) 67:21 misrepresenting (1)
67:9
missing (2) 115:22
116:2
misspoke (3) 2:22 89:13 90:25
misspoken (1) 89:12 mistaken (4) 79:21
85:24 152:18 158:9 mistakes (2) 108:9,10 misunderstood (1)
48:16
model (3) 28:13 31:3 31:4
modelling (2) 30:15 30:20
modus (1) 94:1 moment (10) 3:6
10:18 51:20 73:13 122:4,6,14 126:17 127:17 137:9
Monday (4) 160:22,25 161:7,14
money (18) 12:22 13:6,11,23 16:24 22:3 33:14 46:8,9
51:18,21 68:2 Nefte-Oil (22) 110:17 obviously (52) 7:6,9 operations (3) 113:12
118:6 122:20 130:2 111:9,22 138:9,10 7:14 9:20 10:23 113:14,17
130:18 131:16 138:17,20,21 139:4 13:17 15:9,13 20:7 operator (1) 106:8
144:2 139:10,22,25 21:21 22:16 28:2 opine (1) 125:10
monies (1) 57:16 145:17,21 149:22 30:22 31:23 35:17 opines (1) 34:19
month (4) 128:10,11 152:2,12 155:22 36:2 39:21 43:12 opinion (4) 28:16
129:8 156:25 156:5,19,22,23 49:6 54:18 56:5,6 30:25 56:16 158:7
monthly (2) 131:8,9 negative (1) 36:4 56:13 57:15,16 opportunistically (2)
months (5) 20:6,8 negotiations (4) 59:12,24 64:16 148:17 149:17
61:9 62:6 128:5 119:13,13,18,22 65:2,8 68:21 69:18 opportunity (1) 52:21
moral (1) 19:2 neither (1) 20:12 69:24 75:14 79:8 opposed (4) 56:12
morning (3) 1:4 74:7 net (1) 66:2 80:1 87:10 93:1 61:25 121:11
75:14 nettle (1) 63:17 107:8,10 108:3 131:11
Morskoy (16) 134:4,6 neutrally (1) 38:2 109:10 111:5 opposite (1) 7:14
134:7 135:9,24 never (17) 4:15 5:17 131:19 134:10 Option (1) 57:6
136:2 140:4,8 14:25 41:23 81:15 138:11 139:10 options (7) 40:2 56:20
141:24 142:23 85:23 94:6 100:20 146:1,7 153:16 57:3 114:21 117:7
143:14 145:3 100:21,21 105:10 156:3 157:15 117:11 139:13
148:19 149:8 150:7 119:13 123:12,14 occasion (1) 62:9 oral (10) 7:1 12:4 45:2
151:20 127:10 132:22 occasions (6) 4:13 8:2 45:6 47:8 58:5
mortgage (5) 137:5 140:20 35:23 96:3 100:18 63:15 65:15 71:15
140:18 143:7 nevertheless (2) 8:4 108:10 100:2
158:11 159:21 144:24 occupies (1) 96:20 orally (2) 29:15 99:21
mortgaged (2) 143:5,5 Nevskaya (1) 86:1 occupy (1) 96:7 order (13) 9:8 18:6,14
mother (1) 137:3 new (5) 87:6,19 93:6 occurred (1) 53:5 25:12 41:7 49:21
motive (1) 27:2 105:12 155:24 odd (1) 119:17 62:4 67:6 115:10
move (4) 42:1,21 48:7 newcomer (1) 75:15 oddity (1) 151:3 127:8 131:14 145:6
61:3 Nice (2) 54:22 73:6 offer (5) 11:21 12:3 145:7
moved (3) 34:8 83:9 nilly (1) 141:15 119:16 125:11 orders (1) 49:22
84:25 nominal (6) 95:23 150:5 ordinary (1) 47:5
movements (1) 91:15 96:4,19 97:2 98:15 offered (3) 29:13 organise (1) 149:14
moves (2) 9:7 73:17 99:16 51:22 64:6 organised (5) 79:8
moving (2) 27:15 nominated (1) 105:16 office (3) 83:21 87:4 93:10 145:25 148:6
73:11 nominee (6) 81:21 89:14 149:9
Moyke (3) 106:21 82:4,9,10 95:3 official (1) 87:1 orientation (1) 33:24
107:7 108:22 99:11 officials (1) 44:2 original (1) 76:12
mustn’t (2) 10:20 nominees (1) 94:14 offshore (4) 94:15 originally (2) 136:3
101:5 nomineeship (1) 99:7 95:24 150:14 145:2
mutated (1) 26:5 non (1) 145:15 151:13 originals (2) 154:7,8
mutual (2) 92:19 nonsense (1) 54:11 Oh (2) 48:21 137:18 orthodox (3) 40:16
100:12 normal (6) 40:10 oil (5) 138:10,12,14 46:20,20
47:21,24 57:5 139:16,19 Oslo (3) 23:12 134:17
N 59:12 161:8 okay (5) 4:15 12:1 134:25
name (11) 74:19 83:7 normally (2) 46:24 49:1 73:7 106:16 ought (1) 57:4
160:25 old (1) 61:1 outcome (1) 145:22
83:8 95:1 99:2,2,16
nose-dived (1) 147:8 OMG (19) 9:9 24:25 outside (7) 35:14
105:25 106:1
note (9) 22:17 28:22 27:12 28:4,5 32:16 52:14 126:15 153:6
108:18 118:17
29:2 36:16 38:17 34:5,11,20 35:14 153:12,15,19
names (1) 97:21
52:7,9 54:5 73:13 35:18 77:14,21 outsider (1) 150:21
narrow (1) 12:3
notes (3) 33:5,11,21 78:9,24 113:25 outsiders (1) 133:14
natural (1) 12:13
notice (2) 128:4 119:3 124:24 outstanding (3) 59:17
nature (2) 26:25 80:8
145:18 133:21 146:10 148:18
near (2) 64:14 66:18
notices (1) 145:24 OMG’s (2) 36:3 over-striking (1) 23:1
nearer (1) 88:17
notional (1) 30:15 123:18 overall (6) 24:6 25:4
necessarily (5) 31:2
notionally (1) 116:24 OMGP’ (1) 23:13 35:7 41:1 70:19
52:15 59:8 95:19
notwithstanding (2) once (21) 77:7 90:5 79:5
114:17
33:8 144:15 90:23,25 91:25 overlap (3) 29:20
necessary (11) 10:7
novel (1) 62:1 93:5 95:13 110:17 36:13,15
10:17 14:20 42:23
November (1) 49:16 110:19 116:22 overlapping (1) 155:7
47:18 58:22 63:20
number (8) 38:4 119:15 120:4,5 overlooked (1) 79:21
70:25 71:8 123:17
85:12 87:1 93:22 127:4 130:1,7 overnight (1) 128:3
141:3
94:4 102:1 141:14 131:16 132:12 overridden (1) 46:17
need (35) 1:6 2:14
141:19 140:13 146:19 override (1) 53:4
3:12,21 4:1,1,4
numbers (1) 106:9 156:7 overspeaking (1)
7:17,24 8:8 9:11
numerous (1) 108:10 one-off (2) 11:21 12:3 102:10
13:2 15:21,22,25
Onega (8) 17:11,15 overtop (4) 16:25
17:2 18:8,10,12
O 26:24 28:12 29:7 17:2 19:8 64:11
19:18 32:18 36:20
oath (1) 69:25 29:11 78:17,19 overturned (1) 91:17
39:18,23 49:11
ones (2) 2:1 142:3 overwhelmingly (1)
50:15 64:10 65:11 objective (3) 143:17
open (2) 125:14 97:15
68:7 71:12,24 159:8,9
160:11 owed (2) 16:25
88:10 128:2 156:11 objectives (2) 126:21
operandi (1) 94:1 144:11
161:10 158:25
operate (1) 116:11 owned (12) 17:12
needed (5) 1:13 obligation (2) 15:18
operates (1) 104:15 81:10 98:16,18
122:18 128:13 54:3
operating (7) 53:22 106:25 108:22
131:13 132:9 obstacle (1) 39:9
91:2 93:22 113:8 136:12 147:1
needing (1) 53:19 obtain (3) 3:21 13:20
113:20 114:1,9 151:12,15 153:20
needs (7) 7:5 20:4,5,7 154:7
operational (3) 112:2 153:22
22:23 97:11 159:8 obvious (1) 28:21
112:5 113:12 owner (10) 30:13 31:5
91:16,25 92:5 95:6 95:13 98:21 134:22 135:18
ownership (3) 17:11 31:1 155:25
owning (1) 113:16 owns (2) 81:19
109:16
P
pack (1) 128:23 page (32) 23:4,5 24:5
24:11 29:3,7 32:25 38:13 44:9,22 49:19 75:5,5 76:25 88:15 102:21 103:14 107:16 108:14 110:1,14 124:17 139:2 142:3 142:10,11,15 152:14 157:17,18 157:23 162:2
pages (2) 91:3 158:5 paid (5) 11:12,13
14:16 39:4 46:11 pain (1) 41:7
paper (6) 44:25 56:13 58:4 60:5 81:15 141:17
papers (3) 6:3 13:19 13:23
paradigm (1) 47:23 paragraph (45) 22:25 23:22 24:2 26:1 33:2 34:22 35:5 36:22 37:4,14
49:15 50:12 76:22 77:1,6,8 78:1 79:18 79:25,25 80:14 81:17 88:16 91:8 91:10,13 93:18,18 94:3 103:17 104:4 106:7,8,14,15,21 109:24 110:12 120:10,11,14,21 122:2 139:1 159:18
paragraphs (6) 37:14 77:2,12 80:6 121:5 121:16
parallel (2) 98:6,22 pardon (6) 99:20
102:12,15 120:13 120:16 140:9
parent (4) 84:11 94:21 95:15 144:12
Paris (1) 4:10 parity (1) 104:11 part (26) 11:23 20:1
26:2 30:25 40:25 45:16 52:18 56:4 56:17 57:16 61:18 78:17 79:9 82:21 87:13 96:2 97:9 109:9 123:22 125:17,25 126:23 129:18,25 141:11 148:9
participant (1) 88:24 participants (3) 90:11
91:20 104:11 participate (2) 111:14
111:17 participating (1) 104:2 participation (1) 88:25 particular (12) 12:4,21
16:12 35:9 58:12 58:17 59:5 77:16 79:23 97:7 116:23
122:25 particularity (1) 41:22 particularly (4) 9:16
55:9 65:23 122:10 parties (16) 42:4,5
46:22 47:3 54:25 59:7,14 67:10 71:1 100:11,13 135:14 146:4,15,15,24
partner (5) 104:8
118:16,17,18,22 partners (6) 93:6
103:25 117:22 118:3,5,10
parts (4) 31:11 73:11 79:14 126:14
party (16) 13:12 14:3 22:2 25:19 42:7 45:5 98:2 119:3,6 119:21,23 126:8 127:2 133:14 137:24 139:9
party’s (1) 15:24 passed (1) 52:13
Pause (15) 77:3,9 80:3 82:15 100:22 103:10 106:11 107:2 121:6 134:5 155:15,20 157:6,9 158:16
Pavel (1) 104:25 pavement (1) 116:13 pay (8) 38:25 46:11
46:14 49:17 57:9 105:22 147:7,15
paying (1) 148:4 payment (8) 18:5,14
18:25 20:6 50:21 53:3,9 130:23
payments (6) 44:2 69:19 129:11 130:22 131:1,8
pays (1) 13:4 peace (1) 71:4 peculiarity (1) 146:3 pencilled (1) 2:2 people (18) 44:1
65:23 66:2 70:17 92:16,19 93:5 95:22 100:15,17 104:22 127:6,20 128:8 146:5,16,24 151:5
perfect (1) 160:6 perfectly (1) 9:10 performing (1) 138:15 perimeter (3) 153:6
153:12,20 period (10) 83:18
84:14 86:10 87:14 87:16,25 89:22 100:16 128:4,16
permission (5) 8:7 47:7,9 50:25 135:10
permutations (1)
64:12
Perotti (1) 8:5 persist (1) 145:8 person (4) 67:17 68:6
154:1 159:15
personal (4) 18:21
80:19 109:11,12 personalising (1) 5:25 personally (8) 77:13 77:20 80:18,21 83:8,13 90:22
137:20 persons (2) 25:19
Opus 2 International transcripts@opus2.com
Official Court Reporters +44 (0)20 3008 5900
170
April 14, 2016 Day 38
108:17 pockets (1) 19:1 80:2 81:6,22 85:2 presentation (1) 8:9 products (6) 138:10
persuade (2) 41:14 point (77) 3:15,25 86:22,24 87:5 presented (4) 145:18 138:13,14 139:16
48:13 8:17 13:14,22 14:2 90:15,19 93:14 146:19,21 151:10 139:19,21
pertaining (1) 90:4 14:8 17:20 18:16 95:21 96:20 104:24 presently (3) 49:20 professional (7) 11:3
Petersburg (14) 27:14 22:6,19 23:2 24:22 111:11 114:7 58:25 72:15 11:11 15:18 52:11
84:21 85:4,9 91:19 24:25 25:3 26:6 144:10 147:7,16 preserved (1) 142:20 53:2 54:3 86:10
108:23 117:23 30:11,17,18 32:23 155:12 157:24 president (2) 85:8 profile (1) 107:6
118:4 125:3 140:8 33:17 34:3,7 35:9 positions (1) 96:7 91:23 profit (3) 147:15,20
140:10 142:13 38:4 41:14 43:4 positive (1) 132:11 press (1) 89:5 148:3
143:10,23 44:5,24 45:13 possibilities (2) 73:18 presumably (5) 3:11 profitability (1) 28:14
petroleum (2) 139:21 46:12 50:22,23 123:16 105:17 139:15 profitable (2) 102:3,3
140:1 51:13 52:17 56:1,7 possibility (8) 44:1 153:18 156:13 profound (1) 27:24
physically (1) 137:25 57:6,23,24 58:19 53:16 100:5 111:6 pretty (6) 64:14,23,25 progress (1) 1:15
picture (3) 72:23 62:1 63:11 65:6 116:18 117:20 66:18 68:3 129:8 project (11) 95:8 97:9
135:6 146:20 67:19 68:1 69:6,15 139:5,7 previous (4) 23:4 97:10,11 102:1,7
piece (3) 125:24 70:11 72:3 78:12 possible (19) 6:15 9:6 80:15 103:17 103:2 105:6 114:15
128:15 136:11 90:18 105:17 13:13 23:24 39:4 120:13 114:18 117:20
pieces (1) 116:21 113:24 114:3 116:8 66:9 98:7 115:9 previously (2) 2:4 projects (9) 110:11
pile (1) 115:24 118:11 120:3 123:8 118:12,24,24 107:22 111:7 114:13,14,19
place (23) 15:17 25:11 123:19,24 124:5,8 124:19,24 125:12 price (4) 152:3,5,16 114:20 115:5 117:2
27:4 35:22 63:15 124:8,10 125:23 125:18,22,24 131:1 152:18 126:24
78:3,5,6 112:12,15 129:12 132:14,15 139:13 pride (1) 15:18 promoting (2) 21:3,5
113:5,17 114:5 134:16 136:23 possibly (6) 6:24 prima (1) 58:7 promotional (4) 83:10
116:4 119:12 137:22 146:12 12:18 33:18 55:24 primarily (1) 93:12 83:11,15 85:1
132:17 133:19 148:15 154:21 61:9 126:6 principal (1) 141:12 promptly (1) 90:16
134:24 145:25,25 156:15 159:14 postulating (1) 47:22 principle (5) 42:3 proper (3) 14:19
150:1,18 151:24 pointed (1) 104:20 potential (17) 12:6 82:25 95:16 130:7 26:19 63:7
placed (1) 60:9 points (17) 7:20 40:25 30:15 38:16 43:7,8 158:24 properly (3) 74:6
placing (1) 86:12 45:1 46:5 51:15 61:4 111:16 119:15 principles (1) 46:20 145:24 159:25
plain (1) 51:3 53:13 54:23 58:20 121:24 122:11 printout (1) 103:12 property (5) 36:5
plan (4) 133:9 148:9 59:3,18 66:21 69:7 123:18 125:16 priobretatel (1) 127:16 128:15
148:16,16 72:4,19 77:11 126:20 131:17,22 145:20 133:23 152:16
plank (1) 31:16 116:23 120:19 132:7 139:15 prior (9) 82:17 88:5 proportion (1) 9:20
planned (1) 14:3 police (2) 112:7 potentially (8) 9:19 89:22 113:1,14,19 proportionate (1)
plate (1) 149:16 137:24 13:17 24:1 35:6 113:22,25 149:18 46:9
play (3) 55:22 61:18 policies (1) 67:7 38:21 47:9 55:20 priori (1) 116:17 propose (5) 64:20
61:21 policy (5) 51:12 53:8 126:25 priorities (1) 71:24 65:9 66:18 73:12
played (1) 57:16 67:24 101:20,23 power (1) 132:15 priority (1) 115:8 92:8
players (1) 128:7 polite (1) 11:16 powers (1) 5:13 private (2) 103:21 proposed (4) 18:19
pleaded (1) 26:6 politely (1) 11:15 practical (3) 16:1 109:11 21:6 118:20 120:7
pleading (1) 22:22 political (1) 97:8 43:25 62:8 privilege (1) 12:19 prospectively (1)
please (38) 1:5 22:16 poor (1) 58:11 practically (1) 94:12 probability (1) 21:20 30:17
22:20 23:4,8,24 Popov (32) 7:9 8:13 practice (3) 8:11 probably (11) 5:12 prospects (1) 35:13
24:3,5 26:1 29:4,8 20:21 22:9 23:17 98:13 159:19 6:20,21 21:18 protect (4) 27:15
32:22 34:6 44:9,22 27:11 29:8,14,15 pray (1) 48:10 52:20 69:16 70:8 123:5,17 124:19
46:15 49:7,10 30:4,9,24 31:10 preceded (1) 10:5 102:15 115:8 160:4 protecting (1) 123:10
74:15,18 75:1,4,6 33:10,15 34:4,9 precise (1) 141:2 160:7 protection (3) 124:21
76:22 77:5,7 79:14 35:3,15 43:10 precisely (1) 151:21 problem (5) 17:10,11 125:6 138:16
88:8 91:3,5 97:18 46:22 56:18 59:20 predicating (1) 47:22 49:25 64:25 160:5 protocol (2) 152:9,22
103:8 106:5 107:3 60:2,5,15,17,21 predominant (1) 42:3 problematic (1) 22:5 protocols (3) 83:25
109:22 137:15 65:11 68:24 71:6 prefer (4) 21:24 43:15 problems (4) 20:9 152:21 153:4
152:7 157:16 72:12 48:24 53:20 27:21 53:21 61:5 proved (1) 71:9
pleasurable (1) Popov’s (16) 26:21 preference (3) 1:21 procedure (1) 143:9 proven (1) 18:9
161:18 28:9,13,16,19,25 6:14 60:20 procedures (2) 145:7 proverbial (1) 41:7
pledge (26) 112:12,19 29:4,18,25 32:15 preferences (3) 16:5 145:22 provide (1) 89:23
113:2 124:22 34:18 36:9 37:21 60:19 73:14 proceed (9) 16:18 provided (2) 154:4,9
131:22 133:6,13 37:22 56:16 72:10 preferred (1) 28:11 20:24 45:11 46:2 providers (1) 89:8
135:25 136:3,3,5 Popov/Steadman (5) prejudge (1) 66:13 70:24 71:5,9 provides (1) 138:15
136:10,11,19,20 1:11 7:1,4 62:14 prejudice (2) 59:16 160:25 161:7 provisional (3) 43:15
140:3,20,25 141:8 71:17 62:22 proceeded (1) 144:20 62:23 70:12
142:19 143:11,11 port (26) 113:7,12,14 prejudiced (1) 15:5 proceedings (32) 8:19 provisions (1) 142:16
149:10 159:2,6,18 113:17 115:1,2,7,9 preliminary (1) 119:14 8:21,23 9:1,3,10,14 pry (1) 73:17
pledged (15) 136:18 115:14,17 117:2,8 premature (1) 27:14 66:9 75:2,3,24 76:2 public (12) 94:13,20
141:13 142:13,25 117:12,17,21,23,24 premise (7) 18:2,5 76:9 78:20 136:7 94:25 111:10,17
143:5,6,15,22 117:25 118:3,4,15 39:10 46:5 48:5 144:21,25 145:4 112:11 133:12,18
158:2,12,13,20 118:25 127:11 51:4 57:11 146:1,4,13,17,22 138:23 148:6,6
159:5,5,13 136:4,7,14 premised (2) 23:19 147:12,13 148:5,20 150:18
pledges (2) 136:2 portfolio (1) 109:13 39:6 148:22 149:3 151:9 publication (3) 88:11
141:5 portray (1) 135:17 premises (1) 38:18 151:17 154:2 88:12 91:12
plenty (2) 19:22 20:8 Ports (2) 9:9 23:13 prepare (4) 8:13 proceeds (3) 46:5 published (2) 89:11
plot (16) 135:25 positing (1) 62:11 13:24 20:7 59:1 52:19 53:19 89:14
136:16 140:14,23 position (46) 8:11 prepared (7) 7:7 process (12) 13:1 punch (1) 22:7
141:13,19 142:5,12 9:10 10:2 14:22 10:18 60:25 61:1 21:19 26:12 45:17 purchase (3) 84:23
143:4,8 153:14,15 19:3 20:17,23,23 75:24 76:2,3 47:24 48:9,18 99:14 111:1
158:1,13 159:4,17 21:13,14 33:7 38:1 prepares (1) 15:13 61:11 69:24 71:16 purchased (1) 147:18
plus (1) 16:14 52:22 54:25 58:8 preparing (1) 13:10 72:18 156:14 purchaser (11) 30:16
pm (7) 101:1,8,10 61:16 64:2 65:18 prerogative (1) 60:13 processing (1) 77:25 119:3 132:1,7,8
137:12,14 161:10 66:16,24 67:2,6,9 present (4) 4:10 23:17 produced (2) 10:1,12 139:5,9 145:9,10
161:20 67:23 73:19 77:19 81:19 107:18 product (1) 140:1 145:17,21
purchasers (2) 106:20
111:16 pure (1) 148:25
purely (2) 97:20 99:9 purported (2) 148:6
150:18 purpose (17) 41:6
93:23 112:17,18 122:20,23,25 123:5 123:10 125:12 143:13 145:20 147:11 151:19,21 158:19 159:22
purposes (19) 3:22 4:3 5:23 71:6 72:1 111:12,24 112:20 123:7,21,23 124:19 125:6,8 139:8,20 141:23 144:4 155:24
pursuant (5) 32:7 134:11 143:3,9 148:5
pursue (2) 144:21,24 pursued (4) 9:2
123:11 126:21 146:14
pursuing (1) 123:9 pushes (1) 20:15 put (25) 9:1,3 13:16
14:22 22:17 24:16 35:22 38:1 43:16 48:7,12 54:6 55:15 56:1,11 63:21 64:18 68:16 71:2 90:12 127:14 133:4 139:6 151:18 160:13
putative (1) 30:14 puts (3) 8:13,15 21:13 putting (6) 30:6 69:9
127:18 132:16 136:14 154:8
Q
quantification (5) 24:8 24:20 32:6 36:11 38:7
quantum (10) 16:10 16:11,13 18:10 24:1 27:10 29:23 36:13 37:8,23
quasi (1) 4:19 query (2) 43:20 55:2 question (40) 4:24
21:16 22:4 25:5 27:13 33:16,20 36:14,22 40:1 41:2 41:4,19 44:18 46:18,24 47:4,20 48:25 51:20 57:19 60:23 62:14 65:17 67:9 77:15 97:17 103:17 105:21 109:3 115:8,13 120:14 124:20,21 124:24 126:13 140:11 145:15 150:24
questionable (2) 27:8 115:19
questions (11) 31:7 39:22 44:15 55:15 56:16 58:12 63:20 74:13 75:11 89:19 151:6
quick (1) 22:23 quickly (1) 34:8
quite (48) 2:14 7:21 8:1,3,7,20 9:7,21 11:4,6 12:2 17:24 18:1,3 20:3 21:19 31:6 41:6 43:11 59:11 61:15,16 66:25 68:10,16,18 70:13 76:14 85:12 88:4 90:22 94:17 97:17 101:25 115:1 119:5,19 122:9,25 123:8,22 127:19 131:22 139:13 143:2,2 149:21 152:24
quote (4) 31:24 91:11 125:13 133:18
quotes (1) 36:5
R
raid (4) 26:8,14 27:2,3 rails (6) 116:6,9,13,17
116:19,20 railway (9) 115:20
116:1,22 141:17 142:6 152:22 153:1 153:8,19
raise (3) 44:25 60:23 132:9
raised (2) 130:23,25 raising (3) 44:1 69:24
149:7 rare (1) 53:3 rash (1) 52:5
rate (2) 136:15 139:23 rationale (1) 121:3 Razvitie (4) 107:22,24
108:1,23 re-examination (2)
44:11,13 re-presented (1)
50:21 re-read (2) 66:14
121:5
reach (2) 25:1 76:25 reached (6) 52:3
70:11 72:2 110:2,3 159:8
read (35) 20:13 37:3 37:14 43:17,20 47:19,25 59:23 60:5 66:13 71:18 75:16,19,20,22,23 76:1,3,5,8 77:1,8 80:1 91:7,9 103:12 103:16 104:3 107:11 121:5,8 124:13,16 126:1 158:14
reading (6) 43:6 48:4 71:14 91:11 92:2 158:15
real (7) 24:10 41:24 55:2 59:16 131:11 159:4,16
realisation (4) 112:18 113:1 142:18 145:23
realise (7) 13:5 133:13 136:19,20 140:3 141:4 143:10
realised (7) 50:1 111:3,16 117:4 140:20 149:8,9
realistic (3) 21:7 43:25 69:20
reality (3) 74:7 92:5 146:23
Opus 2 International transcripts@opus2.com
Official Court Reporters +44 (0)20 3008 5900
171
April 14, 2016 Day 38
really (93) 4:7,11 7:5 47:6 129:10 98:20,21,22 99:5,7 resources (4) 8:17
8:18 9:11,17 11:1 regime (1) 95:9 99:12,17,17,25 9:17 51:16 55:13
11:10 12:14,20 region (3) 19:21 33:9 100:9,14 101:21 respect (13) 17:13
13:10,22,24,24 109:24 104:14,18,25 105:2 25:9 45:25 50:8
14:8,10,10,13,14 register (10) 94:18,20 105:4,8,9,10,12,16 58:12 63:24 78:19
15:15,22,22 16:8 95:12 98:9 108:20 105:20 106:3,4 80:9 100:12 136:9
17:25 18:6 20:4 131:14 155:23,24 107:1,19,21,24 147:18 149:11
22:2 23:18 25:13 156:2 159:16 108:1,23,25 109:1 154:5
26:22 34:21 35:16 registered (8) 123:12 109:10,14,18 respectable (1) 11:10
35:25 41:3,14 127:10 132:22,23 110:16,25 111:9,23 respectful (5) 24:18
43:22 46:19 47:22 143:7,11 156:22 112:3 113:2,11,16 26:16 36:12 37:17
51:23,24 54:6,8,21 159:21 114:12,15,20,25 54:24
54:23 55:1,2,6,21 registering (1) 159:15 115:3,5 116:25 respectfully (1) 32:11
57:4,7,14,20,25,25 registration (5) 156:8 117:4,6,17 119:20 respectively (3) 88:15
58:9 59:12 60:7,7 156:19 157:3,6 119:22 120:3,4,5 91:4 158:6
61:15 63:9,16 159:20 120:14 122:5 respects (2) 38:4 63:4
65:24 66:5 67:8,10 Registry (4) 136:12 125:19 126:7,11,17 responded (1) 50:5
67:12,20 68:7,22 154:8 155:24 126:23 129:5,5 response (1) 158:7
70:5 73:1 92:16,18 159:15 134:1,2,14,16 responsibility (1) 79:5
97:1 98:5 101:25 regroup (1) 61:7 135:1,12 137:5 responsible (1) 87:1
110:4 121:12 125:5 regular (2) 161:2,5 139:25 141:5 rest (3) 41:5,15 61:10
127:16 129:7,13 regulating (1) 88:6 142:23 143:16 resting (1) 26:6
131:9 135:1 146:3 regulation (1) 87:2 144:2,6,7,22 146:8 restore (1) 115:12
147:12 152:24 regulator (1) 88:1 148:7,10,11,12,23 restored (1) 5:18
155:12 158:17 reiterate (1) 127:4 148:23 150:4,5 restriction (1) 47:10
160:12,19,22,23 relation (9) 10:4 29:18 151:15 154:1,14,17 result (8) 8:25 87:14
reason (11) 5:5 10:8 50:22 52:9 58:11 156:5,22 133:5 136:6 145:16
11:11 17:6 47:4 67:2 142:19 157:24 Renord’s (3) 117:7 149:7,17 152:10
58:18 102:10 158:11 130:5 132:15 resulted (1) 147:16
123:20 127:13 relations (1) 93:1 Renord-Invest (30) resulting (1) 51:6
128:18 160:11 relationship (1) 79:20 80:10,13 results (1) 132:3
reasonable (2) 9:11 138:20 81:20 94:14,15,19 return (2) 38:19 62:13
9:13 relevance (1) 26:21 95:15 98:13 101:20 returning (1) 116:1
reasonably (1) 29:16 relevant (13) 28:14,17 102:1,6,23 103:2 reveals (1) 43:6
reasons (6) 33:20 32:4 37:15 39:11 103:13,20 104:23 reviewed (1) 35:12
64:22 87:24 88:2 41:5 44:19 47:7 104:24 106:23 revived (1) 45:22
97:5 124:10 63:12 64:24,25 110:10,20 111:3,11 revoke (1) 88:2
recall (13) 35:23 80:23 69:13 124:13 111:21 119:2,5 revoked (1) 87:16
84:13,23 102:24 relevantly (1) 124:16 121:17 123:11 rhetoric (2) 67:3,15
118:14 120:9 reliable (1) 104:9 140:7 147:2 right (85) 3:1 5:5 7:3
131:24 138:5 139:4 relied (1) 21:1 Renord-Invest’s (1) 7:19 12:24 19:10
140:5 152:20 relies (2) 30:8 44:13 110:9 20:10 21:2,22 23:2
156:18 reluctant (1) 15:8 rent (1) 130:17 24:15,16 25:6,24
received (5) 56:13 rely (3) 29:23 45:8 rep (1) 83:21 27:8 31:14,14
61:10 129:17 130:8 72:9 repeat (7) 29:3 50:15 32:20 34:24,24
131:1 remain (1) 145:10 65:5 95:13 97:17 38:15,17 40:17
receiving (1) 130:23 remainder (1) 6:6 120:4 140:14 41:6 44:4,7,9 45:14
reception (1) 58:4 remained (3) 114:7 repeatedly (1) 43:24 46:21 47:16 52:7
recollect (6) 29:1 119:14 144:14 replaced (1) 105:14 54:4 59:11 60:7,7
35:18 36:14 38:23 remaining (3) 143:23 reply (4) 66:23 102:11 61:12,25 70:14,18
44:8 49:6 152:23 153:7 102:14 162:6 76:11 77:11 79:8
recollection (4) 33:8 remains (1) 33:7 repo (7) 112:17,20,22 83:18 84:20 86:19
121:6 153:7,11 remember (17) 5:7 134:11,17,23 89:13 99:18 100:22
Reconstruction (3) 8:4 26:4,12 35:21 135:15 101:2,14,17,18
84:21 85:4,9 39:1 51:6 66:1 report (6) 1:6 13:4,6 103:7 109:20 110:5
reconvene (3) 61:7 86:11 89:10 115:10 13:21 29:4 30:10 112:1,11 113:4
100:25 101:3 118:11 119:10 reported (1) 155:2 116:25 120:12,18
recorded (1) 81:16 120:25 153:4 154:4 reporting (1) 154:25 121:2,9 122:9
records (2) 94:13,25 156:11 reports (7) 7:9,16 133:10 134:8,15,19
recur (1) 145:11 remembered (1) 20:12 34:18 60:5 135:2 136:14
reduce (5) 19:6 119:11 68:22 109:17 138:13,24 141:1,20
131:21 132:24 reminded (1) 44:10 representatives (1) 143:2 149:1,5,21
133:20 147:12 remove (2) 132:16 137:25 150:7 152:2,24
reduced (1) 132:18 145:8 request (1) 91:11 154:16,20 155:18
reduction (2) 133:5,8 remunerate (1) requested (1) 81:7 158:21
reference (5) 22:23 105:20 require (7) 2:9 6:11 right-hand (1) 75:6
36:21 38:12 47:9 remunerated (1) 17:21 18:25 31:22 rightly (4) 8:3 67:5
74:22 105:17 45:10 63:22 92:12 104:20
references (4) 28:22 Renord (144) 25:17 required (11) 5:6,9,10 rights (3) 142:23
32:17 38:8 79:9 77:13,20 78:10,24 5:25 6:8 71:18 150:7 151:20
referring (2) 80:5,6 79:4 80:17 81:1,3 115:12 117:12 riot (2) 112:7 137:24
refinancing (1) 69:20 81:11,23 85:11,13 139:17 154:5,13 rise (2) 116:7 161:1
reflect (1) 81:13 85:21 86:4 93:10 requires (2) 9:21 18:6 risk (13) 8:15,23 9:3
reflective (1) 17:10 93:11,11 94:24 requiring (1) 58:13 12:8 16:2 61:24
reforms (3) 87:15 95:1,4,5,12,22,24 requisite (1) 63:16 101:1 102:4,5
88:17,25 96:2,3,7,14,16,18 reservation (1) 48:7 103:3 118:21 144:9
refresh (1) 121:6 96:19,22 97:3,5,13 resolved (1) 7:5 145:10
refused (1) 50:24 97:13,14,15,25 resort (1) 21:25 risking (1) 22:2
regard (4) 21:14 47:6 98:4,5,7,11,17,19 resource (1) 55:11 risks (6) 118:12,15,19
118:24,25 145:8 road (1) 48:15
rod (1) 63:19
role (3) 8:22 88:18 118:23
roles (1) 155:7 room (1) 19:22
Roslyakovskiy (1)
153:5 roubles (1) 17:4
roughly (3) 17:8 19:11 94:8
route (2) 1:17 61:14 RPC (2) 5:20 6:4 RUB (6) 33:10 136:6
140:18 152:2,5,16 rule (5) 69:17 71:3
95:4 103:23 104:18 ruled (1) 150:6
rules (5) 16:13 41:6 41:10 47:5,21
ruling (1) 50:20 rulings (1) 55:5 rumour (1) 136:24 run (1) 116:17 running (3) 38:13 97:1
101:1 runs (1) 5:17
rupture (1) 153:14 rushing (1) 70:4 Russia (4) 9:8 87:2
90:6 92:11
Russian (38) 1:11,18 2:13,25 3:23 4:13 6:11 8:24 71:9 76:12,23 79:16,18 86:23 91:7,23 92:4 93:19 102:16 103:9 103:11,15,22 106:7 107:5 110:15 120:11 124:25 132:2 141:21 142:16 143:3 144:25 145:19 147:24 152:8 157:11,18
Russians (1) 6:23
S
safeguard (2) 100:5 100:10
safely (4) 37:10,21 56:15 63:15 safety (2) 3:4 66:2
sale (12) 78:19 99:13 99:15 114:8 133:18 148:6,6 152:5,10 155:22,22 156:12
sand (1) 27:23
Sankt-Peterburga (3)
107:23,24 108:1 satellite (1) 22:1 satisfactorily (1) 15:14 satisfactory (2) 20:14
59:10
save (2) 4:19 5:15 saved (1) 13:24 saw (2) 43:25 114:3
saying (34) 15:1 16:23 17:25 20:1 31:3 40:14 45:10 61:2 62:19 72:7 82:7 89:25 94:4 98:7 99:5 100:6 109:14 113:13 115:4,15 116:19,25 117:3,10 125:1 127:23 129:9 130:12,13 131:5
138:4 147:11 148:25 149:3
says (17) 27:11 30:9 30:24 35:9 49:16 49:19 59:20 81:4 82:6 100:14 107:14 108:6,11 110:9,24 120:14 125:14
Scan (5) 27:1 34:7,15 34:16 69:8
scan-read (1) 158:3
Scandinavia (15)
23:16 26:23 32:24 33:4 34:5,10,13,15 34:17,20 35:3,11 78:15,18 106:18
scans (1) 24:10 scattered (2) 116:20
116:21 scenario (2) 22:6
151:1 scenarios (2) 16:9
127:7 scenery (1) 5:12 scenes (1) 41:8 scheme (4) 26:2,3
90:7 131:11 schemes (1) 112:20 scoop (1) 37:21 screen (8) 22:21 37:13
49:7 77:6 88:9 138:25 142:11 157:23
script (1) 107:11 scroll (21) 23:23 24:3
44:22 76:25 77:5 79:18 81:18 91:3 103:13 107:16 108:14 110:12,15 110:18 121:2 124:17 142:10,15 152:14 157:17,22
search (4) 71:24 94:23 97:19 98:8
second (15) 10:11 20:1,11 29:5 37:5 37:11 40:2,3 42:18 42:18 45:13 106:13 107:2 115:12 136:11
secondary (1) 141:16 Secondly (3) 8:16
27:11 68:1
section (4) 79:24
107:12 108:16,17
sections (5) 116:6,9,9 116:19,20
sector (1) 87:10 sectors (1) 115:7 secure (1) 71:1 secured (4) 112:3
135:24 136:2,15
securities (2) 83:22
88:23
security (2) 127:15
136:8
see (93) 13:7 17:6 18:11 19:25 21:2 23:5,9,24 24:3,8,11 30:5 32:20,22 33:1 33:12,15 34:19 35:2 37:20 38:21 39:22 41:18 42:12 43:5 44:14 45:25 48:25 49:3 52:2 55:14,16,17,20 58:22 60:6,6 61:6 69:22 70:24 74:5,6 81:17 90:22 91:6
93:23,24 94:21 95:1 98:1,1,9 99:15 101:16 102:18,19 106:10,13,17 107:7 107:11,14,18 108:3 108:5,10,16 110:7 111:1 116:13 119:25 120:1 123:16 124:12 126:3 138:8 141:25 142:1,11,17,20,21 152:13,15,23 154:1 154:12 157:20,23 158:3,6,15 159:2
seeing (2) 39:7 68:21 seek (4) 32:13 60:24 64:17 136:19
seeking (2) 32:2,3 seemingly (1) 51:22 seen (1) 7:13
sees (2) 29:8 101:17 seize (1) 26:3 selectively (1) 87:20 sell (3) 117:5 120:6
134:1
semi-dilapidated (1)
115:13 send (1) 73:13 sends (1) 158:7
sense (5) 35:13 41:20 45:4 54:5 125:5
sentence (1) 37:5 separate (1) 153:1 September (6) 112:12
112:14,16,16 113:5 157:22
Sergeevich (1) 105:7 series (4) 58:20
145:16 148:8 158:19
serious (1) 32:12 seriousness (1) 46:10 served (1) 145:24 service (2) 78:21
152:12
services (7) 89:8,16 89:24 90:21,23 91:1 138:15 servicing (1) 83:1 set (14) 10:6 14:18 17:21 33:1 35:7 49:8 55:1,7,8,8
71:2 130:3 131:15 142:16
setting (2) 58:21 152:9
severe (1) 65:24
Sevzapalians (27)
94:24 112:7,8 134:10,19 135:10 135:13 136:19 137:24 144:13,16 144:20,23,24 145:4 146:2,7,20 147:1 147:17 150:8,13,16 150:20 151:1,11,24
Sevzapalians’ (2)
135:9 147:12 sham (1) 132:21 shape (2) 13:16,23 shareholder (13)
80:22 96:4 98:9,10 99:16 107:19,23 108:4 134:20 135:11,18,21 144:16
shareholders (7)
96:19 97:13,20 98:2,15 104:1
Opus 2 International transcripts@opus2.com
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April 14, 2016 Day 38
107:17 sites (1) 30:23 45:15 48:8,8 50:21 24:25 25:2 46:12 68:20 71:22 72:5 successful (4) 19:2
shareholders’ (1) sitting (2) 128:15 52:2 54:25 57:22 79:17,24 80:16 72:20 73:3,8 74:1,5 86:7,9 87:25
104:8 153:25 58:11 62:23 91:8 120:9 125:14 74:9 75:11,13,14 successfully (1)
shareholding (10) situation (11) 8:10 sorted (1) 74:6 starts (4) 26:14 91:3,11 101:4,13 104:10
80:16 95:23 99:9 38:5 39:6 46:6 sorts (2) 70:20 92:13 141:21 152:8 101:15,19 102:12 suddenly (2) 57:18
99:14 109:16 53:25 59:4 60:16 sought (2) 142:24 157:12 102:15,19 103:6 100:6
150:13,17 151:8,16 64:14 128:22 143:10 state (8) 27:17 48:3 106:12,15,17 124:2 suffering (1) 27:20
151:19 135:17 148:17 sound (4) 2:18 52:8 94:20 108:20 114:4 124:8,11 127:19 sufficient (5) 16:15
shareholdings (1) six (2) 62:5,6 54:5 106:1 117:10,14 141:16 128:24 129:1 137:9 46:25 56:3 62:25
80:9 size (2) 24:7 33:9 source (4) 80:11 stated (1) 107:12 137:15,19 149:19 128:11
shares (17) 80:24 81:5 skeleton (4) 17:18 89:23 105:22 118:9 statement (34) 10:2 149:21 155:19 suggest (8) 16:8 18:5
81:23 82:4,8,11 18:1,4 30:18 sources (1) 91:19 63:25 74:22,23,25 159:24 160:3,11,15 77:16,18 101:2
98:14 99:11 106:18 SKIF (2) 106:22,25 space (1) 128:9 75:1,3,5,8,10,17,18 160:18 161:4 162:4 122:24 156:11
134:10,14,17,21,24 skills (1) 72:17 SPARK (4) 94:20 107:6 75:20,22,23 76:3 162:6,9 160:24
135:14 151:2,25 Sklyarevsky (9) 75:21 107:8 108:21 76:12,23 79:8,10 Stroilov’s (6) 38:19 suggested (7) 68:11
sheet (1) 33:4 76:4,6 77:23 84:1,7 speak (3) 76:16 82:23 79:15,22 82:16 40:2 42:18 49:24 68:13,24 88:16,23
sheets (2) 32:25 33:19 85:14,25 92:20 101:5 93:16 94:17 104:14 51:2 54:7 113:24 123:15
shell (1) 30:16 Sklyarevsky’s (1) speaking (11) 19:11 106:6 109:23 119:2 structure (4) 79:20 suggesting (18) 72:9
shift (1) 16:2 75:22 77:12 97:12 106:13 120:2,10 138:24 84:5 95:20 126:4 78:8 87:24 89:21
ships (1) 138:15 slabs (2) 115:23 116:5 121:20 128:17 146:16,25 structured (1) 95:5 92:3,9 95:18 98:12
short (3) 73:24 84:15 sleep (2) 65:20 67:4 136:5 152:4 153:3 statements (4) 63:8 struggling (1) 157:7 98:15 108:12
137:13 sleepers (1) 115:24 153:24 156:12 76:1 119:9,10 stuck (4) 1:6 17:6 59:5 113:11 114:25
shortly (3) 62:15 slight (1) 52:11 special (3) 93:23 Steadman (37) 8:12 72:19 126:15 135:7
150:12,12 slightly (5) 2:17 39:14 96:11 127:12 9:18,21,25 10:16 studied (1) 139:14 152:23,25 153:2
show (5) 42:20 76:18 70:5 132:14 154:17 specialist (1) 158:8 18:6,25 20:7 23:18 stuff (1) 128:10 158:17
102:8 155:15 slot (1) 71:16 specific (7) 7:21 80:6 29:9 32:21,23 33:1 style (1) 66:10 suggestion (2) 20:11
157:10 slow (3) 155:17,19 80:7 82:24 95:6 41:3 43:2,11 46:12 sub (19) 121:10 122:7 125:9
showing (2) 48:22 157:8 101:25 126:12 46:22 48:24 50:22 122:11,12,13,16 suggests (4) 73:21
89:18 small (1) 136:23 specifically (1) 138:3 51:23 52:10,10,24 126:5,7,16,18 139:10 156:3
shown (4) 28:20 smaller (2) 126:13 speculate (2) 94:10 53:7,19 55:18,22 127:2,15 128:1,19 158:18
94:13,18 95:15 128:20 140:13 56:3 57:15 58:17 128:20 129:13,20 sui (1) 127:12
shy (1) 17:19 Smirnov (59) 75:17 speculation (1) 59:21 60:2,25 130:22 132:3 sum (1) 13:15
side (10) 1:18 39:15 76:4 77:23 79:10 125:25 61:22 63:21 72:2 subheading (1) 125:6 summarily (1) 127:21
54:6,10 64:11 79:15,19 81:4,7,12 spend (2) 13:11 66:3 Steadman’s (2) 17:22 subject (4) 5:13 49:20 summarise (2) 44:19
70:15 122:23 81:19,21 82:3,6,7,8 spent (4) 57:17 68:2 30:10 58:21 159:5 123:2
123:18 132:17 82:11,12,13,14,15 70:18,19 steal (6) 23:19 25:3,7 subjective (1) 8:1 summarising (1)
136:14 83:19,19 84:9 85:8 spillover (1) 3:3 26:14 27:3,3 submission (26) 14:10 124:3
side’s (1) 59:2 85:15 92:20 93:11 split (12) 7:8,15 16:6 stenographers (1) 16:14 22:19 24:18 summary (6) 36:9
siding (1) 57:18 93:17 97:8 100:3 16:6,10,12 21:6 102:14 24:22 25:8 26:16 97:6 124:4 129:5
signature (1) 75:6 100:14 106:6,17,21 40:5 41:16,20,23 step (2) 40:10 149:15 36:12 37:17,22 131:12 145:1
signed (2) 83:25 109:15,16,17 110:7 126:13 steps (2) 60:24 141:9 39:2,25 41:11 summer (1) 112:16
143:20 110:18,24 114:21 splitting (2) 25:2 stick (1) 116:13 42:12 46:8 50:12 summons (10) 12:6,9
significance (1) 44:15 115:15 117:22,25 36:23 sticking (1) 116:6 50:14 51:15 54:24 14:18 21:18 53:20
significant (3) 37:9 118:10,16,21 119:8 sponsored (1) 5:8 stock (1) 1:13 56:20 57:3,4 60:10 57:6,8 58:16,22
100:8 115:11 119:17 120:14 sport (2) 161:9,12 stood (2) 65:12 71:7 60:14 62:16 67:15 61:25
significantly (2) 43:12 125:21 126:8 137:7 spotted (1) 2:3 stop (3) 44:3 66:4 submissions (45) 6:25 summonsed (2) 14:17
49:14 139:23,24 140:12 spreading (1) 55:23 83:14 7:10,12,13,18,22 63:22
similar (1) 147:17 154:15 155:2,8 spring (1) 45:1 stopping (1) 143:17 9:24 22:15,17 sums (1) 11:5
Similarly (1) 94:23 Smirnov’s (8) 80:6 spruce (1) 6:18 store (1) 25:11 25:20 31:23 39:18 superhuman (1) 161:9
Simonova (21) 16:22 81:5,24 84:1 spur (1) 153:5 story (1) 148:4 39:24 40:23,25 supplant (1) 47:5
18:13,19 28:15,20 109:12,22 119:10 SPV (1) 35:11 straddles (2) 24:9 42:11 43:20 48:1 supplies (3) 138:10
28:21,24 29:13,17 120:2 squash (3) 16:4 60:18 60:15 49:8,12 50:16 54:7 139:17 140:1
30:2,22 31:12 32:9 so-called (2) 88:19 60:19 straightaway (1) 54:19 58:1,3,9 59:8 supplying (1) 138:22
45:2 56:8 59:22 112:11 St (14) 27:14 84:21 33:13 59:14 63:15 65:2,5 support (2) 31:22
60:4,8,12 68:25 sold (7) 112:12 85:4,9 91:19 strain (1) 5:15 66:14,23 67:1,20 49:2
69:2 114:24 117:5 152:2 108:23 117:23 strategy (3) 13:10 68:13 69:18 70:3 suppose (17) 3:3 4:24
Simonova’s (10) 17:8 153:1,10 156:4 118:4 125:3 140:8 141:5,11 70:21 71:13,15 14:17 20:4 54:2
19:6,19,23 28:11 sole (2) 135:18,18 140:10 142:13 street (1) 47:2 73:9 162:4,5,6 59:6 80:14 86:25
29:6,9 31:2,12 32:5 Solo (1) 94:23 143:10,23 stress (1) 65:24 submit (6) 8:10 19:7 107:10 112:5,16,24
simple (3) 14:12 soluble (1) 27:21 stacked (1) 115:24 stressed (2) 8:1 66:25 32:11 40:8 46:18 139:17 142:1 144:2
76:18 148:20 solution (6) 16:2 42:2 staff (1) 91:14 strict (2) 72:2 87:6 69:21 145:14 157:14
simpler (1) 17:10 43:16 61:4,14 stage (11) 12:18 13:12 strike (1) 42:6 submitted (2) 29:13 supposedly (1) 116:4
simpliciter (1) 30:14 62:12 33:3 37:11 64:17 Stroilov (115) 1:5,18 38:10 supposing (4) 15:2
simply (32) 3:18 8:10 solvency (1) 34:13 64:19 69:13 72:14 2:12,22 3:1,10,13 subsequent (3) 28:5 18:17 97:19 150:25
9:23 12:19 13:3,15 somewhat (2) 11:3 119:14 125:19 4:6,12,18,23 5:2 52:23 106:19 sure (20) 11:7 22:25
20:13,25 21:7,24 12:13 133:24 6:10 7:4,12,13,20 subsequently (1) 36:19 38:9 55:24
65:13,21 66:3,15 soon (4) 38:20 156:13 staged (1) 48:9 10:3,15,23 11:6,23 66:17 62:11 77:15 78:10
72:4 80:5 82:5 156:14,21 stake (1) 104:1 12:2,16 13:8 14:8 subsidiaries (2) 94:13 90:21 103:14
89:18 97:2 99:23 sorry (28) 1:22 2:22 stand (2) 2:12 67:23 14:24 15:4,9,19 95:12 105:15,21 108:5
109:4 111:2 115:22 5:4 18:3 30:2 32:3 stand-alone (1) 35:13 16:8,20 17:2,8,24 subsidiary (6) 96:8 109:3 126:10 130:2
118:8 119:16 34:7 42:9 44:14 standalone (1) 34:21 18:3,23 19:5,11,16 144:22 147:4 133:13 135:4 142:2
120:25 121:16 47:12 48:5,21 standards (1) 36:8 19:24 20:4,13,22 148:23 150:21 150:24
131:1,10,10 137:4 56:23 57:2 58:5 start (7) 16:10 17:1 21:5,12,23 22:10 151:5 surmount (1) 44:6
145:4 68:12 89:12 90:25 37:20 93:6 112:25 22:13 29:12 30:11 substance (2) 11:9,11 surprised (2) 53:11
simultaneous (1) 4:16 91:5 102:9,20 115:22 161:13 36:15 44:11,12,14 substantial (2) 8:14 54:14
sir (4) 101:25 126:1 124:9 137:18 started (4) 83:15 44:17 49:9,16 50:5 33:13 surprising (2) 11:3
127:5 150:24 149:20 157:7,9 90:24 111:5 130:22 52:15 54:20 60:1,9 substantially (1) 13:3
sit (6) 2:9,20 74:15 159:24 161:10 starting (13) 1:19 60:18 65:19 66:20 153:10 surrounding (1) 20:17
130:19 156:8 161:2 sort (11) 27:22 42:15 22:18 23:2 24:22 66:23,24 67:16 succeed (1) 16:16 survive (1) 9:12
survived (1) 35:14 suspect (1) 6:22 SV-15 (1) 142:5 SV-16 (1) 142:5 Svetlana (3) 154:18
157:13,21
sympathy (2) 66:6
137:4 system (5) 99:11
107:9 108:8 155:19 157:8
T
table (1) 67:11 tacks (1) 62:9 tail (1) 43:18
take (33) 1:13 6:21 11:20,21 13:11,14 14:2,8,25 21:2 31:21 36:18,20 49:10 56:3,6 61:21 62:5 63:15 68:12 78:1,3,5,6 97:9 108:7 123:1 127:16 133:18 145:25,25 150:1 156:10
taken (11) 19:18 33:12 60:24 96:22 97:8 112:6 124:24 134:7 137:25 141:10 151:23
takes (3) 40:10 64:15 155:22
tale (1) 51:23 talk (1) 112:20 talked (1) 111:15 talking (2) 83:19
142:8
target (2) 27:2 102:3 targeting (1) 88:1 tasks (1) 155:9 Tatyana (1) 157:14 tax (9) 51:11 147:10
147:12,15,20 148:2 148:2,3 152:12
taxable (2) 147:6,9 taxation (1) 95:9 taxed (1) 40:13 team (5) 82:22,22
83:4,15 95:21 technical (2) 108:9
160:5
Telemed (1) 99:4 telescope (1) 25:10 tell (18) 11:1,17 33:18
39:14 74:1 77:8 80:2 84:3 87:17 88:10 89:3 110:2,3 114:19 122:14 155:12 157:5 161:10
telling (3) 52:4 69:10 159:13
tells (3) 51:23 89:4 119:18
temporary (1) 27:20 tempting (1) 68:4 tenant (7) 121:21
122:11,13 126:16 127:2 128:15 132:6
tenants (6) 122:12 126:20 128:1,20 129:14 130:19
tender (1) 60:21 tendered (1) 139:4 tends (1) 59:24 tenet (1) 31:20
term (8) 128:4 129:10
Opus 2 International transcripts@opus2.com
Official Court Reporters +44 (0)20 3008 5900
173
April 14, 2016 Day 38
130:15,21,24 131:2 4:12,13,19 5:2,9 time (101) 2:8,15 3:4 tramlines (2) 116:11
132:6,11 6:13,20 7:4,17,21 5:14 13:7,9 19:13 116:16
terminal (92) 17:9,9 10:15,16 11:9 12:7 20:3,7,8 36:20 trams (1) 116:17
17:11 23:15 26:23 14:14 16:9,20 39:15 41:17 61:6,8 tramways (1) 116:14
26:24 27:1 28:12 17:17 19:5,12,16 62:17,18 63:7,9 transaction (18) 33:5
28:12 29:7,11 19:19 20:8 21:12 64:4 67:5,25 71:14 77:13,16,20 78:2,6
44:16 78:13,17 22:10,21,23,24 73:4 74:3 75:17 78:9,12,24 118:12
105:13,16 110:17 29:1,16 32:23 78:12 82:20 83:14 118:13,20 134:18
112:3,6,10 113:2,8 33:11 35:15,19 83:23 84:1,7,10,14 134:23 135:16
113:9,21 114:2,3 38:3,15 39:18,23 84:15,17,25 86:8 144:10 155:23
114:11,13 115:6,21 40:14 44:10,18 86:10 87:8 89:7,9 156:2
117:1,13 120:8 45:8,9,18 46:4 48:4 90:18 92:4 100:17 transactions (8) 25:17
121:12,18,20,24 49:11,14,19 51:10 105:3 108:22 33:9 77:22 97:4
122:19,21 125:21 51:11 52:5,8,16,19 110:20,25 111:9,10 145:17 148:9
126:23 127:24 53:18,24 55:23 111:21,22 114:12 155:11 158:19
129:3 130:4,11,22 56:7 57:25 58:2,7 117:14 118:17 transcript (4) 1:9
134:7,11,20 135:5 60:13 62:21 63:18 123:3 125:23 72:24 76:5 102:20
135:8,19,21 136:1 64:4,5,13,22 65:10 128:16 129:12,17 transcripts (4) 55:17
137:21 139:11,18 65:19 66:13,14,18 130:13,16 132:9,16 76:8 123:1 124:7
141:7,13,25 142:25 66:20,24 68:1,4,11 133:8,18,22,24 transfer (4) 106:18
143:15,18,21,22,25 68:23 69:23 71:23 134:10,16,23 143:14 151:16
144:12,17,19,23 72:6,9,12,13,14,15 136:24 138:21 156:22
146:2,8,21 147:1,6 72:16 73:4 76:19 139:14 140:19 transferred (5) 80:17
147:14,18,20 79:12,21 81:18 144:3,24 146:7,20 150:13,16 151:8
150:14,17 151:2,12 82:16,21 83:17 147:6 148:15 156:23
152:1 153:6,13,20 84:15 85:2,15,24 150:16,18 151:20 transferring (1)
153:22,23 154:6,18 85:24 88:10,16 154:4,19,21 155:22 151:19
155:11 157:25 89:24 93:8,11 156:1,15,15,24 translated (1) 124:14
Terminal’s (1) 135:2 94:12 97:1 101:4 157:4 159:14,19 translation (2) 74:23
terminate (4) 122:6 102:9,10,13,15,15 160:1,4,6,17 91:6
122:14 126:17 102:21 103:9,11,15 161:15 transparent (1) 67:8
128:2 105:5 107:16,18,22 times (2) 83:24 119:2 transpired (1) 136:17
terminated (3) 122:4 108:10 117:6 timescale (1) 62:12 transport (1) 139:17
122:7 132:1 118:21 119:1 timetable (1) 71:10 transportation (4)
terminating (1) 120:21 121:3 timetabling (1) 1:12 138:12 139:15,19
143:17 123:15,18 124:12 timing (4) 22:7 58:2 139:21
termination (3) 126:5 124:12,16,17 125:5 62:13 73:9 transports (1) 138:14
132:2,3 125:24 126:2 127:5 tiny (3) 140:15 160:20 transshipment (2)
terms (34) 1:10,11,18 127:20 128:17 160:23 113:20,23
10:21 11:9 13:16 129:1 132:14 136:5 today (11) 1:10 6:22 treasury (2) 34:5,20
18:9 22:7 24:4 137:19 139:2 141:1 44:10 54:20 62:24 treat (1) 9:17
26:21 35:22 43:23 141:3 142:10 143:8 69:17 81:23 119:2 tremendous (1) 62:9
54:2 58:1 59:20 145:14 149:25 140:23 160:15 trial (24) 7:24 8:9,15
66:8,24 110:13 150:4,10,12 152:4 161:6 8:20 9:1 13:1 16:10
115:19 122:3,15 152:18,20 153:8 today’s (1) 39:12 16:13 21:9 26:6
129:2,16 130:14 154:22 155:16 token (1) 54:12 29:15 36:23 37:11
131:2,6,14,19 156:14,15,24 157:8 told (12) 2:6 37:12 39:3,9 40:6 41:16
133:3,5 135:15 157:17 158:8 160:5 53:7,8,12,21 70:1 41:19,23 45:22
149:7 154:16 160:12,19,23 161:5 82:11 83:5 85:25 47:4 63:4 70:11
156:24 161:17 123:3 153:18 71:1
terrible (2) 22:2 64:24 thinking (9) 13:20 tolerably (1) 37:8 tricky (1) 13:24
test (3) 18:7 53:6 37:25 42:21 72:16 tomorrow (9) 160:13 tried (1) 54:11
72:14 114:23 128:8,17 160:14,17,21,24 trouble (2) 66:7 67:13
tested (2) 59:9,13 136:25 141:11 161:2,8,10,19 troubled (1) 12:20
testing (2) 42:17 third (13) 13:12 14:2 tone (1) 10:22 true (9) 25:18 30:25
47:23 21:15 22:1 98:2 tool (1) 131:13 67:22 69:14 75:9
text (1) 103:14 119:3,6,21,23 top (10) 14:14 83:20 75:10 92:10 98:16
thank (16) 22:12,13 127:2 133:14 139:8 85:12,20 103:18 134:9
65:16 73:15 74:15 148:23 110:14 127:18 truly (2) 63:11 64:2
75:11 77:4,5 Thirdly (2) 28:9 29:12 142:11 157:16,20 truncated (1) 48:8
100:22 101:7 103:5 thought (8) 3:5 12:22 topic (1) 46:16 trust (7) 89:5 92:19,25
106:9,16 109:25 37:2 40:13 45:17 total (4) 136:22 152:4 100:19,21 108:8
112:1 149:21 62:1 74:5 124:4 152:5,16 134:21
theoretically (1) 50:7 thoughts (2) 70:12 totally (4) 95:14 truth (1) 89:4
thereabouts (1) 139:2 89:18 126:19 138:22 try (17) 9:8 12:12
thing (11) 6:19 15:14 thousands (1) 94:8 151:11 25:25 39:21 40:9
16:24 22:8 31:4,5 threaten (1) 9:14 touch (1) 81:8 61:17 65:14 66:12
50:4 59:17 62:15 threats (1) 66:8 town (1) 116:14 70:24 73:5 119:6
65:21 142:8 three (18) 2:13,25 3:2 track (4) 116:22 153:5 119:23 123:2
things (22) 2:10 5:21 3:5 7:2 22:8 57:6 153:8,25 136:20 146:19
7:2 9:19 10:21 62:6 113:3,6,7,13 tracks (10) 115:20 154:16 161:9
12:20 14:12 15:24 113:15 128:5 137:3 116:1 142:7 153:8 trying (15) 13:16
38:5 43:25 48:3,9 138:6 153:9 161:5 153:9,12,14,16,19 38:17 42:10 68:6
52:12 54:10 64:24 throughput (1) 31:7 153:22 78:7,22 83:6 95:19
66:7 78:7 80:7 thrown (1) 127:17 traffic (3) 1:7 54:22 99:10 111:8 123:11
124:6 132:10 thrust (1) 60:6 72:21 130:9 142:22
136:17 161:18 Thursday (1) 1:1 trail (1) 160:9 159:11,12
think (181) 1:5 2:3,13 tidying (1) 6:7 trajectory (1) 116:23 Tsennyje (1) 83:22
2:14,16,18 3:1 4:7 timber (2) 113:20,23 Trak (1) 80:18 Tuesday (1) 1:9
tune (1) 16:18 unreliability (1) 59:22 vice (2) 85:8 91:23
turn (5) 32:18 60:3 unsatisfactory (2) videolink (4) 3:22
62:3 75:4 112:8 57:13,18 4:24 5:1 6:11
turned (1) 136:7 untrue (1) 50:9 view (14) 14:25 15:15
turns (1) 5:3 updated (1) 108:20 15:23,24 19:9 22:6
two (43) 4:12 7:20 upsurge (1) 86:11 35:4 41:16 48:17
17:12 19:13 20:6,8 use (9) 34:4 111:18,19 48:20 55:19,19
23:14,19 24:9,13 115:9 117:6 119:24 123:8,19
24:16 26:9 27:1 139:7,15 142:7 violation (1) 159:18
29:21 30:19,19 usually (2) 81:15 vis-a-vis (1) 104:24
31:8 38:5 40:25 99:21 visit (3) 49:2 138:3,6
45:1 47:10 56:21 utilised (1) 50:1 visiting (1) 137:20
57:4 60:12 69:3 vital (4) 9:15 14:11
91:18 123:16 125:6 V 40:25 43:23
125:7 128:5 136:2 valid (1) 150:6 Vladimir (1) 85:14
142:3,6,20 146:14 Vladimirovna (3)
validity (1) 31:20
146:15,22 150:5 74:12,20 162:7
valuable (9) 23:14,20
152:21 153:4,9 Volodina (1) 123:2
25:3 26:9,14 27:7
155:3,9 Vyborg (3) 136:4,7,14
27:19 141:7 142:4
two-way (1) 47:2
valuation (13) 13:21
type (1) 159:21 W
14:11 16:22 17:4,8
wait (3) 6:10 11:24
19:7,19 28:14 29:6
U
29:10 49:17,17 156:9
ultimately (3) 11:10 64:11 waiting (2) 137:16
43:22 56:14 valuations (4) 16:14 160:9
uncertain (2) 35:22 18:10,18 32:5 waiver (1) 12:18
68:18 value (31) 23:21 wall (1) 55:15
uncommercial (3) 24:19 25:12,15,18 want (24) 4:19,25
131:19,21 133:4 26:25 28:9 30:22 20:25 21:8,10
uncontrollable (1) 31:13 33:3 36:4 46:14,22 47:3
104:6 44:20 60:11,11 48:23 51:18 52:20
undergrowth (1) 68:18 69:11 103:23 52:23,25 55:12,15
69:23 104:7 131:22 62:22 68:22 104:23
underlying (5) 17:15 132:18,24 133:6,8 124:2,3 127:16
18:2,4,20 38:18 136:4,21 140:14,17 142:2 154:16
undermine (3) 9:9 141:6,19 152:4 160:10
68:24 69:2 153:16 wanted (3) 6:20
understand (39) 4:3,4 valuer (1) 47:10 128:18 133:19
12:5 40:5 41:13 valuers (2) 47:10 wants (1) 13:4
46:15 47:20 48:16 60:12 warehouse (1) 128:9
49:5 63:13 64:1 values (8) 12:25 24:3 warehousing (3)
65:1 68:16,19 26:22 29:23 30:1,3 115:18,19 117:13
70:23 75:16 76:17 32:10 43:23 warrant (1) 108:18
77:15 78:22 83:6 valuing (1) 28:11 wary (1) 66:16
83:18 84:10 89:3 valve (1) 3:5 wasn’t (13) 11:6,23
94:17 95:19,21 varied (3) 129:16 12:2 34:20 38:6
99:10 100:14 130:7 131:3 53:12 67:8,12
104:23 107:10 various (20) 30:23 105:18 112:17,17
111:8 112:2 115:6 32:16 37:21 49:8 115:11 122:10
130:9 134:6 135:4 52:12 69:11 70:12 waste (2) 13:7 41:15
154:16,18 159:22 73:11,16 84:5 93:2 watch (1) 37:21
understanding (8) 94:15 96:7,17 98:6 water (4) 17:1 18:19
10:11 12:2 72:2 98:13,14 111:14 31:7 74:16
128:2 135:14 155:5 158:4 way (48) 2:10 12:9
153:21 154:3 VAT (1) 152:17 13:11,14 15:23
156:21 VECTOR (1) 156:24 16:1 20:4 26:7
understood (6) 67:19 Ved (4) 83:4,5,7,12 33:25 38:13 41:9
102:16 111:3 120:5 vehicles (4) 80:17 43:16 45:16,25
150:24 159:14 93:23 94:16 95:25 46:2,7,8 53:6 55:2
undertaken (1) 113:9 verified (1) 22:22 57:5 59:11 60:3
undertook (1) 111:15 versed (1) 36:7 61:2,21 64:18 65:7
undervalue (1) 134:2 version (24) 22:21 67:9 68:5 69:12
unfair (8) 39:16 42:7 76:24 77:7 79:16 71:2 73:20 74:9
49:1 60:1 68:5 69:4 79:19 81:18 91:15 79:4 90:11 97:20
71:15 145:15 91:16 93:19 103:9 99:6,12 117:13
unfortunate (1) 65:22 103:11,15 106:7 119:23 125:8 126:6
unfortunately (3) 8:18 107:5 110:4,5,15 126:22 135:17
13:13 42:6 120:11 121:3 145:3 146:14
Unified (1) 108:20 141:21 152:8 147:17 151:9
unify (2) 141:5 158:20 157:12,17,19 155:10
unilaterally (1) 126:17 veteran (1) 86:2 ways (1) 114:23
Union (1) 91:23 veterans (2) 85:20 we’ve (1) 68:9
unnecessary (1) 95:14 92:21 website (2) 103:13,15
unpledged (3) 143:1 veto (2) 135:2,4 week (10) 1:18,25
143:16 158:20 viability (5) 27:11,17 3:20 4:17 5:6 6:5,6
unquote (2) 31:25 34:12 59:20 64:19 63:5,6 65:11
133:18 viable (4) 27:15,19 weekend (1) 22:18
unrealistic (2) 8:11,12 30:24 131:4 weeks (5) 11:2 61:23
Opus 2 International transcripts@opus2.com
Official Court Reporters +44 (0)20 3008 5900
174
April 14, 2016 Day 38
62:5,6 138:6 weight (4) 15:17
31:21 56:10 60:9 went (2) 38:7 119:22 weren’t (3) 116:3,3
119:12
Western (83) 17:9,9 23:15 26:23 27:1 28:12 44:16 78:13 105:13,16 110:17 112:3,6,10 113:2,8 113:9,21 114:2,3 114:11,13 115:6,21 117:1 120:8 121:12 121:18,20,24 122:19,21 125:21 127:24 129:3 130:4 130:11,22 134:7,11 134:20 135:2,5,8 135:19,21 136:1 137:21 139:11,18 141:7,13,25 142:25 143:15,18,21,22,25 144:12,17,19,23 146:2,8,21 147:1,6 147:14,20 150:14 150:17 151:2,12 152:1 153:6,13,20 153:23 154:6,18 155:11 157:25
whatsoever (1)
117:16 wide-ranging (1)
36:10
willing (4) 15:11,25 111:4 149:12
willy (1) 141:15 willy-nilly (1) 91:9 win (1) 41:13 winning (1) 157:8 wish (6) 35:23 53:23
66:13 71:5 73:17 102:25
withdrawal (1) 51:7 withdrawn (1) 50:13 Withers (2) 14:14
28:22
witness (51) 1:14 6:6 12:6,8 15:10,11,11 21:18 53:20 54:8 55:16 57:6,8,12 58:16,21 59:2,25 61:24 63:8,25 74:10,21,25 75:1,3 75:10,15,17,20,22 75:23 76:1,3,12,22 79:9,15,22 82:16 93:16 101:7 106:5 109:22 119:1,9,10 120:2,10 138:24 161:16
witness’s (1) 102:11 witnesses (8) 4:3 6:12 29:21 56:11 61:7
85:19 122:22 141:1 wonder (2) 22:20
103:6
word (5) 100:12,18,20 108:7 119:8
worded (2) 11:8,15 words (10) 3:21 28:10
29:24 62:12 83:22 91:8,18 123:2 124:18 144:22
work (25) 1:15 10:7 11:12 12:23 14:15 14:20 54:9 58:22 65:13 82:17,24 84:17 92:23,24
98:22 104:23 105:18 127:9 131:11 132:6,12 141:4 155:5 156:5 158:11
worked (14) 82:21 84:7 85:12,18,22 86:3,8 90:1 92:17 93:5 105:10 126:6 126:22 142:22
working (10) 82:25 83:14,15 87:10 92:18 95:22 105:6 108:25 154:2,14
works (2) 86:1 99:7 world (3) 58:25
146:21 151:10 worry (3) 44:12 68:15
120:18 worth (1) 31:17
wouldn’t (22) 2:20 11:13 14:12,19 15:21 16:2 20:20 20:22 64:5 69:20 69:24 70:1 72:3 90:16 100:1 122:5 122:8 126:9,18 127:3 144:2 148:13
wrestle (2) 55:5 65:7 wrestling (1) 65:7 writ (1) 145:6
write (2) 10:17 65:14 write-off (1) 147:5 writing (4) 10:18
12:12 43:21 55:14 written (19) 6:25 7:8 7:13,16,18,22 9:24
22:17 40:7,23 42:11 58:5,9 61:6 70:21 71:13 72:10 81:13 144:18
wrong (13) 17:7 19:8 25:10 30:10 58:24 95:18 103:6 105:5 113:18 125:8 135:8 149:24 159:24
wrongly (2) 67:5
92:12 wrote (1) 11:7 WS (1) 80:6
X
X (3) 12:24 97:20 98:1
Y
Yatvetsky (24) 74:11 74:12,18,20,24 75:14 91:7 95:2 97:21 98:1 101:5 101:20 110:7 118:23 119:17 120:18 122:22 124:14 126:3 133:2 137:19 155:21 158:17 162:7
year (5) 57:17 83:9 86:7,8,17
years (11) 26:7 113:3 113:6,7,13,15 114:8 129:7 131:2 131:7,7
yesterday (1) 1:23 young (1) 66:9
Z
Zao (4) 107:18,19,21
108:3
Zapadny (1) 153:22
0
0.4 (1) 88:15
1
1 (2) 135:22 162:3
1.0 (1) 101:1
1.1 (1) 152:13
1.50 (3) 101:3,4,10
10 (12) 1:7 36:22 37:4 37:14,14 73:22 75:5 100:24,25 131:7 137:11 140:16
10-minute (2) 73:4 137:10
10,000 (5) 11:21 51:22 52:4 65:24 66:3
10.0 (1) 160:24
10.30 (5) 160:24 161:8,13,19,21
100 (7) 22:25 70:16 80:22,23 81:20 102:21 107:23
10th (1) 2:8 11 (1) 2:2
11.36 (1) 73:23
11.47 (1) 73:25
12 (1) 2:2
12.5 (1) 13:5
12.50 (1) 101:8
13 (1) 37:14
14 (5) 1:1 37:14 38:12 79:18,25
15 (5) 80:14 141:14 141:19 142:12 161:22
161,000 (1) 152:3
161,497.50 (1) 152:16
161,500 (1) 152:2
17 (1) 81:17
176 (1) 26:1
18 (3) 79:25 93:18,18
181B (2) 23:22 24:2
19 (3) 29:2 44:17 139:2
1990s (1) 86:14
1998 (1) 91:25
1999 (2) 83:17 89:15
2
2 (6) 1:19,25 24:6 102:21 125:14 157:22
2.1 (2) 35:5 152:15
2.2 (1) 35:10
20 (2) 108:21 136:6
20-minute (1) 8:6
20,000 (1) 129:8
200 (4) 16:19,21 17:7 19:12
200,000 (3) 51:8,9,12
2000 (4) 83:9,17 86:7 86:17
2003/2004 (1) 89:22
2004 (3) 82:17 86:8 90:15
2006 (3) 88:13 89:12 89:14
2007 (1) 100:15
2008 (3) 28:3 80:16 107:24
2009 (10) 89:11 112:3 112:5 113:5,15,22 113:25 114:4 134:8 137:21
2011 (5) 108:21 150:8 150:11 154:22
157:22 2012 (4) 108:4 112:12
112:14 114:8
2013 (1) 105:5
2015 (2) 38:12 49:16
2016 (2) 1:1 161:22
21 (1) 44:8
22 (3) 75:5 150:8
162:5
22,000 (1) 51:21
24 (1) 38:13
25th (1) 5:7
26 (1) 49:16
26th (1) 5:7
27 (1) 139:1
290,000 (1) 51:10
2nd (2) 2:18,19
3
3 (5) 2:2 44:9 102:21 103:14 140:18
3.13 (1) 137:12
3.27 (1) 137:14
30 (7) 76:22 77:1,2
134:8 156:16,16,17
31 (1) 77:2
34 (1) 49:19
35 (4) 95:22 96:6
100:15,17
3rd (3) 2:18,20,22
4
4 (2) 2:2 88:15
4.15/4.30 (1) 161:2
4.26 (1) 161:20
4.30 (1) 161:8
4.6.8 (1) 33:2
43 (3) 77:6,8 78:1
45 (3) 120:10,11,21
46 (1) 121:5
47 (1) 121:6
48 (3) 106:14 121:6
122:2
49 (4) 106:7,15 129:7
131:2
4th (3) 2:18,20,22
5
5 (3) 2:2 38:14 49:15
5.00 (1) 161:10
50 (4) 97:21,22 104:19 106:21
500 (2) 24:12 32:1
53 (2) 109:24 110:24
56 (1) 159:18
59 (1) 110:12 5th (2) 2:21,23
6
6 (6) 2:2,4 49:19 152:5,6 153:11
6.34 (1) 34:22
6.35 (1) 34:22
6.36 (1) 34:22
60 (2) 17:3 19:11
61 (1) 120:14
66 (1) 162:6 6th (1) 2:5
7
7 (3) 29:3 50:12 162:4
70 (1) 131:7
700,000 (2) 13:25 14:9
725 (1) 33:10
74 (2) 162:7,8
75 (4) 19:21 80:16
81:10 162:9
8
8 (1) 124:20
9
9 (2) 2:2 88:13
9.45 (1) 1:2
90,000 (1) 140:19
99 (2) 144:16 151:5
9th (1) 2:10
Opus 2 International transcripts@opus2.com
Official Court Reporters +44 (0)20 3008 5900